1. The elements and principles
of art are guidelines
that help artists create artworks

2. The Elements of Art

3. The Principles of Art

4. You do not need to understand the
elements and principles of art to
appreciate a work of art.

5. You need the elements and
principles of art to know why
you appreciate a work of art.

6. This presentation will focus on
these elements and principles:
Pattern
Rhythm
Texture

7. A pattern is a repetition of one or
more elements.

8. Pattern has two main functions
in art and design:
To organize or unify an area
or object
To provide visual enrichment
and interest

9. Every pattern involves the
repeated use of a basic unit.
The unit that
repeats is
called a
motif.

10. Every pattern involves the
repeated use of a basic unit.
There are two
motifs present
in this design.
One is
repeated three
times.

11. Every pattern involves the
repeated use of a basic unit.
The other motif
is repeated four
times.

12. A module is a
three-dimensional motif.
Each book in
this sculpture is
a module.
The modules
create a pattern.

13. Most visual
patterns are
planned.
A planned pattern is a
precise, regular
repetition of motifs.
The simplest pattern is
achieved by repeating
a motif in a single row
or along several
similar rows or
columns.

14. A grid pattern is formed by intersecting
vertical and horizontal lines or shapes.

15. A grid pattern
is formed by
intersecting
vertical and
horizontal lines
or shapes.
An overall grid
pattern
provides equal
emphasis
throughout a
design.

16. Grid patterns are not limited to
left and right or up and down

17. Designs made simply of linear or
grid patterns can be rigid or
monotonous.
To make a more complicated or interesting
design the placement of motifs within a pattern
may be manipulated.
Ways to do this include using
Half-Drop, Alternating, Radial or Random
patterns.

18. A half-drop
design lowers
each row half
the height of
the row above
it.
A half-drop design
creates a pattern
that seems to have a
wavy movement.

19. Alternating patterns
are similar to
half-drop designs,
but are much less
rigid.
Alternating patterns are
not limited to equal
spacing or motifs,
but are planned and
organized
logically & consistently.

20. Radial Patterns
are based on a
branching out
from a central
point.
Radial patterns are
generally active and
structurally strong.
They speed up our
eye movement as we
follow the motifs in, out
and around the pattern.

21. Random patterns are created by chance
and without organization.
The lack of a rigid plan often
contributes a feeling of
wildness or energy to a design.

22. Borders and bands are used to emphasize
the edge of a form or to highlight a particular
area.
Borders and bands can make a composition
visually stronger. They may add a color, shape, or
texture that adds contrast and increase interest.

23. Borders and bands are used to emphasize the
edge of a form or to highlight a particular area.
They can also lend elegance and individuality
to a design.

24. Visual Rhythm is the arrangement of
elements to shows movement.
Elements are combined to create a series of regular
pauses for the viewer’s eyes, creating a rhythm.
Compositional movement is the path a viewer’s gaze is
directed due to the arrangement of elements
in an artwork.

25. Types of Rhythm
Regular Rhythm –
creates a repeated
pattern that is
both predictable
and continuous.

26. Types of Rhythm
Flowing Rhythm –
produces
compositional
movement along a
definite path.
This motion creates a
flowing rhythm that
is continuous, without
sudden change in
direction.

27. Types of Rhythm
Alternating
Rhythm - has
two or more
different
motifs that
repeat
regularly.

28. Types of Rhythm
Progressive Rhythm –
when a rhythm changes
in a predictable or regular way.

29. Types of Rhythm
Unexpected Rhythm - has motifs or modules
which repeat in no apparent order.

30. Texture is the physical surface
structure
of a material.
Real Textures are those that can actually be
touched. Real textures offer both look and feel.

31. Texture is the physical surface
structure of a material.
Implied Textures
are those that are
simulated or
invented. Implied
textures provide
only the
appearance of
texture.

32. Textures in artworks often provide visual interest
– even when they cannot be touched.
Texture is essential in paintings and drawings to
portray objects realistically.

33. Invented textures can be used to enhance
abstract and nonrepresentational art.
In such works, texture can suggest certain
feelings and moods.

34. Textures and textural contrast can also function
as organizational devices: they may unify an area
or create patterns and movement within a
composition.

35. Gustav Klimt &
the Art Nouveau
Movement

36. Art Nouveau
(French for 'new art') is an
international style of
art,architecture and design that
peaked in popularity at the
beginning of the 20th century
(1880-1914) and is characterized
by highly-stylized, flowing,
curvilinear designs often
incorporating floral and other
plant-inspired motifs.
Medicine (Hygieia) 1900 – 07
430 x 300 cm,
Oil on canvas

37. Art Nouveau
The name 'Art Nouveau' derived from the name of a
shop in Paris, Maison de l'Art Nouveau. The style
was not an immediate success in Paris but rapidly
spread to Belgium
In the United Kingdom Art Nouveau developed out
of the Arts and Crafts Movement.
In Vienna, Austria Gustav Klimt emerged as one of
the most well known Art Nouveau artists

39. The work of the Austrian painter and
illustrator Gustav Klimt, b. July 14,
1862, d. Feb. 6, 1918, founder of the
school of painting known as the
Vienna Secession, embodies the highkeyed erotic, psychological, and aesthetic preoccupations
of turn-of-the-century Vienna's dazzling intellectual world.
He has been called the leading proponent of
ART NOUVEAU.