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2. INTRODUCTION

3. WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING ?
“Global warming is an average increase in
the temperature of the atmosphere near
the Earth’s surface and in the troposphere,
which can contribute to changes in global
climate patterns. Global warming can occur
from a variety of causes, both natural and
human induced. In common usage, “global
warming” often refers to the warming
that can occur as a result of increased
emissions of greenhouse gases from human
activities.”
Definition by The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

4. DOES GLOBAL WARMING MEAN SAME
AS CLIMATE CHANGE ?
Global Warming -An overall
warming of out planet Earth ,
based on average temperatures
over the entire surface of the
Earth .
Climate change - Changes in the
regional climate characteristics ,
including amount of sunshine ,
temperature , humidity , rainfall ,
air pressure , wind , and severe
weather events .

5. IS THE CLIMATE BECOMING
WARMER AND WARMER ?
According to the National Academy of
Sciences, the Earth's surface temperature
has risen by about 1 degree Fahrenheit in
the past century, with accelerated
warming during the past two decades.
There is new and stronger evidence that
most of the warming over the last 50
years is attributable to human activities.
Human activities have altered the
chemical composition of the atmosphere
through the buildup of greenhouse gases –
primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and
nitrous oxide. The heat-trapping property
of these gases is undisputed although
uncertainties exist about exactly how
earth’s climate responds to them.
GLOBAL TEMPERATURE TREND

6. HOW DO SCIENTISTS STUDY HOW
WARM PLANET EARTH IS ?
There are several ways that scientists study
how the Earth's temperature is changing:
Scientists look to satellites to reveal
something about the Earth's changing climate.
The record of instrumental temperature
measurements provides one clear indication
that the mean annual surface air temperatures
of the earth have risen.
 Climatic data , generated from the study of
things like tree rings, corals, fossils, sediment
cores, pollens, and ice cores, and cave
stalactites, both provide an independent
confirmation of this recent warming

7. SIGNS TELLING US EVERYTHING
IS NOT NORMAL !
• Floods in the areas where the flood history is not
common
• Droughts in places , which were having good rainfall
earlier
• Atmosphere suddenly getting harsh in terms of
cyclones and thunderstorms
• Life forms getting affected
• The butterflies have migrated from warm southern
zone to cooler northern zone
• Due to melting of ice the life cycle of penguins is
getting disturbed leading to their death
• The coral growth along the Great Barrier Reef is
getting reduced day by day
• Polar bears are facing extinction due to melting of
polar ice

8. WHAT’S THE PROOF THAT GLOBAL
WARMING IS TAKING PLACE ?
Dying a slow death Chandigarh’s
best- known landmark , the sukhna
lake , is dying a slow death . The
water level at sukhna is receding
with each passing day .The depth of
the lake has reduced to half of its
original size due to accumulation of
silt and weeds . Further the area of
the lake beyond 1,200 meters has
completely dried up , leaving behind
stinking weeds and plantation.
Efforts are on to revive this precious
wetland which is a home to a variety
of migratory birds .
Sukhna Lake , CHANDIAGRH

9. WHAT CAUSE THE TEMPERATURE
OF ATMOSPHERE GO UP ?

10. NATURAL CAUSES
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS : Volcanic dust act
as a shield to solar radiation and causes cooling
in the atmosphere
SOLAR ACTIVITY : Change in the Earth’s
solar radiation levels can have impact on the
Earth’s climate . Increased solar activity can
cause short–term warming cycles on the Earth
Earth’s ORBITAL VARIATIONS : As the
earth spins , it does not achieve perfect rotation.
Such variations exposes the N & S latitudes to
more and less solar radiation. This behaviour
has been causing in the temperature .

11. MAN-MADE CAUSES
GREEN HOUSE EFFECT
FOSSIL FUEL BURNING
DEFORESTATION
AIR POLLUTION

12. WHAT IS GREEN HOUSE EFFECT ?
• The greenhouse effect is a process by
which thermal radiation from a
planetary surface is absorbed by
atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is
re-radiated in all directions. Since part
of this re-radiation is back towards the
surface and the lower atmosphere, it
results in an elevation of the average
surface temperature above what it
would be in the absence of the gases.
• The primary greenhouse gases in the
Earth's atmosphere are water vapour,
carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide,
and ozone. Currently C02 is the main
suspect , after Industrial Revolution ,
the burning of fossil fuels has
contributed to the increase in carbon
dioxide into the atmosphere
dramatically

13. GREEN HOUSE EFFECT

14. FOSSIL FUEL BURNING

15. DEFORESTATION
Between 25 and 30 percent of the
greenhouse gases released into the
atmosphere each year – 1.6 billion
tonnes – is caused by deforestation.
DEFORESTATION
FEWER TREES
MORE CO2
ENHANCED GREEN
HOUSE EFFECT
GLOBAL
WARMING

16. AIR POLLUTION
Smog hanging over cities is the most familiar and obvious form of air pollution.
But there are different kinds of pollution—some visible, some invisible—that
contribute to global warming . Generally any substance that people introduce
into the atmosphere that has damaging effects on living things and the
environment is considered air pollution.
Though living things emit carbon dioxide when they breathe, carbon dioxide is
widely considered to be a pollutant when associated with cars, planes, power
plants, and other human activities that involve the burning of fossil fuels such
as gasoline and natural gas
Methane gas, twenty-one times stronger than carbon dioxide as far as global
warming is concerned, comes from bogs, animals and swamps and
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were used in refrigerants and aerosol
propellants until they were banned because of their deteriorating effect on
Earth's ozone layer
Nitrous oxide is over 300x as powerful as carbon dioxide It is produced by a
variety of agricultural and industrial practices like agricultural fertilizers,
production of nylon and the burning of coal and organic matter

17. LOOMING THREATS
• Ice is melting worldwide, especially at the
Earth’s poles.
• Rising sea level , leading to more coastal erosion
, flooding during storms .
• Precipitation (rain and snowfall) has increased
across the globe, on average.
• Global Warming Causing Extinction to the Most
Precious Wild Animals.
• Increased droughts and incidence of wildfires.
• Severe stress on many forests , wetlands and
other natural ecosystems.
• Impact on human health and mosquitoes and
other disease-carrying insects and rodents
spread disease over large geographical regions.

18. CONSEQUENCES IF THE EARTH
WARMS BY ….
1 DEGREE C - Climate become more intolerable
2 DEGREE C- Ocean life in danger
3 DEGREE C- Heat wave fatalities
4 DEGREE C- Great cities wash away
5 DEGREE C- Civilization collapses
6 DEGREE C- Mass extinction occurs

19. YOU CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE!
• Do an energy audit , save electricity .
• Walk , bike , bus ,car-pool , take the LRT.
• Read , to be better informed.
• Talk to you family about family and friends
about global warming and climate change .
• Plant trees to absorb carbon dioxide.
• Use less , reuse , recycle.
• When you buy, consider local stuff first .
• Replacing a regular incandescent light bulb
with a CFL .
• Do not leave appliances on standby.