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The Constitution
I. The Constitution as a Framework for
                  Government
• A. The Preamble—introduction to the Constitution
  that identifies certain ideas that the government
  should stand for; states purpose of the document
I. The Constitution as a Framework for
                  Government

• B. The Articles—Seven Sections that follow
  the Preamble
  – 1. Article One —structure, power, responsibilities
    of Legislative Branch, the qualifications for
    members, elections and terms of office
     • a. Structure of Congress—bicameral legislature
       (House and Senate)
I. The Constitution as a Framework for
              Government
 • b. Powers of Congress—Enumerated (Expressed: named
   specifically in the Constitution)
    –   i. Passes laws
    –   ii. Regulates interstate commerce and international trade
    –   iii. Declares war
    –   iv. Coins money
    –   v. Raise and support the army
    –   vi. Establish a postal system
    –   vii. Assists the President in foreign affairs
    –   viii. Approves the President’s appointments to high office
I. The Constitution as a Framework for
              Government
 • c. Powers of Congress— Implied powers —provided by
   the “necessary and proper clause”
    – Also referred to as the “elastic clause”
 • d. impeachment- one of Congress’s powers is the
   power to impeach- to accuse a government official of
   wrongdoing, put them on trial, and if necessary remove
   them from office
I. The Constitution as a Framework for
               Government
– 2. Article Two—structure, power, responsibilities of the
  Executive Branch
   • a. Outlines the Electoral College
   • b. Details the powers of the President
       – i. Commander of the armed forces
       – ii. Makes treaties
       – iii. Appoints certain government officials
       – iv. Issues pardon
       – V. Veto laws
I. The Constitution as a Framework for
               Government
– 3. Article Three—structure, powers,
  responsibilities of the Judicial Branch (Supreme
  Court and Federal Court System)—Prevents the
  other branches from violating the Constitution
   • a. lists the powers of the Supreme Court and describes
     the kinds of cases they may hear
I. The Constitution as a Framework for
               Government
– 4. Article Four—explains the relationship between the
  states and national government
   • a. Article IV says that all states must respect each
     other’s laws, court decisions, and records
       – Full Faith and Credit Clause
   • b. It also explains the process of creating new states
     and it promises that the federal government will
     protect and defend the states
I. The Constitution as a Framework for
                  Government
5. Article Five—explains the process for amending the
   Constitution
     • Amending the Constitution
        – 1. Step #1—Proposing Amendments
             » a. Method #1—2/3 of the members of both houses vote to
               propose an amendment
             » b. Method #2—national convention requested by 2/3 of the state
               legislatures vote to propose an amendment
        – 2. Step #2—Ratification
             » a. Method #1—3/4 of the state legislatures vote to approve
             » b. Method #2—3/4 of a vote in state conventions vote to approve
I. The Constitution as a Framework for
               Government
– 6. Article Six—discusses general provisions about
  the government
   • Supremacy clause – the Constitution and federal
     laws are supreme laws when in conflict with the
     states
– 7. Article Seven—states that the Constitution will
  go into effect once nine states have ratified it.
II. Principles of the Constitution
• A. Popular Sovereignty —the people have the
  right to govern themselves
  – voting and free elections
II. Principles of the Constitution
• B. Separation of Powers —breaking
  government into separate each branch
  different powers and responsibilities
  – 1. Montesquieu
  – 2. Purpose is to help prevent abuses of power
  – 3. 3 branches of government
        – i. Legislative Branch (Congress)
        – ii. Executive Branch (President)
        – iii. Judicial Branch (Supreme Court)
The constitution
II. Principles of the Constitution
• C. Limited Government —government’s
  power will have certain limits in order to
  preserve individual rights
  – the Bill of Rights- first 10 Amendments that
    protect individual liberties
II. Principles of the Constitution
• D. Federalism —system in which the national (federal)
  government and state governments share power
   – 1. Enumerated (Delegated Powers) —powers given to the
     Federal Government
   – 2. Reserved Powers —powers granted to the states
   – 3. Concurrent Powers —powers shared by the states and the
     federal government
   – 4. “Supremacy Clause”
II. Principles of the Constitution
• E. Rule of Law
  – 1. The law applies to everyone, even those who
    govern.
  – “You must first enable the government to control
    the governed, and in the next place oblige it to
    control itself.” –James Madison

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The constitution

  • 2. I. The Constitution as a Framework for Government • A. The Preamble—introduction to the Constitution that identifies certain ideas that the government should stand for; states purpose of the document
  • 3. I. The Constitution as a Framework for Government • B. The Articles—Seven Sections that follow the Preamble – 1. Article One —structure, power, responsibilities of Legislative Branch, the qualifications for members, elections and terms of office • a. Structure of Congress—bicameral legislature (House and Senate)
  • 4. I. The Constitution as a Framework for Government • b. Powers of Congress—Enumerated (Expressed: named specifically in the Constitution) – i. Passes laws – ii. Regulates interstate commerce and international trade – iii. Declares war – iv. Coins money – v. Raise and support the army – vi. Establish a postal system – vii. Assists the President in foreign affairs – viii. Approves the President’s appointments to high office
  • 5. I. The Constitution as a Framework for Government • c. Powers of Congress— Implied powers —provided by the “necessary and proper clause” – Also referred to as the “elastic clause” • d. impeachment- one of Congress’s powers is the power to impeach- to accuse a government official of wrongdoing, put them on trial, and if necessary remove them from office
  • 6. I. The Constitution as a Framework for Government – 2. Article Two—structure, power, responsibilities of the Executive Branch • a. Outlines the Electoral College • b. Details the powers of the President – i. Commander of the armed forces – ii. Makes treaties – iii. Appoints certain government officials – iv. Issues pardon – V. Veto laws
  • 7. I. The Constitution as a Framework for Government – 3. Article Three—structure, powers, responsibilities of the Judicial Branch (Supreme Court and Federal Court System)—Prevents the other branches from violating the Constitution • a. lists the powers of the Supreme Court and describes the kinds of cases they may hear
  • 8. I. The Constitution as a Framework for Government – 4. Article Four—explains the relationship between the states and national government • a. Article IV says that all states must respect each other’s laws, court decisions, and records – Full Faith and Credit Clause • b. It also explains the process of creating new states and it promises that the federal government will protect and defend the states
  • 9. I. The Constitution as a Framework for Government 5. Article Five—explains the process for amending the Constitution • Amending the Constitution – 1. Step #1—Proposing Amendments » a. Method #1—2/3 of the members of both houses vote to propose an amendment » b. Method #2—national convention requested by 2/3 of the state legislatures vote to propose an amendment – 2. Step #2—Ratification » a. Method #1—3/4 of the state legislatures vote to approve » b. Method #2—3/4 of a vote in state conventions vote to approve
  • 10. I. The Constitution as a Framework for Government – 6. Article Six—discusses general provisions about the government • Supremacy clause – the Constitution and federal laws are supreme laws when in conflict with the states – 7. Article Seven—states that the Constitution will go into effect once nine states have ratified it.
  • 11. II. Principles of the Constitution • A. Popular Sovereignty —the people have the right to govern themselves – voting and free elections
  • 12. II. Principles of the Constitution • B. Separation of Powers —breaking government into separate each branch different powers and responsibilities – 1. Montesquieu – 2. Purpose is to help prevent abuses of power – 3. 3 branches of government – i. Legislative Branch (Congress) – ii. Executive Branch (President) – iii. Judicial Branch (Supreme Court)
  • 14. II. Principles of the Constitution • C. Limited Government —government’s power will have certain limits in order to preserve individual rights – the Bill of Rights- first 10 Amendments that protect individual liberties
  • 15. II. Principles of the Constitution • D. Federalism —system in which the national (federal) government and state governments share power – 1. Enumerated (Delegated Powers) —powers given to the Federal Government – 2. Reserved Powers —powers granted to the states – 3. Concurrent Powers —powers shared by the states and the federal government – 4. “Supremacy Clause”
  • 16. II. Principles of the Constitution • E. Rule of Law – 1. The law applies to everyone, even those who govern. – “You must first enable the government to control the governed, and in the next place oblige it to control itself.” –James Madison