Topic 12 the person and others

DANILO F. MARIBAO
PALIPARAN III SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
DASMARINAS CITY, CAVITE
THE PERSON
AND OTHERS

1. Every one must have a record of his own
score.
2. You have now 5 points each before the
discussion begins.
3. You have an addition points as you
participate with our discussion.
4. Individual score must be pass after the class.

1. refers to a person taking control of
his or her own life and fulfilling one’s
potential.

2. Freedom from external restrain,
barriers, and other inferences from
other people.

3. Upholds the preservation of
individuals rights and stresses the role
of the government in protecting civil
liberties.

4. Refers to the capacity of a person to
act and exert control over his or her
behavior.

5. Believes that society imposes
certain controls on people, and
that a person’s social group
largely influences how he think
or acts.

Let’s Ponder
Think of the people you encounter
everyday. Identify the person to
whom you are mostly likely to say
the following statements. Write
their name on the blanks and your
relations.

“How are you today?” ________________
“ Did your hear the latest news_________
“I just came back from a party last night.”
__________________________
“What do you think I should do with my
life?”_________________________
“I appreciate everything you have done for
me.” _________________________
Without you my life will have no meaning.”
_______________________

Questions:
1. What sets apart the people whom you
are close to from the casual
acquaintances in your life?
2. Whom are the people that you
consider the easiest to relate to?
Whom do you find difficult to get along
with?
3. What does having a meaningful
relationship with others mean to you?

Human have the natural and universal
tendency to relate, to establish
attachments, and seek close
relationships with other people.

How does an individual relate with
other person?
Existentialism and phenomenology
are the major philosophical branches
that devote much discussion on the
concept of interpersonal relations.

These philosophies relate the concept
of interpersonal relations to self-
awareness and transcendence.
The individual is primarily aware of
himself or herself, and it is this
egocentric perspective that defines
how he or she perceives and relate to
reality.

This awareness of individuality is called
the “self”.
Existentialist – defines interpersonal
relations as the “self” being aware on
himself or herself.
The “other” generally refers to objects
outside of personal experience.

Philosophers refer to other individuals
apart from self.
In other words, an individual is
naturally aware of himself as a distinct
being (self) and yet he is also aware
that there are other being apart from
him (the other).

Intersubjectivity – a
philosophical concept that refer
to interaction between the self
and the other.
Which is the shared awareness
and understanding among
persons.

Evident in every social interactions:
• Ability to agree and cooperate
• Shared common knowledge
• Consensus
• Shared emotions (grief, joy & love)

Levels of self-other interaction:
1. Simple awareness of the existence of
the other.
2. Uniqueness from other beings
3. Exist outside of our own awareness
or perception.

Deeper Level:
1. Awareness of being seen by others
2. Strangers looking at your direction
3. Someone is staring at you is aware
of you as a person.
Self-Consciousness – is considered by
philosophers as a defining
characteristics of the self-other
relationship.

Now imagine that the person is not a
stranger but someone familiar: a family
member, a friend even your crush.
This awareness of the person staring at
you will initially result in feelings of
consciousness, even shame.

Questions will begin running in your
head such as:
“What he or she thinking when he or
she looks at me”
“Am I doing something wrong”
“Is there something wrong with the
way I look?”

Seeming – referred by
Martin Buber as
individual presents
himself in a certain way
when dealing with
others.

This is considered as an
unconscious, natural act on the part
of humans.
However, there may be instances
when people behave a certain way
in order to intentionally deceive or
manipulate other people.

Dialogue – much deeper level of
interaction that refers to a genuine
relationship established among
individuals.
It is made possible when self
realizes that the other is a genuine
and unique individual.

When two individuals begin to
view each other as an other –
that is, truly acknowledging
each other’s presence – then
that is the beginning of an
authentic relationship and a
dialogue.

How do relationship define the human
person?
Constructivist Theory of Knowledge –
shape knowledge and truth within a
certain society.
Phenomenologist argue that shape
experience between persons can shape
the perception of reality.

People often remember events more
vividly when they are shared with
other people, and in many cases, the
views of a person regarding an event
can be shaped by the views of the
people he or she is with.

Jean-Paul Sartre considers human
relationship as frustrating and are
often inauthentic and ambiguous.

* Humans tend to view others
as a means to achieve certain
desires.
Alienation –where an individual
ceases to view the other as a
distinct and authentic person, and
considers him as a mere object.

Karl Marx believes
that alienation gives
rise to the
exploitation of
people.

Other Philosophers who have
positive view of human interaction
and believe that humans seek and
are able to achieve and maintain
genuine.

Edith Stein defines the
self-other relationship
as being driven by
empathy – the
awareness that the
other is a person with
thoughts and feelings.

Edmund Husserl
believes that
intersubjectivity is more
than just shared
understanding, but it is
the capability to put
oneself “ in the place
where the other is.

Gabriel Marcel
defines genuine
relationship based
on availability or
the willingness of a
person to be
present and be at
the disposal of
another.

Martin Buber
considers human
existence as a
continual dialogue
with the other, and
that the self becomes
whole through
interaction with
nature, other people,
and with God.

Ethics of Care emphasizes the moral
dimension of relationships and
interactions.
This moral perspective encourages
individuals to see to the needs of
other people, most especially the
vulnerable.

How does Christianity define
interpersonal relations?
• Fellowship
• Love one another
• Support each other
• Minister to one another

Ideal Relationship
The union between man and woman
Frustration
Disobedience of Adam and Eve
Killing of Abel by Cain
Violated the Covenant of Fellowship

Despite of mankind’s tendency to sin
God has numerous times reiterated his
original covenant.
• Noah’s Salvation from Great Flood
• Abraham’s journey to promise land
• Deliverance of the Israelites from Egypt
• Ten Commandments
• God’s Promise to David

• New Testament, Jesus Christ has
redefined God’s Covenant through
his Death and Resurrection
“love your neighbor as yourself”
(Mark 12:31)
“do unto others what you would have
them do unto to you” (Matthew 7:12)

Think: Write the names of four people
with whom you have a genuine
relationship. Inside the spaces
provided, write how they have
contributed to your growth as a
person.

Question:
1. perspective that defines how
he or she perceives and relate
to reality.

2. Defines interpersonal
relations as the “self” being
aware on himself or herself.
Question:

3. A philosophical concept
that refer to interaction
between the self and the
other.
Question:

4. Considers human
relationship as frustrating and
are often inauthentic and
ambiguous.
Question:

5. The awareness that the
other is a person with thoughts
and feelings.
Question:

1. Egocentric
ANSWER:
2. Existentialist
3. Intersubjectivity
4. Jean-Paul Sartre
5. Empathy

1. How is one able to achieve a genuine
relationship with God?
2. How will you be able to live out the
concepts of intersubjectivity, empathy,
availability and dialogue in your life.
3. In what way can you use your
knowledge of intersubjectivity to foster
harmonious relationship within your
family and community?
Write your Reflection:

Topic 12 the person and others

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Topic 12 the person and others