201401 writing good_essays

Oh! Essays….
• Essays are important to get good marks.
• But, after you leave college…….?

Prepared by: D K Singhal

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• You may be asked to write project reports,
observation reports, audit reports etc.
• A good essay writing capability will help you
writing all these with ease, in a fairly readable
and presentable manner.

• No doubt, it also gives you an upper edge over
your colleagues.

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Why to Discuss it Here?
• Why this separate class for the essays?
• In school– More focus on marks
– Monotony
– More number of students
– Lack of knowledge of working culture in modern
job scenario
– Overloaded teachers

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What is an essay?
• An Essay is a group of paragraphs about a
specific subject.
• Like a paragraph, an essay generally makes
and supports one main theme point.


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Essay
• An essay is a literary
device for saying
almost everything
about almost
anything


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Is That You?


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Why to Write an Essay?
• You want to convince someone regarding your
point of view regarding an issue.
• You want to present multiple ideas/issues that
wouldn’t fit into a single paragraph situation.
• You want to sound intelligent and organized.
• Finally, you want to get good marks in your
school, college or university!


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Types of Essays
Argumentative Essay
Classification Essay
Critical Essay
Descriptive Essay
Discussion Essay
Scholarship Essay
Literature Essay
Personal Essay
Research Essay

Cause And Effect Essay
Comparison Essay
Deductive Essay
Definition Essay
Exploratory Essay
Informal Essay
Narrative Essay
Persuasive Essay
Response Essay

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• That was the approach you are used to
understand topics in school.
• Don’t be afraid. I am not going to be so BORING.

• So, shell we begin visualizing essays in a different
perspective?
• If yes, be prepared to answer a couple of
questions.

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Q. 1:

Do you like
Golgappe?


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Do you like Golgappe?
• Funny!
• Isn’t it?
• What is common
between Golgappe
and Essays?
• Anyway, move on
to the next
question……

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Q. 2:
• Well! If some of you don’t like Golgappe,
replace this with Rasgulle, and answer this-

• Can you eat five Golgappe (Rasgulle)
at a time?
• Yes / No.

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Ans.:
• I think you cannot eat five Golgappe (or
Rasgulle) at one time.
• You eat these only one by one. First, second,
third…… and so and so forth.


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Lesson:
• That is the first aspect of writing an essay.
• Never try to write the whole essay in one go;
write it in step by step.

• Break your essay in several parts.


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Essay Breaking Examples• Introduction
• Body Text
– About the topic
– Its good points
– Its disadvantages

• Conclusion


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Introduction
• Does Introduction need any introduction?
• Tell me if you are asked to write an essay on
“My School”, what are going to be first twothree lines of it?


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• My school name is…..abcdef….?
• This is a good school.
• I read in …..abcdef…. School.
• It is located at ….abc Road……
• Or would you like to consider something
different?

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My School
• Basic education plays an important role in
developing good citizens for country.
• A good school is like a ‘processing plant’
where capabilities of a student are developed
and improved continuously.
• My school, “Name of Your School” is sincerely
fulfilling its responsibilities towards its goal to
a better nation.

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Introduction
• Never jump to main topic at once.
• Start at some other point, and slowly and
slowly come to the main subject.

• Remember, from something else, you have to
come to the point, and not follow the reverse
path, like in next example.


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• My school name is …..abcdef…..
• My school is very big. Airplane is also very big.
Airplane flies in the air. We breathe in air. Air is
very important for us to live. Studies are also very
important. So we go to our school. I go by bus to
my school. I like going to school and coming back
from school. It is the time in between I don’t like
much.
• Out of 10, how many marks you’d give to this
type of essay.

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Another Example: What are the various
sources and types of Air Pollution ?
• As a result of removal of natural vegetation, industrialization and
increase in the number of automobiles, the air over big cities is
heavily contaminated with dust, smoke and poisonous gases like
carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen.
• The contamination of air with dust, smoke and harmful gases,
which adversely affect human beings and other living organisms,
is called air pollution. The substances whose presence in air
produces air pollution are called air pollutants.
• Some of the major air pollutants are carbon monoxide, excess
carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, lower
organic molecules, dust and smoke. Polluted air produces a large
number of harmful effects on the living and non-living things.
• So Boring……




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• Remember• A good introduction must be able to create
readers interest in whatever you have written.
• It is the introduction on which the reader
usually decides whether to it read further or
not.

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What Not to write in Introduction
• Don’t apologize- no starting like- “In my
opinion” or “I may not be an expert, but….”
• Don’t begin with dictionary definitions.
• Don’t announce what you intend to do. “The
purpose of this essay is to….” or “I am going to
argue that….” should be avoided.


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Body Text
• Body text is the main part of essay.
• Here you need to be very clear, specific,
straightforward, and systematic.


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Body Text: Outline
• For more clear vision, let us divide body text
also in several heads. This is called outlining or
structuring.

• A few examples show this-


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Outline: My School
My school
• Strength (no. of students)
• Canteen…..
…….
…….!!!!
• No. of Teachers
• No. of Classrooms, laboratories etc.
• Recreational facilities
• Other achievements
• etc. etc.
• You may decide to write 1-2 or 3 lines on every
point.

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• Did you notice something?
• In outline or structure, you must have noticed
that the canteen is coming between students
and teachers.
• Does it look nice?
• No. But after writing outlines, you can change
the sequence of the outline points.


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My school
• Strength (no. of students)
• Canteen…..
…….
…….!!!!
• No. of Teachers
• No. of Classrooms, laboratories etc.
• Recreational facilities
• Other achievements
• etc. etc.
• You may decide to write 1-2-3 or more lines on
every point.

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• Before going further, take a break for a couple
of minutes and think if you would like to give
good marks to a student in essay where
canteen comes in between students and
teachers?


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• Well, while many of you are smiling, why
there are some faced who are looking sad?
• Remembering Golgappas!


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Body Text
• Flow (Readability)
• Flow is another important requirement in any
essay. While you read, you must be able to relate
each and every sentence with the earlier one.
• Read what you have written several times. If you
find it seems a little difficult, fragment some long
sentences or consider changing some words with
their synonyms.

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• In most of the lower classes, poor flow is the
general observation.
• After you write an essay, try to read by heart
several times to find out any flow problem.
• Examples….


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Example: If I were the principal of my school
• As the session begins, I would see to it that all the difficult subjects
are not taught one after the other. Science should be followed by
English and not by Maths. Sometimes the principals of schools have
a poor knowledge of what students like and they thrust a lot down
their throats without caring that they are not always receptive.
• I would encourage a lot of sports and extra curricular activities like
drama, music, painting, creative writing, clay modeling,
photography, horse riding, swimming, dancing, etc. This would keep
the students interested in coming to school and they would enjoy
their long hours of stay in school. When there are so many
interesting activities for the students, they remain happy and their
mind is able to absorb the lessons from the most difficult subjects
with greater case.


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Example: If I were the principal of my school

• As the session begins, I would see to it that all the
difficult subjects are not taught one after the
other. Science should be followed by English and
not by Maths. Sometimes the principals of
schools have a poor knowledge of what students
like and they thrust a lot down their throats
without caring that they are not always receptive.
• The above underlined matter gives a poor
readability (Poor Flow!).

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Grammar
• Grammar is extremely important.
• Grammar should not be confined to a single
sentence but to entire essay.
• How is it possible?


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Grammar (Examples)
• Today my parents were at hospital in Delhi.
They will visit my Uncle Raju because he had
an operation. My Uncle is feeling well now
and he will be home soon.
• Last Sunday, I was on the beach in Goa. I
sunbathed and went swimming because it was
sunny and hot. The beach was crowded and I
had a great time.

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Grammar (Examples)
• Today my parents were at hospital in Delhi.
They will visit my Uncle Raju because he had
an operation. My Uncle is feeling well now
and he will be home soon.
• Last Sunday, I was on the beach in Goa. I
sunbathed and went swimming because it was
sunny and hot. The beach was crowded and I
had a great time.

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• So far you have used grammar mainly to
sentences.
• A sentence may be grammatically correct, but
if its tense is not the same as per the theme, it
becomes incorrect.

• Always pay attention to tenses in sentences.

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Sample: Poor Use of Tenses

• I go to the store and I bought milk.
• I will eat fish for dinner and drank milk with
my dinner.


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Sample: Poor Use of Tenses
• I go to the store and I bought milk.
– Go is a present tense verb. Bought is a past tense verb.
Bought should be buy milk since these two events both
occur at the same time.

• I will eat fish for dinner and drank milk with
my dinner.
– Will eat is a future tense verb but drank is a past tense
verb. Since the dinner is going to happen in the future, it is
not possible that the milk was drunk already.


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Punctuation: Do I need to say more?


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Spellings
• Spellings should be always correct. If you are
in doubt, make a practice to refer to dictionary
regularly. This will help you a lot in later stage.

• Sometimes, wrong spellings may make a
sentence absurd. Be careful.


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Poor Use of Spellings


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Poor Spellings!


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Conclusions
• Conclusion is for giving a final impression of
your topic, essay and your views. In
conclusion, you may• Give a recommendation what the reader
should do after reading essay.
• Give a prediction about what will follow.
• End with a relevant quote.


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Finally…


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To write good
essays, you
must have….


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General Tricks
• Do not write in 1st person. (Avoid ”I”)
• Move from weakest point to strongest.
• Do not start a body / concluding paragraph with a
quotation.
• Always stick to tense.
• If you have time, put it aside for some time, and
revise.
• Read your essay aloud, as you are making a
speech. You will be able to find out some of the
errors.

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How to Write Good!
• In the next slide, you will see simple DO’s and
DON’Ts about how to write good.
• Each sentence is true, individually correct, but
as a whole, deny of what it itself is saying.
• May look like organizing a Chowmin-PizzaBurger party to spread the message against
fast foods.

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Practice
• Practice Well, before
you can say it……….

• Whenever stuck,
think……..

• GOLGAPPAs

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About the Author:
Born in 1968, D K Singhal is B.E., M.E. (Pulp & Paper, 1993) from Deptt. of Paper Technology,
University of Roorkee (now IIT, Roorkee). He was certified as Certified Energy Auditor in 2004
with Bureau of Energy Efficiency. In addition to practical experience in papermaking, project
planning, research and development, consultancy, automation etc.; energy conservation and
cost reduction have been his main areas of concern.

With nearly 6 dozen publications, he has emphasized on development of low cost
technologies and management practices for quality and profitability improvement. With
publications on energymanagertraining.com and paperonweb.com, he has been constantly
contributing to IPPTA. He is also serving IPPTA as a member of Editorial Board and Executive
Committee. With Chandpur Enterprises Ltd., development of quality MG poster paper on
carbon steel fabricated yankee cylinder, design, engineering, erection and commissioning of
surface winding on supercalender both for the first time in India, are some of his
achievements.
An initiative by D K Singhal, a cyber campaign initiated against unjustified targeting of paper
industry by “Idea” mobile, in their “Sirjee” advertisement campaign, after which this
advertisement was taken off air.
He has also moderated a Yahoo group, “PaperTechnology” with nearly 360 members from
India and abroad to discuss problems related to pulp & paper making.
He can be contacted at deveshksinghal@gmail.com

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