Understanding and implementing the flipped classroom.

1. FLIPPING THE CLASSROOM

2. Moving from Teacher-Centered to Student-Centered Classrooms
FLIPPING THE CLASSROOM
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

3. What’s your teaching style?
Traditional classrooms:
 Teacher – centered:
 Teacher as deliverer of content and knowledge
 Students as recipients
 Direct instruction in class
 Lecture, demonstrations, video presentations
 Students are passive
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

4. What’s your teaching style?
Collaborative learning:
 Student-Centered
 Students work in groups
 Teacher as facilitator
Dilemma:
 Difficult to transmit basic instruction
 Time constraints
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

5. Nature of homework
 Students often do not understand
 Cannot get help
 Practice mistakes
 Frustration – give up
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

6. Reverse location of direct instruction and practice/application:
FLIPPED CLASSROOM MODEL

7. Flipped Classroom Model:
There is no single “Flipped Classroom Model”!!!
 It is an approach.
 Multiple models of implementation.
 Represent different learning theories.
 Pedagogical considerations are key!
“the Flipped Classroom isn't a methodology. It's an ideology.“
~ Brian Bennett
Bennet, B. (2011, Oct. 18).

8. Flipped Classroom Model:
The current ‘buzz’ in education:
 Oversimplified and often misapplied
 Criticisms and endorsements must reference particular
implementation.

9. Flipped Classroom Model:
It’s not new!
 Based on concepts from Dewey:
 Student centered
 Hands-on, experiential
 Flexible demonstration of mastery
 Pre-Tech:
 Read at home, collaborative projects in class.
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

10. Flipped Classroom Model:
Origins of Current Approach:
 “The Inverted Classroom”
 Lage, Platt and Treglia (2000)
 “The Flipped Classroom” term usually attributed to:
 Jon Bergman/Aaron Sams (2006)
 Submitted The Flipped Classroom book for publication in Feb. 2011
 Khan’s Ted Talk:
 Popularized and became identified with “Flipped Classroom” in March, 2011
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

11. Three Flipped Classroom Models:
1. Simple Reversal of Instruction & Homework
2. Experiential Learning Cycles
3. Khan Academy
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

12. 1.Reverse Instruction/Homework
Home:
 Direct instruction via technology (videos, websites …)
 Practice basic skills
School:
• Homework in small groups
• Differentiated class – students
move at own speed

13. 1.Reverse Instruction/Homework
Benefits for students:
 Ability to rewind and review instructional materials
 Move at own pace
 Support in class for homework.
 Increased time for teacher-student interaction
 Peer support: peer coaches, collaboration
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

14. 1.Reverse Instruction/Homework
Concerns:
 Videos are a form direct-instruction:
 Students are passive recipients of knowledge
 Not experiential, constructivist.
 In-class time:
 Still drill & kill?
 Individuals isolated on computers doing exercises?
Key is transformation of learning process!
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

15. 2.Experiential Learning Cycles
Four Stage Process:
 Experience
 Explore Concepts
 Make Meaning
 Demonstrate & Apply
From Gerstein (2011). Based on Experiential Learning Cycles of Borton (1970), Juch (1983), Kolb (1984)

16. 3.Experiential Learning Cycles
Experience:
 In class activities
 Engagement
 Inquiry
From Gerstein (2011). Based on Experiential Learning Cycles of Borton (1970), Juch (1983), Kolb (1984)

17. 3.Experiential Learning Cycles
Explore:
 The “Flipped” stage
 Guided, independent
exploration
From Gerstein (2011). Based on Experiential Learning Cycles of Borton (1970), Juch (1983), Kolb (1984)

18. 3.Experiential Learning Cycles
Make Meaning:
 At home and/or in class
projects & activities.
 Bloom’s “Create”
From Gerstein (2011). Based on Experiential Learning Cycles of Borton (1970), Juch (1983), Kolb (1984)

19. 3.Experiential Learning Cycles
Demonstrate &
Apply:
 Share learning with
peers.
 Teach
From Gerstein (2011). Based on Experiential Learning Cycles of Borton (1970), Juch (1983), Kolb (1984)

20. 3.Khan Academy
Background:
 Salman Khan: background in math, engineering,
computer science and business.
 2004 – created math videos to help cousin
 2005 – increased demand YouTube postings
 2009 – Founded Khan Academy
 Significant funding from Gates Foundation, Google
and others
From Gerstein (2011). Based on Experiential Learning Cycles of Borton (1970), Juch (1983), Kolb (1984)

21. 3.Khan Academy
Valuable resource for flipped classrooms:
 Over 4,000 free instructional videos
 Translated into dozens of languages
 Serves over 6 million students per month
 Coordinated with practice problems
 Sophisticated student analytics
 Organized ‘meet-ups’ in over 500 cities
From Gerstein (2011). Based on Experiential Learning Cycles of Borton (1970), Juch (1983), Kolb (1984)

22. 3.Khan Academy
A tool, not a model - multiple implementations:
 Support for project-based learning classrooms:
 Source for background skill instruction and practice.
 Provides time for deep engagement and creativity in class.
 Simple flip:
 Direct instruction via videos at home.
 Collaborative and individualized homework support in the classroom.
 Supplement standard classrooms:
 Students have additional support resources during homework
From Gerstein (2011). Based on Experiential Learning Cycles of Borton (1970), Juch (1983), Kolb (1984)

23. Tools and resources … the techie side.
TIPS FOR THE FLIP

24. Content Sources
It’s not just about the video!
 Premade tutorials & programs (e.g. Khan Academy)
 Interactive web sites
 Primary source images or documents
 Simulations and animations
 Slide-shares
 Hyper-linked images
 Web-quests
 Forms, polls, questionnaires
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

25. Content Preparation
Make you own?
 Content should be easy to navigate:
 Multiple slides
 Lesson reference points (headings, index)
 Keep content clear, concise and well focused.
 Display "Essential Question" at the top or bottom of
each screen.
 Keep production standards high:
 Check: Mic volume, camera focus, transitions, etc.

26. Content Preparation
Recommendations:
Task Level: Simple Intermediate Advanced
Screen-O-
Computer based screen capture: Snag-It Camtasia
Matic
iPad based screen and pen capture: ShowMe Educreations Doceri
On-line lesson creation tools: Edcanvas Sophia LectureTools
iPad as whiteboard and lesson recorder AirServer Splashtop Doceri
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

27. Content Access
Goals:
 Student can easily access and identify content:
 Dropbox, Google Drive or YouTube  Confusion and distraction
 Premade programs (Khan)  Well organized, includes practice & student tracking.
 Embed file links directly into lesson instructions.
 Learning goals will be fresh.
 Monitor Student engagement:
 See who has accessed the material.
 Track skill mastery.
 Students interact with content, other students, and/or the teacher.
 Some platforms incorporate limited social-network elements.
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

28. Content Access
Recommendations:
Access. Options:
File-only access Google Drive Dropbox School LMS
Video/Slide-only access YouTube TeacherTube SlideShare
Khan
Screen-cast access ShowMe Educreations
Academy
Multi-modal Sophia Edcanvas LectureTools
Devin Hess – Educational Technology Consultant (2013)

29. Flipped hosting sites
Examples of two content-hosting sites
suitable for flipped classroom materials.
Edcanvas Sophia
 Very simple  Very simple
 Student analytics  Student analytics
 Limited content types  Multiple content types
 Multi-slide  Single screen
 “Pathways” linked to
content standards

30. Questions ?
 Isn’t video passive, non-engaging learning?
 What if they don’t flip out at home?
 Flip across the digital divide?
 No time to re-design . . .
 Other questions?

31. References:
Bennet, B. (2011, Oct. 18). Video is not the answer. [Blog]. Educator, Learner. Retrieved from
http://www.brianbennett.org/blog/video-is-not-the-answer/
Gerstein, J. (2011, June 13). The flipped classroom model: A full picture. [Blog] User-Generated Education. Retrieved from
http://usergeneratededucation.wordpress.com/2011/06/13/the-flipped-classroom-model-a-full-picture/
Khan Academy [website]. Retrieved on April 6, 2013 from https://www.khanacademy.org/about
Lage, M., Platt, G., and Treglia, M. (2000, Winter) Inverting the classroom: A gateway to creating an inclusive learning
environment. The Journal of Economic Education , 31(1) (Winter, 2000), 30-43. Retrieved from JSTOR at
http://www.jstor.org/stable/1183338
Musallam, R. (2013, Jan. 5): A pedagogy-first approach to the flipped classroom: Exploring overlaps between inquiry &
technology. Cycles of Learning. Retrieved from
http://www.cyclesoflearning.com/files/38160d33feb8aa0c0f531ef6368dbd71-85.php
Westermann, K., Rummel, N. (2012, July). Delaying instruction: Evidence from a study in a university relearning setting.
Instructional Science 40(4) 673-689. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11251-012-9207-
8#page-1
Wilhelm, J. (2012). Cultures of collaboration: Leveraging classroom potential. Voices from the Middle, 20(2), 60-62.
Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.er.lib.k-
state.edu/docview/1288617207?accountid=11789?accountid=11789