1. Oracle10g New Features – I
Denish Patel
Database Administrator
OmniTi Computer Consulting Inc.
à

2. Flashback Query
• Oracle9i
– We can see the value of the column at specific time.
• Oracle10g
– We can see value of data changes in a period
– Let's look at the Foreign Exchange Application: RATES
(Currency,rate)
SQL> select versions_starttime as v_starttime, versions_endtime as v_endtime, versions_xid as v_xid , versions_operation as v,
rate from rates versions between timestamp minvalue and maxvalue order by VERSIONS_STARTTIME ;
V_STARTTIME V_ENDTIME V_XID V RATE
----------------------------- ----------------------------- ----------------------- --- ---------------
26-JAN-09 11.58.37 AM 26-JAN-09 11.58.39 AM 0700190030030000 I 1.23183
26-JAN-09 11.58.37 AM 26-JAN-09 11.58.52 AM 02000F0039030000 U 1.23184
26-JAN-09 11.58.52 AM 26-JAN-09 11.59.01 AM 0700110031030000 U 1.23
26-JAN-09 11.59.01 AM 09000B00F2030000 D 1.23
26-JAN-09 11.59.16 AM 26-JAN-09 11.59.33 AM 04000E0041030000 I 1.23111
26-JAN-09 11.59.33 AM 0100190041030000 U 1.23112

3. Flashback Query
• Oracle10g
– FLASHBACK_TRANSACTION_QUERY
– Transaction ID gives more detailed SQL statement
– SQL > SELECT UNDO_SQL FROM
FLASHBACK_TRANSACTION_QUERY WHERE XID =
'04000E0041030000';
UNDO_SQL
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
insert into "DENISH"."RATES"("CURRENCY","RATE") values
('CAD','1.23111');

4. Flashback Table
• Reinstating an accidentally dropped table
SQL> select * from tab;
TNAME TABTYPE CLUSTERID
------------------------ ------- ----------
RECYCLETEST TABLE
Now, we accidentally drop the table:
SQL> drop table recycletest;
Table dropped.
Let's check the status of the table now.
SQL> select * from tab;
TNAME TABTYPE CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
BIN$04LhcpndanfgMAAAAAANPw==$0 TABLE

5. Flashback Table
• Recyclebin
SQL> show recyclebin
ORIGINAL NAME RECYCLEBIN NAME OBJECT TYPE DROP TIME
---------------- ------------------------------ ------------ ------------------
RECYCLETEST BIN$04LhcpndanfgMAAAAAANPw==$0 TABLE 2009-02-06:16:13:31
• Flash back table
SQL> FLASHBACK TABLE RECYCLETEST TO BEFORE DROP;
FLASHBACK COMPLETE.
SQL> SELECT * FROM TAB;
TNAME TABTYPE CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
RECYCLETEST TABLE
– Purge Recycle bin to free up space:
• PURGE RECYCLEBIN;
– Permanently drop table :
• DROP TABLE RECYCLETEST PURGE;

6. Flashback Table
• Bewarned
– Flashback table does not flash back
associated objects like indexes and triggers
SELECT OBJECT_NAME, ORIGINAL_NAME, TYPE FROM USER_RECYCLEBIN WHERE BASE_OBJECT =
(SELECT BASE_OBJECT FROM USER_RECYCLEBIN WHERE ORIGINAL_NAME =
'RECYCLETEST') AND ORIGINAL_NAME != 'RECYCLETEST';
OBJECT_NAME ORIGINAL_N TYPE
------------------------------ ---------- --------
BIN$04LhcpnianfgMAAAAAANPw==$0 IN_RT_01 INDEX
BIN$04LhcpnganfgMAAAAAANPw==$0 TR_RT TRIGGER
• Recover associated objects
– ALTER INDEX "BIN$04LhcpnianfgMAAAAAANPw==$0" RENAME TO IN_RT_01;
– ALTER TRIGGER "BIN$04LhcpnganfgMAAAAAANPw==$0" RENAME TO TR_RT;

7. Rollback Monitoring
• How long will it take to rollback the transaction ?
• Oracle9i
SELECT USED_UREC FROM v$TRANSACTION;
You can calculate it by running above SQL
multiple times and manually calculating the rate of
release of undo records.
• Oracle10g,
SELECT time_remaining FROM
V$SESSION_LONGOPS WHERE SID=?;

8. SQL> set serveroutput on size 999999
SQL> exec print_table('select * from v$session_longops where sid = 9')
SID :9
SERIAL# : 68
OPNAME : Transaction Rollback
TARGET :
TARGET_DESC : xid:0x000e.01c.00000067
SOFAR : 10234
TOTALWORK : 20554
UNITS : Blocks
START_TIME : 01-jan-2009 16:20:07
LAST_UPDATE_TIME : 01-jan-2009 16:21:24
TIME_REMAINING : 77
ELAPSED_SECONDS : 77
CONTEXT :0
MESSAGE : Transaction Rollback: xid:0x000e.01c.00000067 :10234 out of 20554 Blocks done
USERNAME : DENISH
SQL_ADDRESS : 00000003B719ED08
SQL_HASH_VALUE : 1430203031
SQL_ID : 306w9c5amyanr
QCSID :0

9. Tablespace Management
• Advantages of Tablespace:
– Limited database segment maintenance using
online and offline tablespaces
– Transportable Tablespaces
– Allocation of extents per objects per
tablespaces
• Oracle 10g Features...
– Default tablespace management
ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE <tsname>;
– Renaming a Tablespace
ALTER TABLESPACE <oldname> RENAME TO
<newname>;

10. Data Pump
• EXPORT/IMPORT
– INSERT INTO
• Data Pump
– Proprietary APIs to load and unload data
– All I/O done on server!
– 10-15 Times Faster than Export
– 5 times faster than Import
– Extract Specific Types: INCLUDE, EXCLUDE
• expdp denish/pass directory=DPDATA1
dumpfile=expprocs.dmp include=PROCEDURE
• expdp denish/pass directory=DPDATA1
dumpfile=expprocs.dmp
include=PROCEDURE:"='PROC1'",FUNCTION:"='FU
NC1'"
• impdp denish/pass directory=DPDATA1

11. Data Pump
• Normal Operation (single thread)
– SQL > create directory dpdata1 as 'C:dpdata1';
– SQL > grant read, write on directory dpdata1 to denish;
– C:>expdp denish/password tables=TEST
directory=DPDATA1 dumpfile=expTEST.dmp
job_name=TEST_EXPORT
• Parallel Operation (Multi Thread)
– expdp ananda/abc123 tables=CASES directory=DPDATA1
dumpfile=expCASES_%U.dmp parallel=4
job_name=Cases_Export

12. Data Pump
• Normal Operation (single thread)
– SQL > create directory dpdata1 as 'C:dpdata1';
– SQL > grant read, write on directory dpdata1 to denish;
– C:>expdp denish/password tables=TEST
directory=DPDATA1 dumpfile=expTEST.dmp
job_name=TEST_EXPORT
• Parallel Operation (Multi Thread)
– expdp ananda/abc123 tables=CASES directory=DPDATA1
dumpfile=expCASES_%U.dmp parallel=4
job_name=Cases_Export

13. Export Monitoring
Data Pump
Select sid,serial#,sofar,totalwork
Export> status
Job: CASES_EXPORT from v$session_longops
Operation: EXPORT
where opname='TEST_EXPORT'
Mode: TABLE
State: EXECUTING and sofar!=totalwork;
Degree: 1
Job Error Count: 0
Dump file: C:dpdata01expTEST.dmp
bytes written = 2048
Worker 1 Status:
State: EXECUTING
Object Schema: DENISH
Object Name: TEST
Object Type: TABLE_EXPORT/TBL_TABLE_DATA/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Completed Objects: 1
Total Objects: 1
Completed Rows: 4687818

14. RMAN
• Incremental backup
– Oracle9i
• Scans all blocks
– Oracle10g
• Analogous to journals in filesystems
• Tracks changed blocks
– alter database enable block change tracking
using file 'c:rman_bkupschange.log';
• Disable Tracking
– alter database disable block change tracking;
• Verify Tracking is Enabled?
– Select filename, status from
v$block_change_tracking;

15. RMAN
• Incremental Merge
• Let's say you have the following backup schedule:
– Sunday - Level 0 (full), with tag level_0
– Monday - Level 1 (incremental) with tag level_1_mon
– Tuesday - Level 1 (incremental) with tag level_1_tue
• Oracle9i
– If database fails on Saturday – Apply level_0 and apply all
6 incrementals
• Oracle10
– RMAN> backup incremental level_1 for recover of copy
with tag level_0 database;

16. RMAN
• Compressed Files
– RMAN> backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1
database;
– RMAN can read the files without uncompressing.
• Recovery Preview
– Ability to see backups
• RMAN> restore database preview;
• RMAN> restore tablespace users preview;

17. Auditing
• Oracle9i
• FGA – Fine Grained Auditing
– Column level audit
– Audit condition (i.e balace >10000)
• Captures “Who” not “What”
• Triggers to capture “What”

18. Auditing
• Oracle10g
• Possible to Audit What
– Supports bind variables
– audit_trail=db_extended
• AUDIT update on SCOTT.EMP by access;
• View DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
• Additional info i.e SCN, XID
• Lots of rollback transactions?
– Use Trigger

19. Data Guard

20. RAC

21. References
• Oracle10g New Features Guide
– http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/articles/10gdba/index.html
• Oracle10g – 2 Day DBA
– http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14196/toc.htm
• Oracle10g Online Books
– http://www.oracle.com/pls/db102/homepage

22. Questions?