Outline of the main events

1. The Cold War
1945-1991

2. Why
 USA refused to share the Atom Bomb
 Russia followed a communist system and
America followed capitalism and both sides
feared each other.
 Russians felt that the West delayed their
invasion of Germany so Russia would suffer.
 Russia held on to all the territory it invaded
during the war and had puppet soviet
governments in order to create a buffer zone
between them and the west.
 Stalin encouraged Internationalism
communism and the west feared this.

3. Reaction of the west
 Truman Doctrine $400 m to Greece
and Turkey ides that poverty and
misery lead to revolution.
 Marshal Plan money to help Germany
and the whole of Europe recover.

4.  USA and USSR didn’t physically go to
war backed sides in numerous conflicts
from the Korea to Vietnam.
 Couldn’t afford to go to war because of
the Nuclear deterrent. 3rd world war
would mean nuclear annihilation the
Cuban missile crisis brought the world to
the brink of war frightened both sides
into creating a red phone between the
Kremlin and Washington
 Space race was a by product of the war.
 Bay of Pigs Berlin wall built

5.  NATO (North Atlantic Treaty
organisation) US Canada and
Western Europe versus the Warsaw
pact of Eastern European countries

6. Case study 1 Berlin Blockade
 Berlin divided into occupied zones. East
controlled by Russia, western section
controlled by US, GB, and France. Berlin
itself was inside the Russian zone and the
west's only access was through the Berlin
corridor.
 Division of Germany was meant to be
temporary.
 Russia wanted Huge reparations took
machinery and even factories and brought
them back to Russia. US wanted to create a
new denazified Germany with democratic
government and strong industry

7.  West created a new currency
Deutschmark.
 Russians reacted by cutting off all roads
rail and canal links power supplies. Russia
wanted Germany to be weak creating a
new currency would revive Germany that’s
why they wanted to starve East Berlin and
make it economically impossible so that
the Americans would leave Berlin or drop
their currency plans

8. Operation Vittles
 Use 20 mile air corridor fly in food into
Berlins three airports.
 Food medical supplies, planes landed
every 90 seconds 8,000 tons of cargo
each day lasted for eleven months.
 Rationing of food. Dehydrated
potatoes milk powdered eggs, dried
vegetables meat in cans now and
then.
 Industry closed down 125,00 loose
their jobs.

9.  Russia realised that they could not
break the resolve of the Berliners or
the west so they lifted the blockade

10. Results of the Blockade
 USSR not ready for war.
 Federal Republic of Germany set up with
capital in Bonn. Marshall plan used to
build up Germany
 German Democratic Republic in East
Germany created
 NATO and Warsaw Pact created.
 Berlin Centre of Tension between Russia
and the West centre of espionage and
the wall became symbol of the tension
between the sides