This document discusses anal cancer, including its treatment with chemo-radiation for squamous cancer of the anal canal. It describes potential side effects of pelvic radiation like diarrhea, cramps and fatigue from radiation to the small bowel, as well as urinary and rectal issues. Later stages have lower 5-year survival rates ranging from 45-86% depending on tumor size and lymph node involvement.
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Anal canal cancer web
1. Cancer of the anus or
anal canal
Understanding the disease
Treatment options
Side effects of treatment
2. Anal Cancer
This is usually squamous cancer and is
treated with chemo-radiation.
Rectal cancer is adenocarcinoma and is
treated with surgery +/- chemoradiation
20. Tomotherapy for anal cancer, high dose to anus and groin
nodes, while avoiding the bladder and femurs
21. In the treatment
the lasers are
used to line up
the beam and the
patient receives
the radiation
treatment
22. Side Effects of Pelvic Radiation
Radiation fields
Radiation may hit the small
bowel causing some cramps,
diarrhea and fatigue
High dose area
23. Side Effects of Pelvic Radiation
Radiation fields
Radiation may hit the bladder
and rectum causing urinary
burning or frequency and ano-
rectal irritation
High dose area
In pre-menopausal women, radiation is likely to effect
ovarian function and should not be used if the woman is
pregnant