1. Gender Mainstreaming and Social
Inclusion
25 July 2012
Radhika Regmi

2. Gender Mainstreaming
• “creating an environment that reflects an
understanding of the realities of women’s and
men's lives and addresses the issues of the
women.”

3. Gender Mainstreaming
• It is the process of assessing the implications for
women and men of any planned action, including
legislation, policies or programmes, in any area
and at all levels.
• It is a strategy for making women's as well as
men's concerns and experiences an integral
dimension in the design, implementation,
monitoring and evaluation of policies and
programmes in all political, economic, social,
legal spheres, such that inequality between men
and women is not perpetuated.

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5. Contd…..
• Gender mainstreaming is vital to protect and promote
women's and men's right
• One of the important outcomes from the Fourth World
Conference on Women held in Beijing, China in 1995
was international recognition that true gender equality
cannot be achieved if women's rights continue to be
viewed as a separate question and that a gender
perspective should be integrated into all planning,
programmes and legislation from their outset.
• It is being mindful of gender considerations in all
aspects of Investigation and counselling that is needed.

6. Social Inclusion
Are women homogenous entity?

7. What stands for Exclusion?
• Differences and inequality in human capabilities
(education, Life chances.....)
• Differences in
o representation
o participation/voice
o benefit sharing
o political avenues, economic, social,
cultural, property rights
o access to justice
• Rural and urban differences in access to
- market, services, opportunities, information
and political influences

8. What we mean by Social Inclusion?
• Removal of structural and institutional
barriers and enactment of incentives to
increase the access of diverse individuals and
groups to development opportunities (World
Bank).
• Seeks to bring structural and institutional
reform for equality in all sectors at all levels.

9. Human poverty expands from income deprivation to capability
deprivation into impaired human functioning.
Source: NHDR, 2009

10. Class matters the most!
Because of unequal access productive assets, income and opportunities,
people’s rights to live has been suffered.
Access to basic services by economic class
90
80
70 Poorest
60 Second
50
Third
40
30 Fourth
20 Richest
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11. Historical Context of Exclusion
• Country Code 1854 (1910 B.S) accorded
differential privileges and obligation to each
caste groups
• Divided into different caste groups and
allocated the tasks they have to perform
• Discriminatory policies, plans, programmes
• Systematic gender discrimination with the
start of civilization

12. How to overcome
• Political commitment
• Behavioral Change
• Analysis of the situation
• Inclusive democracy
• Fundamental shift in governance (Representation,
Participation, benefit sharing)
• Balance power in all sectors at all levels

13. How to overcome
• Rights to all
• Access to resources, opportunities and
benefits
• Lobbying and advocacy

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15. Your role
If you think, you are too small to make an
impact, go and live with Mosquito
An African proverb