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M. DADAN KURNIAWAN
METABOLISME LIPID
• 3 jalur metabolisme LIPID :
• 1. Jalur eksogen (Ekstra hepatik)
• 2. Jalur endogen (Intra Hepatik)
• 3. Jalur Choleterol Reverse Transport (CRT)
Jalur EKSOGEN
JALUR ENDOGEN
Jalur CRT
STATIN
• HMG Co-A Reductase Inhibitor
• SIMVASTATIN
• ATORVASTATIN
• ROSUVASATTIN
• EFEK SAMPING :
• - myopati, >> enzim
hati, >> CK,
Fibromyalgia
Bile acid sequestran

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Metabolisme Lipid, Statins, dan Bile Acid Sequestran

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Jadi ada 3 jalur dari metabolisme lipid : Jalur ekso dan endogen merupakan jalur untuk metabolisme LDL Sdangkan jalur CRT untuk metabolisme dari HDL
  2. JALUR EKSOGEN - Jadi, kolesterol dan TG itu berasal dari makanan yang masuk ke usus, dan kolesterol juga berasal dari Asam empedu - Koleterol dan TG akan masuk ke sel Usus Hasul melalui reseptor NCP1L1 yang ada di usus, - TG saat masuk akan berubah menjadi FFA, sedangkat kolesterol tidak berubah - Selanjutnya FFA akan dirubah lagi menjadi TG, dan kolesterol akan menjadi kolesterol ester - Keduanya spy bisa beredar ke darah, maka harus berikatan dengan Apoprotein dan lipoprotein. -> membentuk KILOMIKRON - Kilomikron ini akan di ederakan melalui saluran limfe -> duktus torasikus ->ke aliran darah DI DALAM PEMBULUH DARAH : Kilomikron (TG + Kolsterol) -> TG di hidrolisis o/ Enzim Lipoprotein Lipase (disekresi oleh endotel), dan kolesterol akan tetap (tidak dihidrolisis) Sehingga menjadi Kilomikron Remnant yaitu kilomikron yang rendah TG dan Tinggi Kolesterol Kilomikron Remmnant -> ke Hepar
  3. JALUR ENDOGEN - TG dan Kolesterol akan disintesis di Hepar Awalnya si kolesterol ini di bentuk dari proses ( Asetat -> HMG Co-A-> (melalui enzim HMG Reductase) -> Asam Mevalonat -> kolesterol ) TG dan kolesterol untuk beredar di liran darah perlu Apo B100 + Lipo —> VLDL (tinggi TG + sedikit Kolesterol) VLDL —> terhidrolisis TG nya o/ Enzim lipoprotein lipase -> IDL (jumlah TG = kolesterol) —> terhidrolisis lagi —> LDL (Tinggi Kolesterol , rendah TG) 1. LDL akan di angkut o/ HDL ke Hepar, 2. LDL akan berikatan dengan jaringan yang mempunyai reseptor LDL (adrenal, Testis, ovarium), 3. LDL akan mengalami Oksidasi (tinggi terjadinya pada sindrom metabolik dan DM) -> menempel di resepter di makrofag -> di makan oleh makrofag -> Foam Cell
  4. Jalur ini berkaitan dengan pembentukan HDL HDL di sintesis olh Hepar dan Usus —> HDL Immature ( kolesterol sedikit, TG tidak ada, + Apo A, Apo B, Apo, E ) HDL ini akan mendekati foam cell untuk mengambil kolesterol/ LDL untuk berikatan dengan HDL —> terbentuklah HDL Mature HDL Mature (Tinggi Kolesterol + Apoprotein) Kolesterol yang ada pada HDL mature ini akan mengalami esterifikasi -> kolesterol Ester -> HEPAR Dan Kolesterol Ester ini akan saling bertukar dengan VLDL (barter TG dan kolesterol ) —> selanjutnya akan di bawa ke Hepar