3. Sweetpotato genetic and genomic resources
22.000 ESTs
1500 gene sequences
1 Bac
2 Low resolution maps
~100 SSR markers
LD cDNA microarray
•Composite Genotype Set
•Gene sequences
•Markers
•Map
4. Access to biodiversity: Composite Genotype Set
480 accessions
•Biodiversity
•High β-carotene
•High starch
•High iron and zinc contents
•Nematode, virus and drought resistance
-Pathogen-free in vitro plants ready for international
distribution
-Morphological information and molecular
fingerprints (SSR genotypes) available
480 accessions
•Biodiversity
•High β-carotene
•High starch
•High iron and zinc contents
•Nematode, virus and drought resistance
-Pathogen-free in vitro plants ready for international
distribution
-Morphological information and molecular
fingerprints (SSR genotypes) available
http://gcpcr.grinfo.net/files/cr_files/gcpcr_file832.xls
Composite Genotype SetComposite Genotype Set
CIP Ipomoea batatas collection:
5,961 accessions
CIP Ipomoea batatas collection:
5,961 accessions
15. Marker Application:
Genepool structure
Improved Varieties, breeding lines
Landraces:
Latin America and the Caribbean
Sub-Saharan Africa
East and South-East Asia
Oceania
North Africa
I. trifida
Jonathan Feng Shu Bai
Xushu 18
Jewel
Wagabolige
Yanshu 1
Beauregard
I. trifida parent 1
I. trifida parent 2
Jonathan Feng Shu Bai
Xushu 18
Jewel
Wagabolige
Yanshu 1
Beauregard
Jonathan Feng Shu Bai
Xushu 18
Jewel
Wagabolige
Yanshu 1
Beauregard
I. trifida
I. trifida
LAC
16. Marker application: Mapping
Population: Ipomoea trifida (2n) Marker:
~38 SSR
345 – 600 DArT
Map:
In progress
108 plants established in vitro
Easy to handle linkage map
Comparative genomics among sweetpotato and other crops
Easy to handle linkage map
Comparative genomics among sweetpotato and other crops
19. Abiotic stress tolerance is complex…
Environmental constraints
• Variability of natural climate
stress events
Genetic constraints
• Tolerance traits might be
polygenic and epistatic
• Gene x environment interactions
Difficult selection under natural
stress conditions
Interactions between genes and
genetic background
Not all tolerance traits work in all
environments
Efficient breeding requires information on theEfficient breeding requires information on the
genetic and physiological basis of tolerance traitsgenetic and physiological basis of tolerance traits
20. Improving potato drought tolerance
Drought-
tolerant
potato
• Yield losses <30%
at a 40 day drought
spell during bulking
• -minimum yield
25t/ha (~600 g/plant)
• No tuber defects
Drought-
tolerant
potato
• Yield losses <30%
at a 40 day drought
spell during bulking
• -minimum yield
25t/ha (~600 g/plant)
• No tuber defects
Field screening of
germplasm collection
(Chujoy % Cabello)
Field screening of
germplasm collection
(Chujoy % Cabello)
Identification of drought
tolerance traits
Identification of drought
tolerance traits
Trait-marker associationTrait-marker association
BreedingBreeding
Many susceptible and a few tolerant clones
Screening tools
33. Genomic Analysis
Water saver
Water spender
Dehydration tolerant
control drought
resistant
control drought
susceptible
Candidate Tolerance Gene List
35. Potato drought tolerance traitsPotato drought tolerance traits
Drought PP2C
PSI and II-related genes
Chlororespiration-related gene
ASR
TFs
Redox regulation
Lipid transferLEA, chaperonesRFO, AS-Metabolism
ABA sensitivity
AOS detoxification
AOS
ABAPhospholipase C and D
40
GA levels
Stomatal closureGrowth inhibition
Leaf area reduction
yield
Root size
C-partition
Osmotic adjustment Protein protection Membrane modification
PS I and II
stress tolerance
Photosynthesis
yieldyield
37. Association genetics study
Germplasm panel Marker Phenotyping
Population structure:
60 mapped SSR
QTL:
250 (partially) mapped
SNPs (HRM genotyping)
160 clones from
3 CIP breeding populations
and pre-breeding clones
Water use efficiency
Water uptake capacity
Yield under drought
Harvest index
Water relations
ABA
Analysis: STRUCTURE, GeneStat Discovery
38. Acknowledgments
Sweetpotato Genetic Resources
CIP HQ
David Tay
Rosalina Tincopa
Genoveva Rossel
Omar Palomino
Raul Cordoba
Ji Young Kim
Carlos Rivera
Cynthia Quispe
Reinhard Simon
Rolando Carbonet
Rocio Alagon
Angie
DArT
Andrezej Kilian and staff
E. Mondlane University Mozambique
Yvone Martins Muchoa
NAARI Uganda
Robert Mwanga
Gorettie Ssamakula
Evrogen Russia
Sweetpotato Genetic Resources
CIP HQ
David Tay
Rosalina Tincopa
Genoveva Rossel
Omar Palomino
Raul Cordoba
Ji Young Kim
Carlos Rivera
Cynthia Quispe
Reinhard Simon
Rolando Carbonet
Rocio Alagon
Angie
DArT
Andrezej Kilian and staff
E. Mondlane University Mozambique
Yvone Martins Muchoa
NAARI Uganda
Robert Mwanga
Gorettie Ssamakula
Evrogen Russia
Funding
Government of Austria
Government of Luxembourg
GTZ Germany
Funding
Government of Austria
Government of Luxembourg
GTZ Germany
Potato Stress Tolerance
CIP HQ
Merideth Bonierbale
Raymundo Gutierrez
David Tay
Walter Amoros
Rolando Cabello
Enrique Chujoi
Roberto Quiroz
Carolina Barreda
Diogenes Cerna
Macarena Barra
Amelie Gaudin
Percy Rojas
Carlos Alvarado
CIP CAC
Carlo Carli
CIP ESA
Fernando Ezeta
Dao Huy Chien
Potato Stress Tolerance
CIP HQ
Merideth Bonierbale
Raymundo Gutierrez
David Tay
Walter Amoros
Rolando Cabello
Enrique Chujoi
Roberto Quiroz
Carolina Barreda
Diogenes Cerna
Macarena Barra
Amelie Gaudin
Percy Rojas
Carlos Alvarado
CIP CAC
Carlo Carli
CIP ESA
Fernando Ezeta
Dao Huy Chien
CPRI India
S.K. Pandey and his team
CRP Gabriel Lippmann
Daniel Evers
Sylvain Legay
Isabelle Levevre
Virginia Tech
Ruth Grene
Cecilia Vasquez-Robinet
Shrinivasrao Mane
AAFC Canada
David DeKoyer
Helene Tai
University of Illinois
Hans Bohnert
Julius Kuehn Institut
Silvia Seddig
Anne Pechstein
Anne Badani-Dehmer
CPRI India
S.K. Pandey and his team
CRP Gabriel Lippmann
Daniel Evers
Sylvain Legay
Isabelle Levevre
Virginia Tech
Ruth Grene
Cecilia Vasquez-Robinet
Shrinivasrao Mane
AAFC Canada
David DeKoyer
Helene Tai
University of Illinois
Hans Bohnert
Julius Kuehn Institut
Silvia Seddig
Anne Pechstein
Anne Badani-Dehmer
Government of Austria
Government of Luxembourg
GTZ Germany
Government of Austria
Government of Luxembourg
GTZ Germany