This file is for reading

1. PANAMA´S
INDEPENDENCE

2. Prior to November 3rd, 1903
Panama was a part of Gran
Colombia. Gran Colombia is
now Colombia, Venezuela,
Panama, and Ecuador. As many
know the history of Panama’s
Independence has a decent
amount to do with U.S.
interventionism.
GREAT COLOMBIA

3. UNITED STATES: INTERESTS
At the end of the 19th century,
the United States was searching
for ways to quickly and efficiently
grant its navy the power to cross
through Central America via the
Isthmus of Panama or through
Nicaragua which would also
allow mention massive
commercial ships to cross
quickly from the Pacific to the
Atlantic and vice-versa.

4. Panama’s Separation
From Colombia
During the Thousand Days War
Panamanians attempted to free
themselves of Colombia’s power
multiple times but each time a
mixture of american soldiers
and Colombian soldiers would
come together and stop them.

5. The United States approached
Colombia in 1903 to get permission
to build the canal in exchange for
financial compensation. They
created a treaty named the Hay-
Herran Treaty which was ratified by
the U.S. Senate but was refused by
the Colombian Senate.
CANAL

6. Intervencionism
After hearing this the U.S. quietly pushed for
a rebellion with existing revolutionary forces
in Panama and in order to crush any
chances that the revolution could be
defeated by Colombian forces, the U.S.
removed trains from their railroads in
Colombia and most significantly sent a
warship (the U.S.S. Nashville) to the area to
strongarm Colombian leaders into giving in.

7. Days after independence was declared by
revolutionaries the United States recognized
Panama as an independent nation, entered into
diplomatic relations with them, and signed a treaty
just 5 days later which was the Panama Canal
treaty formally named the Hay-Bunau-Varilla treaty.
INDEPENDENCE

8. The Canal was completed in
1914 and Colombia didn’t
officially accept its loss and the
independence of Panama until
late 1921.
COLOMBIA

9. THANKS