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KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN 
MEDICINE 
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Knowledge Management 
Knowledge management 
(KM) is the process of 
capturing, developing, 
sharing, and effectively 
using organisational 
knowledge It refers to a 
multi-disciplined approach 
to achieving organisational 
objectives by making the 
best use of knowledge
3 
What is Knowledge 
Management? 
Discipline within an organization that ensures that 
the intellectual capabilities of that organization are 
shared, maintained and institutionalized 
The process of systematically and actively managing 
and leveraging the stores of knowledge in an 
organization 
The way a company stores, organizes and accesses 
internal and external information. 
Refers to an entire integrated system for 
accumulation, integration, manipulation, and access of 
data across multiple organizations
Not to be Confused 
Not to be 
confused 
with 
Information 
management.
Knowledge Management 
Integrates organisational 
expectations 
Knowledge management 
efforts typically focus on 
organisational objectives 
such as improved 
performance, competitive 
advantage, innovation, the 
sharing of lessons learned, 
integration and continuous 
improvement of the 
organisation.
New Expectations for 
Organizational Development 
A knowledge community is 
community construct, 
stemming from the 
convergence of knowledge 
management as a field of study 
and social exchange theory. 
Formerly known as a discourse 
community and having evolved 
from forums and web forums, 
knowledge communities are 
now often referred to as a 
community of practice or 
virtual community of practice
Knowledge Management is a 
New Discipline 
"Knowledge management is 
a discipline that promotes 
an integrated approach to 
identifying, capturing, 
evaluating, retrieving, and 
sharing all of an enterprise's 
information assets. These 
assets may include 
databases, documents, 
policies, procedures, and 
previously un-captured 
expertise and experience in 
individual workers."
Role Health Care Professionals 
Healthcare professionals are always in 
situations where they have to think fast 
and process an array of diagnostic test 
results, medications and past treatment 
responses in order to make decisions. 
Knowledge Management (KM) holds the 
key to proper patient care in these often 
complicated situations.
Introduction (cont.) 
Knowledge management systems in Healthcare 
will streamline information for the best, most 
efficient patient care. 
Many Healthcare facilities have yet to fully utilize 
all the benefits of KM systems. 
It could make a the difference when, for instance, 
your chance of survival for open heart surgery can 
go from 2% to 16% with the proper knowledge and 
procedures.
We Medical Professionals 
Need Knowledge Mobilization 
The term Knowledge 
Mobilization (KMb) refers to 
moving available knowledge 
(often from formal research) 
into active use. More than 
just "bridging the gap", 
KMb seeks to make 
connections between 
research/expertise and 
policy/practice in order to 
improve outcomes in 
various organizations or 
sectors. .
Knowledge 
Mobilization 
Knowledge Mobilization 
involves knowledge 
sharing between research 
producers (e.g. university 
researchers) and research 
users (including 
professionals or others 
whose work can benefit 
from research findings), 
often with the help of third 
parties or intermediaries.
Developing world Catching 
with Evidence Based Medicine 
Evidence-based medicine is defined as the 
integration of research evidence, clinical 
expertise, and patient preferences and values 
in clinical decision-making (Sackett et al., 1996). 
This model of medical practice has influenced 
decisions and actions throughout the health 
care industry for about a couple of decades, 
particularly in the advanced countries. 
However, little is known as to how patients with 
their tacit knowledge have en suite into the 
evidence-based practice equation especially in 
the developing world.
Many Medical Organization 
Catching the Concept 
The most obvious point 
is the making of the 
organization's data and 
information available to 
the members of the 
organization through 
portals and with the use 
of content management 
systems.
Health Information Exchange 
Collects, identifies and aggregates patient 
information from all source systems 
Enable sharing of documents and images among 
healthcare enterprises, regardless of source, 
location or format in support of improved patient 
care. 
Serve as a data repository and searchable registry 
of clinical documents 
Record audit events generated by all exchange 
interactions 
14
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN   MEDICINE
Knowledge Management Means 
Getting Right Knowledge 
Knowledge management is essentially about 
getting the right knowledge to the right 
person at the right time. This in itself may not 
seem so complex, but it implies a strong tie to 
corporate or Professional strategy, 
understanding of where and in what forms 
knowledge exists, creating processes that 
span organizational functions, and ensuring 
that initiatives are accepted and supported by 
organizational members.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN   MEDICINE
Technology Plays 
Greater Role 
The systems, 
tools, and 
technologies that 
fit the 
organization's 
requirements - 
properly designed 
and implemented.
19 
Role of IT in 
Implementation 
“The biggest 
contributor to this 
brilliant growth of 
the knowledge 
management 
system is 
information 
technology.”
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN   MEDICINE
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN   MEDICINE
Every Body wishes the Medical 
Treatments are Cost effective 
The increasing pressure to 
ensure efficiency and cost-effectiveness, 
balance the 
quality of care, and contain 
costs will drive them towards 
more effective management of 
medical knowledge derived 
from biomedical research. 
Knowledge management 
technology may provide 
effective methods and tools in 
speeding up the diffusion of 
innovative medical procedures.
Organizational Knowledge 
too Important 
The goal of knowledge 
management is not only 
increasing the performance 
of individuals within the 
organization but of the 
organization as a 'whole'. It 
implies an organizational 
view of the problem where 
individuals cooperate, as 
much as possible carrying 
on evidence-based care 
processes, each behaving 
according to the role the 
organization assigned 
her/him
Strategy for Implementing KM 
24 
Macro- 
Environment 
Organizational 
Climate 
Technical 
Climate 
Technical, 
Informational, 
Personal 
Macro-environment 
External Factors 
Globalization 
Technology 
E-companies 
24
The Knowledge Conversion 
Process in the Healthcare Domain 
The knowledge conversion process, contextualized 
for a health care organization , is based on some 
assumptions. First of all three main knowledge types 
are involved: Medical knowledge: it manages all 
medical aspects related to health care activities; 
Organizational knowledge: it manages organizational 
aspects related to health care activities; 
Formalization knowledge: it manages knowledge 
representation formalisms, among which computer-based 
tools (it can be considered a part of the 
technical domain above defined)
Important Models for 
Integration 
There are three main kinds of formal models: 
Medical, that means based on medical knowledge, e.g. 
formalized CPGs and protocols; 
Organizational, based on organizational knowledge, e.g. 
nurses’/physicians’ shifts scheduling and 
administrative procedures; 
Common, based on common knowledge, e.g. 
organizational charts (charts defining roles and 
hierarchies within hospital personnel).
Why we Need change to 
Management of Knowledge 
Medicine is fast becoming a science of 
information. Information about patient history, 
symptoms, functions and lifestyle; information 
about diseases, diagnostics, drugs, and 
treatment methods play an ever-increasing role. 
But there can be too much of a good thing. The 
dilemma faced by doctors, patients and medical 
administrators is to find and utilize the relevant 
information at the right time. Computers, of 
course, help manage information, but the current 
generation of computer inter
Computers Can Manage 
Matters 
Computers, of 
course, help manage 
information, but the 
current generation of 
computer inter-faces 
can't keep growing at 
the same rate 
medical information 
is growing.
Why We all Need New Knowledge 
Management Systems 
The recent growth in 
the scientific 
understanding of 
diseases and their 
management has been 
unprecedented, but 
has not been matched 
by an equivalent 
ability to apply that 
knowledge in practice.
30 
Maintaining KM Systems 
Provide 
Adequate 
Access 
Intranets 
Classes 
30
Our Educational System 
Needs Integration 
Could we combine two styles of knowledge 
into an integral whole 
31
Today Knowledge 
Management A Great Task 
It is now humanly 
impossible for 
unaided healthcare 
professionals to 
deliver patient care 
with the efficacy, 
consistency and 
safety that the full 
range of current 
knowledge could 
support.
Much of the Knowledge Available 
Through Open sources 
Many Open source 
organisations have 
been created to 
promote awareness 
and use of decision 
support, clinical 
workflow and other 
advanced knowledge 
management 
technologies for patient 
care and clinical 
research.
Why India Needs Knowledge 
Management systems 
Knowledge gives global health 
professionals the power to 
improve health systems and 
save lives. In low- and middle-income 
countries, global 
health professionals 
encounter many barriers to 
accessing information and 
exchanging knowledge— 
ranging from time constraints 
and connectivity issues to 
lacking reliable or trusted 
sources of information.
Future of Health 
Knowledge Management 
Knowledge Management in 
Healthcare has obvious 
benefits that could really 
make the difference in 
people's lives. 
There are still many 
healthcare facilities that still 
need to fully utilize these 
systems. 
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 35
Health Knowledge 
Managements Progressing 
We are drawing a 
predictive conclusion 
that over the next 
decade there will be 
significant 
improvements in 
physician care based 
on medical knowledge 
management. 
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 36
Never forget Every Body has to manage life 
and Knowledge or 
WE ARE LOST 
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 37
Knowledge Management systems have 
entered every profession Medical 
profession too Catching up Faster I wish 
we will catch up the systems for better 
Management of our Health Care system 
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 
Email 
doctortvrao@gmail.com

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KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN MEDICINE

  • 1. KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN MEDICINE Dr.T.V.Rao MD
  • 2. Knowledge Management Knowledge management (KM) is the process of capturing, developing, sharing, and effectively using organisational knowledge It refers to a multi-disciplined approach to achieving organisational objectives by making the best use of knowledge
  • 3. 3 What is Knowledge Management? Discipline within an organization that ensures that the intellectual capabilities of that organization are shared, maintained and institutionalized The process of systematically and actively managing and leveraging the stores of knowledge in an organization The way a company stores, organizes and accesses internal and external information. Refers to an entire integrated system for accumulation, integration, manipulation, and access of data across multiple organizations
  • 4. Not to be Confused Not to be confused with Information management.
  • 5. Knowledge Management Integrates organisational expectations Knowledge management efforts typically focus on organisational objectives such as improved performance, competitive advantage, innovation, the sharing of lessons learned, integration and continuous improvement of the organisation.
  • 6. New Expectations for Organizational Development A knowledge community is community construct, stemming from the convergence of knowledge management as a field of study and social exchange theory. Formerly known as a discourse community and having evolved from forums and web forums, knowledge communities are now often referred to as a community of practice or virtual community of practice
  • 7. Knowledge Management is a New Discipline "Knowledge management is a discipline that promotes an integrated approach to identifying, capturing, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing all of an enterprise's information assets. These assets may include databases, documents, policies, procedures, and previously un-captured expertise and experience in individual workers."
  • 8. Role Health Care Professionals Healthcare professionals are always in situations where they have to think fast and process an array of diagnostic test results, medications and past treatment responses in order to make decisions. Knowledge Management (KM) holds the key to proper patient care in these often complicated situations.
  • 9. Introduction (cont.) Knowledge management systems in Healthcare will streamline information for the best, most efficient patient care. Many Healthcare facilities have yet to fully utilize all the benefits of KM systems. It could make a the difference when, for instance, your chance of survival for open heart surgery can go from 2% to 16% with the proper knowledge and procedures.
  • 10. We Medical Professionals Need Knowledge Mobilization The term Knowledge Mobilization (KMb) refers to moving available knowledge (often from formal research) into active use. More than just "bridging the gap", KMb seeks to make connections between research/expertise and policy/practice in order to improve outcomes in various organizations or sectors. .
  • 11. Knowledge Mobilization Knowledge Mobilization involves knowledge sharing between research producers (e.g. university researchers) and research users (including professionals or others whose work can benefit from research findings), often with the help of third parties or intermediaries.
  • 12. Developing world Catching with Evidence Based Medicine Evidence-based medicine is defined as the integration of research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences and values in clinical decision-making (Sackett et al., 1996). This model of medical practice has influenced decisions and actions throughout the health care industry for about a couple of decades, particularly in the advanced countries. However, little is known as to how patients with their tacit knowledge have en suite into the evidence-based practice equation especially in the developing world.
  • 13. Many Medical Organization Catching the Concept The most obvious point is the making of the organization's data and information available to the members of the organization through portals and with the use of content management systems.
  • 14. Health Information Exchange Collects, identifies and aggregates patient information from all source systems Enable sharing of documents and images among healthcare enterprises, regardless of source, location or format in support of improved patient care. Serve as a data repository and searchable registry of clinical documents Record audit events generated by all exchange interactions 14
  • 16. Knowledge Management Means Getting Right Knowledge Knowledge management is essentially about getting the right knowledge to the right person at the right time. This in itself may not seem so complex, but it implies a strong tie to corporate or Professional strategy, understanding of where and in what forms knowledge exists, creating processes that span organizational functions, and ensuring that initiatives are accepted and supported by organizational members.
  • 18. Technology Plays Greater Role The systems, tools, and technologies that fit the organization's requirements - properly designed and implemented.
  • 19. 19 Role of IT in Implementation “The biggest contributor to this brilliant growth of the knowledge management system is information technology.”
  • 22. Every Body wishes the Medical Treatments are Cost effective The increasing pressure to ensure efficiency and cost-effectiveness, balance the quality of care, and contain costs will drive them towards more effective management of medical knowledge derived from biomedical research. Knowledge management technology may provide effective methods and tools in speeding up the diffusion of innovative medical procedures.
  • 23. Organizational Knowledge too Important The goal of knowledge management is not only increasing the performance of individuals within the organization but of the organization as a 'whole'. It implies an organizational view of the problem where individuals cooperate, as much as possible carrying on evidence-based care processes, each behaving according to the role the organization assigned her/him
  • 24. Strategy for Implementing KM 24 Macro- Environment Organizational Climate Technical Climate Technical, Informational, Personal Macro-environment External Factors Globalization Technology E-companies 24
  • 25. The Knowledge Conversion Process in the Healthcare Domain The knowledge conversion process, contextualized for a health care organization , is based on some assumptions. First of all three main knowledge types are involved: Medical knowledge: it manages all medical aspects related to health care activities; Organizational knowledge: it manages organizational aspects related to health care activities; Formalization knowledge: it manages knowledge representation formalisms, among which computer-based tools (it can be considered a part of the technical domain above defined)
  • 26. Important Models for Integration There are three main kinds of formal models: Medical, that means based on medical knowledge, e.g. formalized CPGs and protocols; Organizational, based on organizational knowledge, e.g. nurses’/physicians’ shifts scheduling and administrative procedures; Common, based on common knowledge, e.g. organizational charts (charts defining roles and hierarchies within hospital personnel).
  • 27. Why we Need change to Management of Knowledge Medicine is fast becoming a science of information. Information about patient history, symptoms, functions and lifestyle; information about diseases, diagnostics, drugs, and treatment methods play an ever-increasing role. But there can be too much of a good thing. The dilemma faced by doctors, patients and medical administrators is to find and utilize the relevant information at the right time. Computers, of course, help manage information, but the current generation of computer inter
  • 28. Computers Can Manage Matters Computers, of course, help manage information, but the current generation of computer inter-faces can't keep growing at the same rate medical information is growing.
  • 29. Why We all Need New Knowledge Management Systems The recent growth in the scientific understanding of diseases and their management has been unprecedented, but has not been matched by an equivalent ability to apply that knowledge in practice.
  • 30. 30 Maintaining KM Systems Provide Adequate Access Intranets Classes 30
  • 31. Our Educational System Needs Integration Could we combine two styles of knowledge into an integral whole 31
  • 32. Today Knowledge Management A Great Task It is now humanly impossible for unaided healthcare professionals to deliver patient care with the efficacy, consistency and safety that the full range of current knowledge could support.
  • 33. Much of the Knowledge Available Through Open sources Many Open source organisations have been created to promote awareness and use of decision support, clinical workflow and other advanced knowledge management technologies for patient care and clinical research.
  • 34. Why India Needs Knowledge Management systems Knowledge gives global health professionals the power to improve health systems and save lives. In low- and middle-income countries, global health professionals encounter many barriers to accessing information and exchanging knowledge— ranging from time constraints and connectivity issues to lacking reliable or trusted sources of information.
  • 35. Future of Health Knowledge Management Knowledge Management in Healthcare has obvious benefits that could really make the difference in people's lives. There are still many healthcare facilities that still need to fully utilize these systems. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 35
  • 36. Health Knowledge Managements Progressing We are drawing a predictive conclusion that over the next decade there will be significant improvements in physician care based on medical knowledge management. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 36
  • 37. Never forget Every Body has to manage life and Knowledge or WE ARE LOST Dr.T.V.Rao MD 37
  • 38. Knowledge Management systems have entered every profession Medical profession too Catching up Faster I wish we will catch up the systems for better Management of our Health Care system Dr.T.V.Rao MD Email doctortvrao@gmail.com