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Mitigation options and actions in Brazilian Agriculture 
Development of the Brazilian Agricultural NAMAs 
Luis Gustavo Barioni 
Embrapa Agricultural Informatics 
CCAFS – FAO NAMAs Workshop, Rome 16/07/2012
Historical Context
Identifying the Main Sources of GHG 
Adapted from the 1st Brazilian National Inventory (Ministry of Science and Technology, 2004) 
Mainly conversion of native areas 
into agricultural land 
1994
Identifying Potential Sinks 
Increasing Soil Carbon by improving grasslands 
Embrapa Informática Agropecuária - Laboratório de Modelagem Agroambiental 
Adubação Quantificação C 
Referência Bioma Estado Cidade Local 
Precipitação 
média anual 
(mm) 
Tipo solo 
Uso da 
Propriedade 
Ocupação 
anterior 
Tratamento 
Idade 
Tratamento 
(anos) 
Tempo 
desmatame 
nto (anos) 
Classificação Calagem Plantio Cobertura 
Tipo de 
metodologia 
Método 
SILVA, et al. 
(2004) 
Cerrado DF Planaltina 
EMBRAPA-Cerrados 
1500 
Latossolo 
Vermelho 
Escuro 
Argiloso 
Campos 
Experimentais 
Campos 
Experiment 
ais 
Panicum maximum 7 pastagem Não Não Não Indireto 
Nelson & 
Sommers, 
1982 
SILVA, et al. 
(2004) 
Cerrado DF Planaltina 
EMBRAPA-Cerrados 
1500 
Latossolo 
Vermelho 
Escuro 
Argiloso 
Campos 
Experimentais 
Campos 
Experiment 
ais 
Brachiaria decumbens 3 pastagem Sim Sim Não Indireto 
Nelson & 
Sommers, 
1982 
SILVA, et al. 
(2004) 
Cerrado DF Planaltina 
EMBRAPA-Cerrados 
1500 
Latossolo 
Vermelho 
Escuro 
Argiloso 
Campos 
Experimentais 
Campos 
Experiment 
ais 
Brachiaria brizantha + 
Stylosanthes 
guianensis 
3 pastagem Sim Sim Não Indireto 
Nelson & 
Sommers, 
1982 
SILVA, et al. 
(2004) 
Cerrado DF Planaltina 
EMBRAPA-Cerrados 
1500 
Latossolo 
Vermelho 
Escuro 
Argiloso 
Campos 
Experimentais 
Campos 
Experiment 
ais 
Andropogon gayanus + 
Neonotonia wightii + 
Centrosema 
brasilianum 
3 pastagem Sim Sim Não Indireto 
Nelson & 
Sommers, 
1982 
SILVA, et al. 
(2004) 
Cerrado DF Planaltina 
EMBRAPA-Cerrados 
1500 
Latossolo 
Vermelho 
Escuro 
Argiloso 
Campos 
Experimentais 
Campos 
Experiment 
ais 
B. brizantha (s/ pastejo, 
p/ produção de 
sementes) 
4 pastagem Sim Sim Sim Indireto 
Nelson & 
Sommers, 
1982 
SILVA, et al. 
(2004) 
Cerrado DF Planaltina 
EMBRAPA-Cerrados 
1500 
Latossolo 
Vermelho 
Escuro 
Argiloso 
Campos 
Experimentais 
Campos 
Experiment 
ais 
Paspalum atratum (s/ 
pastejo, p/ produção 
de sementes) 
4 pastagem Sim Sim Sim Indireto 
Nelson & 
Sommers, 
1982 
SILVA, et al. 
(2004) 
Cerrado DF Planaltina 
EMBRAPA-Cerrados 
1500 
Latossolo 
Vermelho 
Escuro 
Argiloso 
Campos 
Experimentais 
Campos 
Experiment 
ais 
Pastagem nativa − 
vegetação 
natural 
Não Não Não Indireto 
Nelson & 
Sommers, 
1982 
RANGEL; 
SILVA (2007) 
Transição 
Mata 
Atlântica 
Cerrado 
MG Lavras 
Universidade 
Federal de 
Lavras 
1530 
Latossolo 
Vermelho 
distroférrico 
Campos 
Experimentais 
Lavoura de 
café 
Eucalipto 29 agricultura ? Sim ? Indireto 
Yeomans & 
Bremner, 
1988 
RANGEL; 
SILVA (2007) 
Transição 
Mata 
Atlântica 
Cerrado 
MG Lavras 
Universidade 
Federal de 
Lavras 
1530 
Latossolo 
Vermelho 
distroférrico 
Campos 
Experimentais 
Lavoura de 
café 
Pinus sp. 29 agricultura ? Sim ? Indireto 
Yeomans & 
Bremner, 
1988
Identifying Potential Sinks 
↑C Stocks 
CO2 
+N 
N2O 
↑Stocking Rate 
CH4
80% reduction in Amazon conversion 
+ 40% reduction in Cerrado (Savanna) conversion 
Evaluating Mitigation Options 
Km2 yr-1 
Prodes data 5 yr target level 
avg 1996 -2005 
simulation
Evaluating Mitigation Options 
Stocking Rates (actual/grazing potential, %) 
1. Is there enough low productivity 
grasslands that are suitable for improvement?
Evaluating Mitigation Options 
2. Is there demand for beef and/or 
for land that justify pasture improvement? 
Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (Jan 2008) 
Product2006/20072016/2017% IncreaseSoybeans (M ton)55.5573.7333% Rice (M ton)11.2713.1317% Corn (M ton)48.3264.1233% Sugar (M ton)30.7142.2938% Etanol (M l)17.637.7114%
Evaluating Mitigation Options 
Land AreaLand Savedyear(106ha)baselinerecovered(106ha)InvestMaintTotal11.9104.4891.603.802175584.82,759.80 23.8104.4878.72 7.60 21751169.63,344.60 35.7104.4865.84 11.40 21751754.43,929.40 47.6104.4852.96 15.20 21752339.24,514.20 59.5104.4840.07 19.00 217529245,099.00 611.4104.4827.19 22.80 21753508.85,683.80 713.3104.4814.31 26.60 21754093.66,268.60 815.2104.481.43 30.40 21754678.46,853.40 917.1104.48-11.45 34.20 21755263.27,438.20 1019.0104.48-24.33 38.00 217558488,023.00 Total21,75032,16453,914 Emissions (MMTCO2-e ha-1 yr-1)Aditional Cost (106 R$ yr-1)
Statewide 
Universities 
State Extension Institutes 
National Plan for Climate Change - Law 12.187 
Cerrado 
Deforestation 
Agriculture 
Energy 
Efficiency 
Charcoal for 
Still Industry 
Other Sectorial Plans 
Amazon Deforestation 
Sectorial Plans of Mitigation and Adaptation 
Brazilian Climate Change (FBMC) 
1.Pasture Recovery 
2.Crop-Livestock-Forestry Integration 
3.No-Tillage Agricuture 
4.Biological Nitrigen Fixation 
5.Planted Forests 
6.Treatment of Animal Residues 
Presidency Office 
Ministries 
Sector representatives 
Nationwide 
Embrapa
ABC Plan 
Brazil’s Policy to Develope a Low-Carbon Emission Agriculture 
Technology 
Commitment* 
(area increase/use) 
Mitigation Potential (million Mg CO2 e) 
Recovering Pastures1 
15,0 million ha 
83 a 104 
Crop-Livestock-Forest Integration2 
4,0 million ha 
18 a 22 
No-Tillage System 
8,0 million ha 
16 a 20 
Biological Nitrogen Fixation 
5,5 million ha 
10 
Planted Forests 
3,0 million ha 
- 
Treatment of Animal Residues 
4,4 million m3 
6,9 
Total 
133,9 a 162,9
How could we refine the plan? 
•Developing regional evaluations of mitigation options potential and costs 
•Reducing uncertainties on the magnitude of mitigation actions (applying LCA methods) 
•Running systemic evaluations on the impacts of land use change
Thank you! 
Luís Gustavo Barioni 
barioni@cnptia.embrapa.br

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Barioni Mitigation options and actions in Brazil agriculture july 2012

  • 1. Mitigation options and actions in Brazilian Agriculture Development of the Brazilian Agricultural NAMAs Luis Gustavo Barioni Embrapa Agricultural Informatics CCAFS – FAO NAMAs Workshop, Rome 16/07/2012
  • 3. Identifying the Main Sources of GHG Adapted from the 1st Brazilian National Inventory (Ministry of Science and Technology, 2004) Mainly conversion of native areas into agricultural land 1994
  • 4. Identifying Potential Sinks Increasing Soil Carbon by improving grasslands Embrapa Informática Agropecuária - Laboratório de Modelagem Agroambiental Adubação Quantificação C Referência Bioma Estado Cidade Local Precipitação média anual (mm) Tipo solo Uso da Propriedade Ocupação anterior Tratamento Idade Tratamento (anos) Tempo desmatame nto (anos) Classificação Calagem Plantio Cobertura Tipo de metodologia Método SILVA, et al. (2004) Cerrado DF Planaltina EMBRAPA-Cerrados 1500 Latossolo Vermelho Escuro Argiloso Campos Experimentais Campos Experiment ais Panicum maximum 7 pastagem Não Não Não Indireto Nelson & Sommers, 1982 SILVA, et al. (2004) Cerrado DF Planaltina EMBRAPA-Cerrados 1500 Latossolo Vermelho Escuro Argiloso Campos Experimentais Campos Experiment ais Brachiaria decumbens 3 pastagem Sim Sim Não Indireto Nelson & Sommers, 1982 SILVA, et al. (2004) Cerrado DF Planaltina EMBRAPA-Cerrados 1500 Latossolo Vermelho Escuro Argiloso Campos Experimentais Campos Experiment ais Brachiaria brizantha + Stylosanthes guianensis 3 pastagem Sim Sim Não Indireto Nelson & Sommers, 1982 SILVA, et al. (2004) Cerrado DF Planaltina EMBRAPA-Cerrados 1500 Latossolo Vermelho Escuro Argiloso Campos Experimentais Campos Experiment ais Andropogon gayanus + Neonotonia wightii + Centrosema brasilianum 3 pastagem Sim Sim Não Indireto Nelson & Sommers, 1982 SILVA, et al. (2004) Cerrado DF Planaltina EMBRAPA-Cerrados 1500 Latossolo Vermelho Escuro Argiloso Campos Experimentais Campos Experiment ais B. brizantha (s/ pastejo, p/ produção de sementes) 4 pastagem Sim Sim Sim Indireto Nelson & Sommers, 1982 SILVA, et al. (2004) Cerrado DF Planaltina EMBRAPA-Cerrados 1500 Latossolo Vermelho Escuro Argiloso Campos Experimentais Campos Experiment ais Paspalum atratum (s/ pastejo, p/ produção de sementes) 4 pastagem Sim Sim Sim Indireto Nelson & Sommers, 1982 SILVA, et al. (2004) Cerrado DF Planaltina EMBRAPA-Cerrados 1500 Latossolo Vermelho Escuro Argiloso Campos Experimentais Campos Experiment ais Pastagem nativa − vegetação natural Não Não Não Indireto Nelson & Sommers, 1982 RANGEL; SILVA (2007) Transição Mata Atlântica Cerrado MG Lavras Universidade Federal de Lavras 1530 Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico Campos Experimentais Lavoura de café Eucalipto 29 agricultura ? Sim ? Indireto Yeomans & Bremner, 1988 RANGEL; SILVA (2007) Transição Mata Atlântica Cerrado MG Lavras Universidade Federal de Lavras 1530 Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico Campos Experimentais Lavoura de café Pinus sp. 29 agricultura ? Sim ? Indireto Yeomans & Bremner, 1988
  • 5. Identifying Potential Sinks ↑C Stocks CO2 +N N2O ↑Stocking Rate CH4
  • 6. 80% reduction in Amazon conversion + 40% reduction in Cerrado (Savanna) conversion Evaluating Mitigation Options Km2 yr-1 Prodes data 5 yr target level avg 1996 -2005 simulation
  • 7. Evaluating Mitigation Options Stocking Rates (actual/grazing potential, %) 1. Is there enough low productivity grasslands that are suitable for improvement?
  • 8. Evaluating Mitigation Options 2. Is there demand for beef and/or for land that justify pasture improvement? Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (Jan 2008) Product2006/20072016/2017% IncreaseSoybeans (M ton)55.5573.7333% Rice (M ton)11.2713.1317% Corn (M ton)48.3264.1233% Sugar (M ton)30.7142.2938% Etanol (M l)17.637.7114%
  • 9. Evaluating Mitigation Options Land AreaLand Savedyear(106ha)baselinerecovered(106ha)InvestMaintTotal11.9104.4891.603.802175584.82,759.80 23.8104.4878.72 7.60 21751169.63,344.60 35.7104.4865.84 11.40 21751754.43,929.40 47.6104.4852.96 15.20 21752339.24,514.20 59.5104.4840.07 19.00 217529245,099.00 611.4104.4827.19 22.80 21753508.85,683.80 713.3104.4814.31 26.60 21754093.66,268.60 815.2104.481.43 30.40 21754678.46,853.40 917.1104.48-11.45 34.20 21755263.27,438.20 1019.0104.48-24.33 38.00 217558488,023.00 Total21,75032,16453,914 Emissions (MMTCO2-e ha-1 yr-1)Aditional Cost (106 R$ yr-1)
  • 10. Statewide Universities State Extension Institutes National Plan for Climate Change - Law 12.187 Cerrado Deforestation Agriculture Energy Efficiency Charcoal for Still Industry Other Sectorial Plans Amazon Deforestation Sectorial Plans of Mitigation and Adaptation Brazilian Climate Change (FBMC) 1.Pasture Recovery 2.Crop-Livestock-Forestry Integration 3.No-Tillage Agricuture 4.Biological Nitrigen Fixation 5.Planted Forests 6.Treatment of Animal Residues Presidency Office Ministries Sector representatives Nationwide Embrapa
  • 11. ABC Plan Brazil’s Policy to Develope a Low-Carbon Emission Agriculture Technology Commitment* (area increase/use) Mitigation Potential (million Mg CO2 e) Recovering Pastures1 15,0 million ha 83 a 104 Crop-Livestock-Forest Integration2 4,0 million ha 18 a 22 No-Tillage System 8,0 million ha 16 a 20 Biological Nitrogen Fixation 5,5 million ha 10 Planted Forests 3,0 million ha - Treatment of Animal Residues 4,4 million m3 6,9 Total 133,9 a 162,9
  • 12. How could we refine the plan? •Developing regional evaluations of mitigation options potential and costs •Reducing uncertainties on the magnitude of mitigation actions (applying LCA methods) •Running systemic evaluations on the impacts of land use change
  • 13. Thank you! Luís Gustavo Barioni barioni@cnptia.embrapa.br