2016 Carnegie Mellon PhD Defense Presentation (two more to go!). Why are we focused on shortening cycle times? What is the effect on our abilities to work? What forms of social practice can help create new temporal social epistemologies? Are their different epistemologies for the differing part of tripartite time?

1. Temporally Informed
Transition
Design
Joshua Bloom
PhD Candidate
Carnegie Mellon University

2. If the moon, in the act of completing its eternal
way around the Earth, were gifted with self-
consciousness, it would feel thoroughly
convinced that it was traveling its way of its own
accord…. So would a Being, endowed with higher
insight and more perfect intelligence, watching
man and his doings, smile about man’s illusion
that he was acting according to his own free will.
-Einstein
Albert Einstein, 'About Free Will,' The Golden Book of Tagore (1931), 1990 reprint, p. 12.

3. Since there exists in this four dimensional
structure [space-time] no longer any sections
which represent "now" objectively, the concepts
of happening and becoming are indeed not
completely suspended, but yet complicated. It
appears therefore more natural to think of
physical reality as a four dimensional existence,
instead of, as hitherto, the evolution of a three
dimensional existence.
-Einstein
RELATIVITY AND THE PROBLEM OF SPACE From the revised edition of Relativity, the Special and the General Theory: A Popular Exposition.
Einstein, Albert (2010-12-29). Ideas And Opinions (p. 360). Crown/Archetype. Kindle Edition.

4. Spacial Metaphors of
Time
Nunez, Rafael E. (1999). Could the future taste purple? Reclaiming mind, body and cognition. _Journal of Consciousness Studies_ 6 (11-12):11-12.

5. The time of the
philosophers does
not exist.
-Einstein

6. E=MC2
omnitemporal
omnispacial
In a world totalized by rationality there is no time
Durable
Repeatable

7. Seen from the viewpoint of man,
who always lives in the interval
between past and future, time is
not a continuum, a flow of
uninterrupted succession; it is
broken in the middle, at the point
where “he” stands; and “his”
standpoint is not the present as we
usually understand it but rather a
gap in time…
-Hannah Arendt
Arendt, Hannah; Kohn, Jerome (2006-09-26). Between Past and Future (Penguin Classics) (p. 10). Penguin Publishing Group. Kindle Edition.

8. PAST FUTUREPRESENT

9. What is Present
is That Which is
Indeterminate

10. The engineer, and
more generally
the designer, is
concerned with
how things ought
to be—how they
ought to be in
order to attain
goals, and to
function.
Natural science
has found a way
to exclude the
normative and
to concern itself
solely with how
things are.
Simon, Herbert A. (1996-09-26). The Sciences of the Artificial (pp. 4-5). The MIT Press. Kindle Edition.
THE ARTIFICIAL
-Herbert Simon

11. CONTINGENT
CONTINGENCIES
The world-as-artificial consists of an array of
configurations, but these do not constitute a
regime of “fact” (law) but only (yet what is the
status of this “only”?) more or less persistent
propositions concerning what could-be.
-Clive Dilnot
Fry, Tony; Dilnot, Clive; Stewart, Susan (2015-02-26). Design and the Question of History (Design, Histories, Futures) (Kindle Locations 4016-4017). Bloomsbury Publishing.
Kindle Edition.

12. PRESENTTO THE
COLLAPSE

13. The twin phenomena of immediacy
and of instantaneity are presently
one of the most pressing problems
confronting political and military
strategists alike. Real time now
prevails above both real space and
the geosphere.
-Paul Virilio
Virilio, Paul. "Speed and information: Cyberspace alarm!." Ctheory (2015): 8-27.

14. BOUNDED
RATIONALITY
-Herbert Simon
Simon, Herbert A. (1996-09-26). The Sciences of the Artificial (p. 157). The MIT Press. Kindle Edition.
computational
Bounded rationality. The meaning of rationality
in situations where the complexity of the
environment is immensely greater than the
computational powers of the adaptive system.

15. Simon, Herbert A. (1996-09-26). The Sciences of the Artificial (p. 157). The MIT Press. Kindle Edition.
we are unable to think
coherently about the
remote future, and
particularly about the
distant consequences
of our actions.
Thus the events and prospective
events that enter into our value
systems are all dated, and the
importance we attach to them
generally drops off sharply with
their distance in time… If our
decisions depended equally upon
their remote and their proximate
consequences, we could never
act but would be forever lost in
thought. By applying a heavy
discount factor to events,
attenuating them with their
remoteness in time and space, we
reduce our problems of choice to
a size commensurate with our
limited computing capabilities.
-Herbert Simon

16. Boyd, John, R., The Essence of Winning and Losing, 28 June 1995 a five slide set by Boyd.
an evolving,
open-ended,
far-from-
equilibrium
process of
self-
organization,
emergence,
and natural
selection
-John Boyd

17. SAMPLE
RATE

18. http://www.economist.com/node/21547988
within a nanosecond, or one-billionth of a second
High Frequency

19. PA
S D
BL
M
uild
easure
earn

20. Constraints work, then, by
modifying either a system's
phase space or the probability
distribution of events and
movements within that space.
Since actions are lower, motor-
level implementations of higher-
level intentional causes,
reconceptualizing mental
causation in terms of top-down,
context-sensitive dynamical
constraints can radically recast
our thinking about action.
Alicia Juarrero. Dynamics in Action: Intentional Behavior as a Complex System (Kindle Location 138)

21. enabling constraintssense making a
bridge
PAST PRESENT FUTURE
governing
constraints
(dispositions)

22. COMPLEX TEMPORAL
DESIGN
Temporally
Informed
Transition
Design
indeterminacy

23. Design has a key role
to play in societal
transitions to more
sustainable futures
Interconnected and
interdependent
‘systems problems’,
exist at multiple
levels of scale within
the social and
environmental
spheres
[Designers need to]
understand
how to work
iteratively, at multiple
levels of scale, over
long horizons of time
COMPLEX TEMPORAL DESIGN
TEMPORALLY INFORMED
TRANSITION DESIGN
TEMPORAL
COMPLEXITY

24. During walking, two different situations
arise in sequence: the statically stable
double-support phase in which the
mechanism is supported on both feet
simultaneously, and statically unstable
single-support phase, when only one
foot of the mechanism is in contact
with the ground while the other is being
transferred from the back to front
positions. Thus, the locomotion
mechanism changes its structure during
a single walking cycle from an open to
a closed kinematic chain.
Zero-Moment Point - Thirty Five Years of its Life
Miomir Vukobratović and Branislav Borovac, 2005

25. Developing organisms are complex
systems composed of
very many individual elements
embedded within, and open to, a
complex environment.
Development as a dynamic system
Linda B. Smith and Esther Thelen

26. CRISIS
Options
Fear
Stabilization

27. Stabilization
Empirical Theory
Recover
Integrate
Dispositionality
Nudging, Tipping
Staging
Scenario Planning
Emergence
Longitudinal Study
Design Research FOR
Transition
Design Research IN
Transition
Design Research OF
Transition
Designing in the
situated gap
between pasts and
futures

28. Always Already Now Next Not Yet
Dispositional Prospective
Retrospective Coherence
How do I make sense of
Now based in the past
Prospective Coherence
What will I need to make
sense of in a future?

29. we seem to be neither
equipped nor prepared for
this activity of thinking, of
settling down in the gap
between past and future.
-Hannah Arendt
Arendt, Hannah; Kohn, Jerome (2006-09-26). Between Past and Future (Penguin Classics) (p. 10). Penguin Publishing Group. Kindle Edition.

30. Jaques, E. (1989) Requisite organization. Virginia: Cason Hall.
Shove, Elizabeth, Mika Pantzar, and Matt Watson. The
dynamics of social practice: everyday life and how it
changes. Sage Publications, 2012.

31. sequencing
&
synchronization

32. Intentional Time
(estimation)
objective time
subjective time
atemporal time
non-emergent outcomes
temporal time
emergent outcomes
{Are these
the same
length?

33. Priorities- Temporal
Sequencing
Nunez, Rafael E. (1999). Could the future taste purple? Reclaiming mind, body and cognition. _Journal of Consciousness Studies_ 6 (11-12):11-12.

34. What Social Practices can
enable thinking longer Time
Spans?

35. The Quantized Self
sequenced!
synchronized!
rhythmic!

36. Design never comes to rest as
product, it is always futural and
as such it either futures or
defutures. Finitudinally framed,
it makes time or takes it away.
-Tony Fry
circumstances that are ‘overdetermined’
Tony Fry (2011) Time and the Political: Post-Urban Futures, Chronophobia
and Unsettlement, Design Philosophy Papers, 9:2, 93-101

37. ENDJoshua Bloom
PhD Candidate
Carnegie Mellon University
jabe@cmu.edu
@cyetain