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Geography
                            at
                           IRRI
                Alice Laborte and Robert Hijmans



CGIAR-CSI Meeting, 31 March – 4 April 2009, Nairobi, Kenya
• Data

• Software

• New methods
Data
http://geo.irri.org
GADM
version 1




                                                      120000
                                                                   190,000 units
                                                      100000

                                                       80000




                                         # polygons
                                                       60000

                                                       40000

                                                       20000
With help from: CIAT, ICRISAT, ILRI, …
                                                          0
                                                               0     1   2           3   4   5
                                                                             Level
GADM
Next step: Open-boundaries

• On-line fuzzy matching of names and
  polygons

• On-line editing of names and polygons

• Time series

• Linked to databases of geographic names
WorldClim                    http://www.worldclim.org


Working on version 2
• Many more weather stations
• More variables
• Improved interpolation
• Climate change scenarios
• ETA (beta): January 2010
WorldWeather
   • Daily weather data for 1997—present
   • Min/max temperature, rainfall, radiation, humidity
   • 10 - 30 km resolution
   • Satellite data, ground stations, interpolation



Daily rainfall
     0
     1 – 10
     11 – 25
     26 – 50
     51 – 100
     > 100
Crop genetic resources collecting localities




                               http://www.biogeomancer.org/
  USDA     CGIAR     EURISCO
 212,000   341,000    79,000
Software
R software

• Integrates statistics, graphics, databases,
  geospatial, …

• Open source, easy to contribute to (‘packages’)

• Command line, sometimes complicated

• Scripts – can be automated, repeatable, verifiable
IRRI R packages                              http://r-forge.r-project.org/

  Raster
  • All raster operations (overlay, neighborhood, projection, ….)
  • Handles very large databases
  RemoteSensing
  • Radiometric calibration
  • Vegetation indices
  • Modis, Landsat
  gDistance
  • Advanced distance measures (e.g. resistance distance)
  • Sparse matrix based
  geodata
  • Download: gadm, srtm, worldclim, …
  cropsim
  • Crop and disease simulation models
DIVA-GIS
• A very popular, free and easy-to-use GIS

• New version in May/June
                            http://www.diva-gis.org
• Integration with R
Methods
MODIS crop area and yield
                          Point2
        1.0



                                            NDVI
        0.8
                                            EVI
                   Flooding and             LSWI
                   transplanting
        0.6
VALUE




                                                   China
        0.4



        0.2



        0.0
               1   11      21         31   41


        -0.2
                            DOY / 8
Random Forest for land use change
      Biophysical variables   Socio-economic variables
Potential areas
 Current
              for expansion
rice areas
Partial
dependence
plots of most
important       Distance to major roads   Flow accumulation (focal mean)




variables



                 Population density             Annual rainfall
Forest under threat
Temporal
  price
variability
Poverty
Climate change effect on poverty



Yield change
    (+2ºC)

                                                           Poverty line (US $ PPP)
                                                  0
                                                       0   5      10       15        20   25




                        (1000 million US $ PPP)
                           Cost to the poor
                                                  -1


t / ha

                                                  -2




                                                  -3
http://geo.irri.org/

 International Rice Research Institute

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[Day 2] Center Presentation: IRRI

  • 1. Geography at IRRI Alice Laborte and Robert Hijmans CGIAR-CSI Meeting, 31 March – 4 April 2009, Nairobi, Kenya
  • 4. http://geo.irri.org GADM version 1 120000 190,000 units 100000 80000 # polygons 60000 40000 20000 With help from: CIAT, ICRISAT, ILRI, … 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Level
  • 6. Next step: Open-boundaries • On-line fuzzy matching of names and polygons • On-line editing of names and polygons • Time series • Linked to databases of geographic names
  • 7. WorldClim http://www.worldclim.org Working on version 2 • Many more weather stations • More variables • Improved interpolation • Climate change scenarios • ETA (beta): January 2010
  • 8. WorldWeather • Daily weather data for 1997—present • Min/max temperature, rainfall, radiation, humidity • 10 - 30 km resolution • Satellite data, ground stations, interpolation Daily rainfall 0 1 – 10 11 – 25 26 – 50 51 – 100 > 100
  • 9. Crop genetic resources collecting localities http://www.biogeomancer.org/ USDA CGIAR EURISCO 212,000 341,000 79,000
  • 11. R software • Integrates statistics, graphics, databases, geospatial, … • Open source, easy to contribute to (‘packages’) • Command line, sometimes complicated • Scripts – can be automated, repeatable, verifiable
  • 12. IRRI R packages http://r-forge.r-project.org/ Raster • All raster operations (overlay, neighborhood, projection, ….) • Handles very large databases RemoteSensing • Radiometric calibration • Vegetation indices • Modis, Landsat gDistance • Advanced distance measures (e.g. resistance distance) • Sparse matrix based geodata • Download: gadm, srtm, worldclim, … cropsim • Crop and disease simulation models
  • 13. DIVA-GIS • A very popular, free and easy-to-use GIS • New version in May/June http://www.diva-gis.org • Integration with R
  • 15. MODIS crop area and yield Point2 1.0 NDVI 0.8 EVI Flooding and LSWI transplanting 0.6 VALUE China 0.4 0.2 0.0 1 11 21 31 41 -0.2 DOY / 8
  • 16.
  • 17. Random Forest for land use change Biophysical variables Socio-economic variables
  • 18. Potential areas Current for expansion rice areas
  • 19. Partial dependence plots of most important Distance to major roads Flow accumulation (focal mean) variables Population density Annual rainfall
  • 23. Climate change effect on poverty Yield change (+2ºC) Poverty line (US $ PPP) 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 (1000 million US $ PPP) Cost to the poor -1 t / ha -2 -3