1. David Pakman
@pakman
dp@venrock.com

2. Tech-enabled Disruption

3. Where are we now?

4. Real-time

5. Social is Everywhere

6. Brands adapting to social - The Rising Consumer Voice

7. From Pages to People

9. Appification

10. • Mobile content consumption overtaking PC/larger screens!
• Atomic unit of content getting smaller!
• Content is on-demand, on my device, on my terms.

11. The internet is a global community, overwhelmingly so

12. What’s Coming?

13. Edge Manufacturing

14. Mass Customization

15. Sensor Proliferation

16. Context-Aware Devices and Applications

17. Guided knowledge available to all

18. What has happened to analog incumbents
as they attempt to make the digital transition?

19. Unbundling

20. Effects of Unbundling
• Bundles artificially raise total dollar spend in a
market !
• Internet reduces content to its least-frictional
atomic unit, challenging traditional bundlers.!
• Digital markets are smaller than analog markets!
• Challenges cost structure of incumbents —
innovators dilemma surfaces

21. So, What Is Higher Ed?
• Is it content or distribution? !
• Is it bundled content that will unbundle?

22. Many Bundles in Higher Ed
•
Services!
•
Research + Teaching!
•
Curriculum bundling towards a major/degree!
•
Scholarly journals

23. • As the forces of unbundling take
aim at these traditional packages,
there is always a loser.!
• Businesses built on the
assumption of bundle economics
have a very hard time finding an
economic model to support their
legacy cost structure

24. Libraries
• Predominantly aggregation and distribution?!
• In an unbundled world, distribution changes!
• Content discovery shifting to users/social!
• How best serve host organization’s mission?

25. Publishers
• Ultimately, where is their greatest value?!
• Aggregation?!
• Editorial selection?!
• Marketing?!
• Conferring authority?!
• New aggregators are the social platforms, not the publishers!
• The internet was built to route around congestion. Artificial
scarcity looks like congestion.!
• Can they deliver world-class experiences to meet consumer
expectations?

27. Observations
• The internet allows users to be publishers:
bi-directional.!
• In academia, the user is often the contributor!
• For major topics, distribution/marketing is
helpful!
• For niche topics, the scholars are connected

28. Authority
•
!
• Today, societies are the curators and anoint the
reviewer!
• Online, we see Influencers conferring authority
by distributing their content !
• Can an online community endow credibility on
scholarly research?

29. • Watch user behavior!
• Incumbents are suing
(Aereo and broadcasters, NYTimes and
Business Insider)!
• Upstarts are gaining users, routing around
incumbents

30. Reasonable Predictions?
• Some education will unbundle!
• Physical attendance not a requirement for a
complete education!
• Traditional publishers will experience
unbundling!
• Fundamental changes to role of library - are
they the trusted broker of data?!
• Peer communities will bestow authority on
creators