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Ch 11, Muscles of the Body
Part 1: The Axial Musculature


   Consists of the
        Head and Neck
        Spine
        Ribs
   Know the Terms:
        Origin, Insertion, Action
        Agonist (prime mover) and Antagonist
        Synergist




                                                           Developed by
                                                John Gallagher, MS, DVM
Muscle Arrangements
Some Nomenclature Aids

 Location, e.g., intercostal
                                            Page 274
 Shape, e.g. deltoid
 Size, e.g., gluteus maximus
 Direction of fibers, e.g., rectus, oblique
 Location of origin and/or insertion, e.g.,
  sternocleidomastoid
       Number of origins, e.g., biceps brachii
   Action (flexor, extensor, etc.)


            Superficial, big, important
Superficial muscles




           Fig 11-7 a and b
The Head (and face)


 orbicularis oculi
 orbicularis oris
 risorius
 platysma
Muscles of Mastication (chewing)

Masseter
Temporalis
Buccinator
Tongue (glosso) and related muscles


   Genioglossus
        Inferior aspect of
         tongue
 Styloglossus
 Hyoglossus



    Genio- = chin
    Glosso = tongue
Eye (Ch 16)
•Rectus muscles:
    •Medial and Lateral
    •Superior and Inferior
• Oblique muscles
    •Superior and Inferior
    •Note the trochlea
•Levator palpebrae superioris

                                           Fig. 16-6

We’ll see these again, in Special Senses
The Neck
•Digastric
•Sternocleidomastoid (two
heads, or origins)
•Suprahyoid Group
•Infrahyoid Group
The Spine


Trapezius
Deltoid
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Latissimus dorsi
More Spine




        1.   Pectoantebrachialis
        2.   Pectoralis major
        3.   Pectoralis minor
        4.   Xiphihumeralis
        5.   External Oblique
        6.   Latissimus dorsi      Flap for breast
        7.   Epitrochlearis
        8.   Clavobrachialis       reconstruction
The Neck & Spine: For posture



•erector spinae
group:
    •Longissimus
    •Iliocostalis
    •Spinalis
Respiration

•Diaphragm
    •Dome-shaped
    •Contraction causes
    inspiration
•Intercostals
    •External - for
    inspiration
    •Internal – for
    expiration
The Abdominal Group
Abdominal wall:
•Rectus abdominis
     •Tendinous intersections
     (inscriptions, insertions)
          •The “six pack”
•Int. and ext. obliques
•Transversus abdominis
•Linea alba
•Inguinal rings
The Abdominal Group
Pelvic Floor


•Pelvic Diaphragm
    •Levator ani
    •Coccygeus
•External Urethral
Sphincter
•External Anal
Sphincter

                     Fig 11-15
Pelvic Floor, deep
Pelvic Floor, superficial
Chapter11 musclespart1marieb

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Chapter11 musclespart1marieb