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‫כנס האיגוד הישראלי של ספרני יהדות‬
       2010 ‫הספרייה הלאומית, 82 אפריל‬


     Judaica Europeana
      www.judaica-europeana.eu

     Dov Winer
     European Association for Jewish Culture
     Scientific Manager, Judaica Europeana
Judaica Europeana

• Reply to the eContentPlus 2008 call for contributions to EUROPEANA –
  The European Digital Library

• 24 months project - 3 million € with 50% contribution of the European
  Commission

• Contribution of content on the Europeana theme of CITY:
  cities of the future/past - migration and diasporas - trade and industry -
  design, shopping and urban cool - the route to urban health - archaeology
  and architecture - utopias - riot and disorder - palaces and politics

• Other themes in the Call:
   Social life - Music - Crime and Punishment - Travel & tourism
Partners




           Coordinator
                         Hungarian Jewish Archive
Extending the network
The following expressed their interest in
joining Judaica Europeana:
•   National Library of Israel, Jerusalem
•   Center for Jewish History, New York
•   Jewish Historical Museum, Amsterdam
•   Jewish Museum Berlin
•   Centropa, Vienna/Budapest
•   Galicia Jewish Museum, Krakow
•   London Metropolitan Archive
•   Aberdeen University Library
•   Institute for Jewish Policy Research,
    London
    Travelling trunk brought by a German refugee
    family to England in May 1939, Mädler Koffer,
    c.1930, Germany. The Jewish Museum London
•   Europeana
•   Judaica Europeana
•   Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs
•   Vocabularies for Jewish Content
•   Using Jewish Content
Europeana ― the vision

                              “A digital library that is a single,
Europe’s digital libraries,
                              direct and multilingual access point
archives and museums          to the European cultural heritage.”
online                        European Parliament, 27 September 2007
• A showcase for Europe’s     “A unique resource for Europe's
 cultural and scientific      distributed cultural heritage …
 heritage                     ensuring a common access to
                              Europe's libraries, archives and
• A flagship project of the   museums.”
 European Commission and      Horst Forster, Director, Digital Content &
 the European Parliament.     Cognitive Systems Information Society
                              Directorate, European Commission
Judaica
Europeana




            HOPE
            Assets
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
Europeana the Innovator


      Virtual exhibitions
      Stories
      Colour searching
      Personalisation
      Multilingual
      search
      Music bar search
      Geographic
      Referencing
      Collaborative
      working
      Reuse
      Video sampling
Europeana the facilitator
Repositories: language, cross walks, thesauri
Tools: Europeana Licensing Framework..........
Policies: Annotations, Public Domain, User Generated
Content..........
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
•   Europeana
•   Judaica Europeana
•   Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs
•   Vocabularies for Jewish Content
•   Using Jewish Content
Judaica Europeana
Milestones
           developing Jewish networking infrastructures


•
T




    The future of Jewish Heritage in Europe:
    an International Conference – Prague 24-27 April 2004
Jewish contribution to European cities

Urbanisation and occupational
specialisation has led to the
identification of Jews with
specific streets, neighbourhoods
and other urban phenomena.


The J-Street Project by Susan Heller.
Compton Verney Trust and the DAAD, Berlin,
2005. A book, installation and video produced
with the support of the European Association
for Jewish Culture.
Jews and the City
Prof. Steven Zipperstein points to the anti-urban bias of most of the
  Jewish historiography and how this began to change at the end of the
  20th Century
Zipperstein, S. (1987). Jewish Historiography and the Modern City. Jewish History V2 , pp.77-88

“The Jewish Century” by Yuri Slezkine (2004):
“Modernization is about everyone becoming urban, mobile, literate, articulate,
  intellectually intricate, physically fastidious, and occupationally flexible. It is
  about learning how to cultivate people and symbols, not fields and herds. It
  is about pursuing wealth for the sake of learning, learning for the sake of
  wealth, and both wealth and learning for their own sake. It is about
  transforming peasants and princes into merchants and priests, replacing
  inherited privilege with acquired prestige, and dismantling social estates for
  the benefit of individuals, nuclear families, and book-reading tribes (nations).
  Modernization, in other words, is about everyone becoming Jewish.”
  (Slezkine, 2004).
•                  Yuri Slezkine, The Jewish Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004. For the first chapter
    see            http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s7819.html


“
Jews in European Cities – kinds of content


                     Known celebrities – full individual expression




                Jewish expressions in the
                    urban landscape


                    Core of Jewish Life
Jews in European Cities
JUDAICA Europeana goals
•   Document Jewish expression in Europe. Support content holders in
    identifying content that reflect the Jewish impact on European cities

•   Digitise and aggregate this content. Synchronize standards, metadata
    and vocabularies, with Europeana interoperability requirements

•   Deploy knowledge management tools to support communities of
    practice index, retrieve and re-use content pertinent to their areas of
    interest

•   Support employment of content in scholarship; university teaching;
    museum curatorship; cultural tourism; plastic arts, music and
    multimedia; formal and informal education
• Europeana
• Judaica Europeana
• Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as
  hubs of knowledge in the new web
• Vocabularies for Jewish Content
• Using Jewish Content
Digitise, aggregate, metadata & vocabularies

• EUROPEANA will be integral part of the Web of
  Knowledge

• Linked Data – the RDF Web, Web as a database

• Building units: URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers)
  in RDF    (Resource Description Framework) triplets:
  Subject, Predicate, Object

• Vocabularies as Hubs in the Web of Knowledge:
   SKOS – Simple Knowledge Organisation System
The Web of Data

•   “First,
         the Web will get better and better at helping us to
    manage, integrate, and analyze data.”

• “Today, the Web is quite effective at helping us to publish
  and discover documents, but the individual information
  elements within those documents ... cannot be handled
  directly as data.”
The Web of Data

• “Today you can see the data with your browser, but can't
  get other computer programs to manipulate or analyze it
  without going through a lot of manual effort yourself.”

• “As this problem is solved, we can expect that Web as a
  whole to look more like a large database or spreadsheet,
  rather than just a set of linked documents.”
The Web of Data

Those data can be published in the Web...
...linked with other data in the Web...
...shared between software applications...

The format of such Web database is RDF – Resource
  Description Framework
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
http://linkeddata.org/
http://esw.w3.org/DataSetRDFDump
http://esw.w3.org/TaskForces/CommunityProjects/LinkingOpenData/DataSets/Statistics   (~13 Billion triplets March 9, 2010)
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
The Web of Knowledge

• Publish KOS (Knowledge Organisation Systems) as
  linked data in the Web
   – Make their concepts and their interconnections part
     of the Web of data

• Why?

• How? (SKOS...)
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
KOS e.g. LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings)

• Can be viewed as a network of interconnected concepts

• Represent LCSH as data in the Web
   – Make those concepts and their interconnections part of
     the Web




                                                34     http://purl
                                                       .org/net/a
                                                           liman
SKOS Resource Types (Classes)

• skos:Concept
   – E.g. LCSH concept of US Presidents

• skos:ConceptScheme
   – E.g. LCSH itself
SKOS Link Types (Properties)

• For labeling concepts
   – skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel, skos:hiddenLabel

• For documenting concepts
   – skos:note, skos:scopeNote, skos:definition,
     skos:editorialNote...

• For linking concepts
   – skos:broader, skos:narrower, skos:related
SKOS Simple Knowledge ORGANIZATION SYSTEM
  thesauri, classifications, subjects, taxonomies, folksonomies,…
  controlled vocabulary
  concepts are documented, linked, merged with other data,     composed, integrated
  and published on the Web
CONCEPTS          identified by URIs using RDF triples

           :natural language expressions to refer to
           concepts
           skos: prefLabel [descriptor]
           skos: altLabel      [synonims, acronyms, abbreviations]
SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS
           …broader and narrower concepts
           broader/narrower relationships assert that a concept
           is broader/narrower in meaning
           related…concepts somehow related
SCHEMES    compiled sets of concepts: ConceptScheme class and inScheme
           relationship to link a concept to a scheme
           hasTopConcept relationship for the entry points of narrower/broader hierarchy

LINK schemes          map concepts from different schemes using the properties
                      exactMatch, broadMatch, narrowMatch and relatedMatch
                                                                                    June 10

                                                                      dov.winer@gmail.com
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
SKOS APPLICATIONS

I want to send my thesaurus/subject heading/taxonomy from one
   database/application to another

I want to publish my thesaurus/taxonomy… in an “electronic” form, so
   that it can become part of a distributed information
   network/environment

The Web values quality and openness (e.g. Wikipedia)
  KOS are high quality resources [both the concepts and the links]
   KOS are natural hubs…attractors…high gravity…attract links
   act as firm foundation for a Web of data…

Links are paths to discovery (of documents, data,…); they can be
   exploited in useful and surprising ways (serendipity); well
   established KOS e.g. LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings,
   MeSH (Medical Subject Headings, AAT (Art and Architecture
   Thesaurus) can be hubs in the Web of linked data              June 10

                                                         dov.winer@gmail.com
•   Europeana
•   Judaica Europeana
•   Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs
•   Vocabularies for Jewish Content
•   Using Jewish Content
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians
Jewish gazetteers
http://id.loc.gov/authorities/search/
• Europeana
• Judaica Europeana
• Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as
  hubs of knowledge in the new web
• Vocabularies for Jewish Content
• Using Jewish Content
Employment of Content

• Support employment of content in scholarship; university
  teaching; museum curatorship; cultural tourism; plastic arts, music and
  multimedia; formal and informal education
• Each partner will:
   • Organize at least two virtual exhibitions employing the
     digitised resources
   • Involve at least two scholars in using Judaica Europeana
     knowledge management tools in their scholarship research.
   • Involve at least two university level courses in using Judaica
     Europeana resources for teaching
   • Engage at least three schools in the Unesco project “Scenes
     and Sounds of my City”
JUDAICA Europeana
Digital Humanities Tools
Deploy Knowledge Management Tools
JUDAICA
Europeana
Thank you for your attention!

Contact:

      Dov Winer
      Judaica Europeana Scientific Manager
      EAJC - European Association for Jewish Culture
      dov.winer@gmail.com

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Judaica europeana dovwinerjudaicalibrarians

  • 1. ‫כנס האיגוד הישראלי של ספרני יהדות‬ 2010 ‫הספרייה הלאומית, 82 אפריל‬ Judaica Europeana www.judaica-europeana.eu Dov Winer European Association for Jewish Culture Scientific Manager, Judaica Europeana
  • 2. Judaica Europeana • Reply to the eContentPlus 2008 call for contributions to EUROPEANA – The European Digital Library • 24 months project - 3 million € with 50% contribution of the European Commission • Contribution of content on the Europeana theme of CITY: cities of the future/past - migration and diasporas - trade and industry - design, shopping and urban cool - the route to urban health - archaeology and architecture - utopias - riot and disorder - palaces and politics • Other themes in the Call: Social life - Music - Crime and Punishment - Travel & tourism
  • 3. Partners Coordinator Hungarian Jewish Archive
  • 4. Extending the network The following expressed their interest in joining Judaica Europeana: • National Library of Israel, Jerusalem • Center for Jewish History, New York • Jewish Historical Museum, Amsterdam • Jewish Museum Berlin • Centropa, Vienna/Budapest • Galicia Jewish Museum, Krakow • London Metropolitan Archive • Aberdeen University Library • Institute for Jewish Policy Research, London Travelling trunk brought by a German refugee family to England in May 1939, Mädler Koffer, c.1930, Germany. The Jewish Museum London
  • 5. Europeana • Judaica Europeana • Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs • Vocabularies for Jewish Content • Using Jewish Content
  • 6. Europeana ― the vision “A digital library that is a single, Europe’s digital libraries, direct and multilingual access point archives and museums to the European cultural heritage.” online European Parliament, 27 September 2007 • A showcase for Europe’s “A unique resource for Europe's cultural and scientific distributed cultural heritage … heritage ensuring a common access to Europe's libraries, archives and • A flagship project of the museums.” European Commission and Horst Forster, Director, Digital Content & the European Parliament. Cognitive Systems Information Society Directorate, European Commission
  • 7. Judaica Europeana HOPE Assets
  • 9. Europeana the Innovator Virtual exhibitions Stories Colour searching Personalisation Multilingual search Music bar search Geographic Referencing Collaborative working Reuse Video sampling
  • 10. Europeana the facilitator Repositories: language, cross walks, thesauri Tools: Europeana Licensing Framework.......... Policies: Annotations, Public Domain, User Generated Content..........
  • 15. Europeana • Judaica Europeana • Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs • Vocabularies for Jewish Content • Using Jewish Content
  • 17. Milestones developing Jewish networking infrastructures • T The future of Jewish Heritage in Europe: an International Conference – Prague 24-27 April 2004
  • 18. Jewish contribution to European cities Urbanisation and occupational specialisation has led to the identification of Jews with specific streets, neighbourhoods and other urban phenomena. The J-Street Project by Susan Heller. Compton Verney Trust and the DAAD, Berlin, 2005. A book, installation and video produced with the support of the European Association for Jewish Culture.
  • 19. Jews and the City Prof. Steven Zipperstein points to the anti-urban bias of most of the Jewish historiography and how this began to change at the end of the 20th Century Zipperstein, S. (1987). Jewish Historiography and the Modern City. Jewish History V2 , pp.77-88 “The Jewish Century” by Yuri Slezkine (2004): “Modernization is about everyone becoming urban, mobile, literate, articulate, intellectually intricate, physically fastidious, and occupationally flexible. It is about learning how to cultivate people and symbols, not fields and herds. It is about pursuing wealth for the sake of learning, learning for the sake of wealth, and both wealth and learning for their own sake. It is about transforming peasants and princes into merchants and priests, replacing inherited privilege with acquired prestige, and dismantling social estates for the benefit of individuals, nuclear families, and book-reading tribes (nations). Modernization, in other words, is about everyone becoming Jewish.” (Slezkine, 2004). • Yuri Slezkine, The Jewish Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004. For the first chapter see http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s7819.html “
  • 20. Jews in European Cities – kinds of content Known celebrities – full individual expression Jewish expressions in the urban landscape Core of Jewish Life
  • 22. JUDAICA Europeana goals • Document Jewish expression in Europe. Support content holders in identifying content that reflect the Jewish impact on European cities • Digitise and aggregate this content. Synchronize standards, metadata and vocabularies, with Europeana interoperability requirements • Deploy knowledge management tools to support communities of practice index, retrieve and re-use content pertinent to their areas of interest • Support employment of content in scholarship; university teaching; museum curatorship; cultural tourism; plastic arts, music and multimedia; formal and informal education
  • 23. • Europeana • Judaica Europeana • Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs of knowledge in the new web • Vocabularies for Jewish Content • Using Jewish Content
  • 24. Digitise, aggregate, metadata & vocabularies • EUROPEANA will be integral part of the Web of Knowledge • Linked Data – the RDF Web, Web as a database • Building units: URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers) in RDF (Resource Description Framework) triplets: Subject, Predicate, Object • Vocabularies as Hubs in the Web of Knowledge: SKOS – Simple Knowledge Organisation System
  • 25. The Web of Data • “First, the Web will get better and better at helping us to manage, integrate, and analyze data.” • “Today, the Web is quite effective at helping us to publish and discover documents, but the individual information elements within those documents ... cannot be handled directly as data.”
  • 26. The Web of Data • “Today you can see the data with your browser, but can't get other computer programs to manipulate or analyze it without going through a lot of manual effort yourself.” • “As this problem is solved, we can expect that Web as a whole to look more like a large database or spreadsheet, rather than just a set of linked documents.”
  • 27. The Web of Data Those data can be published in the Web... ...linked with other data in the Web... ...shared between software applications... The format of such Web database is RDF – Resource Description Framework
  • 31. The Web of Knowledge • Publish KOS (Knowledge Organisation Systems) as linked data in the Web – Make their concepts and their interconnections part of the Web of data • Why? • How? (SKOS...)
  • 34. KOS e.g. LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings) • Can be viewed as a network of interconnected concepts • Represent LCSH as data in the Web – Make those concepts and their interconnections part of the Web 34 http://purl .org/net/a liman
  • 35. SKOS Resource Types (Classes) • skos:Concept – E.g. LCSH concept of US Presidents • skos:ConceptScheme – E.g. LCSH itself
  • 36. SKOS Link Types (Properties) • For labeling concepts – skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel, skos:hiddenLabel • For documenting concepts – skos:note, skos:scopeNote, skos:definition, skos:editorialNote... • For linking concepts – skos:broader, skos:narrower, skos:related
  • 37. SKOS Simple Knowledge ORGANIZATION SYSTEM thesauri, classifications, subjects, taxonomies, folksonomies,… controlled vocabulary concepts are documented, linked, merged with other data, composed, integrated and published on the Web CONCEPTS identified by URIs using RDF triples :natural language expressions to refer to concepts skos: prefLabel [descriptor] skos: altLabel [synonims, acronyms, abbreviations] SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS …broader and narrower concepts broader/narrower relationships assert that a concept is broader/narrower in meaning related…concepts somehow related SCHEMES compiled sets of concepts: ConceptScheme class and inScheme relationship to link a concept to a scheme hasTopConcept relationship for the entry points of narrower/broader hierarchy LINK schemes map concepts from different schemes using the properties exactMatch, broadMatch, narrowMatch and relatedMatch June 10 dov.winer@gmail.com
  • 39. SKOS APPLICATIONS I want to send my thesaurus/subject heading/taxonomy from one database/application to another I want to publish my thesaurus/taxonomy… in an “electronic” form, so that it can become part of a distributed information network/environment The Web values quality and openness (e.g. Wikipedia) KOS are high quality resources [both the concepts and the links] KOS are natural hubs…attractors…high gravity…attract links act as firm foundation for a Web of data… Links are paths to discovery (of documents, data,…); they can be exploited in useful and surprising ways (serendipity); well established KOS e.g. LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings, AAT (Art and Architecture Thesaurus) can be hubs in the Web of linked data June 10 dov.winer@gmail.com
  • 40. Europeana • Judaica Europeana • Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs • Vocabularies for Jewish Content • Using Jewish Content
  • 47. • Europeana • Judaica Europeana • Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs of knowledge in the new web • Vocabularies for Jewish Content • Using Jewish Content
  • 48. Employment of Content • Support employment of content in scholarship; university teaching; museum curatorship; cultural tourism; plastic arts, music and multimedia; formal and informal education • Each partner will: • Organize at least two virtual exhibitions employing the digitised resources • Involve at least two scholars in using Judaica Europeana knowledge management tools in their scholarship research. • Involve at least two university level courses in using Judaica Europeana resources for teaching • Engage at least three schools in the Unesco project “Scenes and Sounds of my City”
  • 53. Thank you for your attention! Contact: Dov Winer Judaica Europeana Scientific Manager EAJC - European Association for Jewish Culture dov.winer@gmail.com