5. Components of Population
A. Population Growth
Demography
The scientific study of human populations,
including size, composition, distribution,
destiny, growth, related socio-economic
characteristics and the causes and
consequences of changes in population.
Growth Rate
Describes the rate at which population is
increasing or decreasing; i.e. the surplus or
deficit of births over deaths and net migration.
Philippines’s population growth is 2.3 %
annually.
7. Expansive
Broad based indicating high proportion of children
and a rapid population growth.
Constructive
Has a base that is narrower than the middle of the
pyramid usually a result of a result of a recent rapid
decline in fertility affecting the younger age groups
Has a narrow base with approximately equal numbers
in each sub sequent age group, tapering off the older
ages and indicating a moderate proportion of children
at a slow rate.
Stationary
9. Philippine age structure is very young:
more than two out of every five persons
are less than 15 years old.
In 1983, about 14.7 million women in
the Philippines have reached the child
bearing age. The researchers believed
that by the end of the 20th century, the
number will grow up to 20 million.
It only implies large fertility between
that time and the year 2000.
10. C. Spatial Distribution
Population Density
number of population per square meter of land area
Provides a means of spatial distribution of population
1. Fertility
the fist determinant of population change. (births)
CBR (Crude Birth Rate)
Is the number of births per 1,000 population in a
given year, usually the estimated midyear population.
TFR (Total Fertility Rate)
Is the average number of children per woman.
11. 2. Mortality
The second determinant of population
change. (death)
Is the technical term for death. It is a
component of population change and has a
negative effect on population.
CDR (Crude Death Rate) is the simplest
measure of mortality rate which is the
number of deaths per 1,000 population in
a given year.
12. 3. Migration
Basically from rural to Urban.
It is not universal.
Relatively permanent movement of
persons over a significant distance.
Reasons
Employment
Pursuit of higher education
Expectation of better housing and other social
services
Political instability
Natural calamities
Population pressure on agricultural lands
13. Consequences of Rapid
Population Growth
Economic Development
Education
Employment
Health and Other Social Services
Ecosystem
14. Economic Development
1994-5.1 GNP growth rate
1995-5.2 GNP growth rate
Forty Percent of Filipinos still live
below poverty line.
15. Education
1994 Philippine Human Development
Report-literacy rate is 93.54%.
Lack of Classrooms, materials and
Teachers.
16. Employment
800 k applicants a year, only 200k are accepted.
1994 figure-9.6 % employment rate, 2.2%
underemployment rate.
12.5% underemployment in urban areas, 6.6% in rural
areas.
17. Health and Other Social
Services
As population grows, the maintenance of existing health
and social services becomes increasingly difficult.