Review the following by providing a definition and an example of each: Operant conditioning The Law of Effect Positive reinforcement Negative reinforcement Punishment Fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement Variable ratio schedule of reinforcement Operant shaping Operant extinction Finally, briefly discuss how operant conditioning contributes to successful adaptation by animals and humans to the demands of their environments (a few well thought out sentences should do the trick here; recall this week's lectures on learning). Use the textbook and my lectures this week to guide you on your way through these important concepts .