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ESCo Market Development Lessons Learned
1.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 1 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org ESCo Market Development: Business Models, Innovations and Lessons Learned Jan W. Bleyl-Androschin Grazer Energieagentur & IEA DSM “Competitive Energy Services”
2.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 2 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org Outline + Key Messages 1. Two basic business models (in most) ESCo markets: Energy Performance C. (EPC) and Energy Supply C. (ESC) What are their market shares? 2. EPC vs. ESC: (Typical) product properties and limitations 3. ESC: a good and robust business model for Renewables, CHP or heat recovery 4. Integrated Energy Contracting (IEC) – A new ESCo business model to combine savings and (renewable) supply 5. EPC: Market development is demand side driven! 6. Comprehensive building refurbishment – the future? 7. Some lessons learned
3.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 3 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org Two Basic ESCo Products: ESC and EPC German ESCo market: ~ 1,600 Mio €/a [Prognos 2009] Energy Supply- Contracting (ESC) Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) Market shares?
4.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 4 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org ESC is Dominating the Market Sources: [Prognos 2009], [VfW 2009] Energy Supply- Contracting ~ 90 % Energy Performance Contracting ~ 10 % German ESCo market: ~ 1.6 Bio €/a [Prognos 2009]
5.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 5 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org ESC vs. EPC: Typical Market Properties ESC EPC End-use markets Residential, Industry, Commerce, Public … only Public Buildings, Hospitals, (industry) Efficiency potentials 15 – 20 % (limited scope of service) 20 – 25 % (30 – 50 %) Project Size: Minimum energy cost baseline > 20,000 €/a > 150,000 €/a (ESP Berlin: 1,88 Mio €/a) Share in ESCo market (in Germany 2008) ~ 90 % ~ 10 % Business model M Wh Savings („N Wh“) => Baseline problems => high transaction cost Source: [Bleyl 2009]
6.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 6 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org Source: [Bleyl 2009] -10% 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% CO2-Savings(%) Cost Savings (%) EPC ESC Integrated EC unknown [Bleyl 2012] unknown CO2 + Energy Cost Savings in 50 ESCo Projects (Germany) Energetic Solutions DDI Jan W. Bleyl
7.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 7 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org What is Energy Supply Contracting (ESC)? Source: after [Bleyl 2008] Fuel Energy Supply Contracting (ESC) => MWh Meter Boiler ü Supply of useful energy (heat, steam, electricity …) from Renewables ü Busines model: MWh delivered ü ESC is not discussed a lot … ü Good Business model for Renewables, CHP or Heat Recovery … Solar Supply- Contracting => MWhSolar
8.
Integrated Energy-Contracting: A new
ESCo business model 1. Building on simpler ESC model 2. Expand scope of service to complete building (HVAC, user motivation, building shell) 3. Quality assurance replaces EPC savings guarantee © Grazer Energieagentur GmbH – For requests: bleyl@grazer-ea.at Source: after [Bleyl 2008] Fuel Energy Supply Contracting (ESC) => MWh Meter Boiler IntegratedEnergyContracting(IEC) (=ESC+savingmeasures) =>MWh+NWh
9.
Energy Performance Contracting
(EPC) – Business Model Contracting rate for: • Implementation of EE-measures • operation & maintenance • prefinancing of investment • taking over risks EPC contract Contract ends Service life of investment Cost after EE-measures EE- investment Total energy cost (after EE-measures) • ... Present cost = baseline Present state Total energy cost Time Total energy cost • fuel; • electricity; • maintenance; • repair (substitute investment); • personnel; • other Accounting adjustments (yearly) for: • energy price (reference prices from baseline) • climate (outer temperature by # of “degree days”) • changes in utilization of facility Cost savings for facility owner O&m cost Contribution to EE-investment to ESCo e.g. subsidies or payment of residual value © Grazer Energieagentur GmbH - For requests: bleyl@grazer-ea.at
10.
Comprehensive Building Refurbishment (deep
retrofit …) ESCo models – the Future? © Grazer Energieagentur GmbH – For requests: bleyl@grazer-ea.at Source: after [Bleyl 2009] Fuel Meter Boiler ComprehensiveRefurbishment(CR) =>NWh
11.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 11 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org Lessons learned (1/6) 1. Successful market development - in particular for EPC - was demand side driven, meaning (pot.) ESCo customers defined their needs and goals for energy service packages and put out request for proposals on the market. - Studies or IGAs are not sufficient to create projects 2. To foster market development, the role of independent market and project facilitators as mediators between ESCos and their (potential) clients has proved to be of great value (e.g. energy agencies). This facilitator role requires more active players and deserves better support + financing!
12.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 12 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org Lessons learned (2/6) 3. Efficiency markets need ”educated” customers to demand energy efficiency (services) in the market. Still many educated customers will require facilitators to support them. 4. It requires new organizational routines, in particular on the customer side (e.g. with regard to procurement practices, interdisciplinary co-operations between different departments and project engineers or long-term cross-budgetary financial management.) 5. And the decision of the building or business owner to tap into energy efficiency resources (either voluntarily or forced by regulations) remains a basic requirement – independent of the implementation model.
13.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 13 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org Lessons learned (3/6) 6. EE often is not the driving force / not a stand alone business case but a (beneficial) side effect . Listen better to the “real” needs expressed by customers, build strategic alliances with e.g. security, automation, DR ... to incorporate energy efficiency goals or minimum performance standards early on in the project development. 7. High priority on concrete projects in the end-use sectors of public institutions, tertiary sector, trade and industry as well as housing. Optimize investment decisions according to project (or better life) cycle cost and to ensure the results on a long-term basis. => ESCo models have a substantial advantages to offer.
14.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 14 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org Lessons learned (4/6) 8. Financing is not necessarily the core business of ESCos. Their core competence usually lies in technical, economic, and organizational matters of an energy service package ESCos should serve as finance vehicle, not necessarily as financiers. But: Payments to ESCo must be secure 9. Energy-Contracting is a flexible and modular energy service package. This also implies the ESCo customer may define – depending on his or her own resources – what components of the energy service will be outsourced and which components he carries out himself.
15.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 15 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org Lessons learned (5/6) 10. ESCo models offer integrated solutions for project life cycle (planning, construction and operation&maintenance), ESCo is interdisciplinary approach (technical, economical, financial, organizational and legal aspects) to achieve guaranteed performance and results of the efficiency technology deployed => great, but complex products! (too complex?) 11. This integrated and multidimensional approach opens up solutions, which are not achievable through a standard, disintegrated implementation process (e.g. life cycle cost optimization across investment and operation budgets, integrated planning or performance guarantees over the complete project cycle …)
16.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 16 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org Lessons learned (6/6) No easy solutions for Energy Efficiency! Many obstacles root in the fragmented nature and small units of end-use energy conservation potentials and must not be attributed to Energy-Contracting models. On the way to better developed energy service markets strong efforts on all levels of policy framework, capacity building and concrete market development remain to be done. In Norway, Europe, India ...
17.
© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 17 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org IEA-DSM, Task XVI: “Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Services” Proposal for Extension of Task Work Plan ExCo, Nov. 3-4th 2011, South Korea Jan W. Bleyl, Graz Energy Agency Ltd, Austria
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© Grazer Energieagentur
– DDI Jan W. Bleyl⏐ ESCo Market Development … ⏐ IEA DSM Workshop Trondheim, April 18th 2012 ⏐ 18 Task XVI ”Competitive Energy Services” www.ieadsm.org Thank you! Questions welcome. And ideas for further co-operation. Contact:Bleyl@Grazer-EA.ator EnergeticSolutions@email.de
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© Grazer Energieagentur
GmbH ⏐ 2012-04-18 ⏐ 19© Grazer Energieagentur GmbH ⏐ 2012-04-18 ⏐ 19© Grazer Energieagentur GmbH ⏐ 2012-04-18 ⏐ 19 In-House vs. ESCo (outsourcing) implementation Decision criteria (checklist) Decision criteria in-house Energy service (outsourcing) Financing of investment 100 % owner 0 – 100 % owner Technical + economic risks Owner ESCo Optimization, operation & maintenance Requires motivated personal in the own interest of oof ESCo Guaranteed results (e.g. savings) No Yes Functional guarantees only warranty period Over contract term Price guarantees (e.g. heat price) No yes („all inclusive“) Longterm contractual obligation No Yes Transaction cost for ESCo project No Yes Know-how + Competition of ideas + optimization Owner (+ consultant) Owner (+ Consultant) + ESCo Project specifications (generally) detailled (commonly) functional Service package / Outsourcing No Yes Size of building / facility Any Energy cost: ESC: > 20.000 € /a EPC: > 100.000 € /a Life cycle cost (LCC) (generally) higher (generally) lower © Grazer Energieagentur GmbH - For requests: bleyl@grazer-ea.at
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GmbH ⏐ 2012-04-18 ⏐ 20© Grazer Energieagentur GmbH ⏐ 2012-04-18 ⏐ 20© Grazer Energieagentur GmbH ⏐ 2012-04-18 ⏐ 20
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GmbH ⏐ 2012-04-18 ⏐ 21© Grazer Energieagentur GmbH ⏐ 2012-04-18 ⏐ 21© Grazer Energieagentur GmbH ⏐ 2012-04-18 ⏐ 21 Lessons learned (2/7) 3. Contracting to an ESCo is a strategic “make or buy” decision of the (potential) client. Outsourcing to an ESCo competes with in-house implementation and has substantial implications on the outsourcing institution. This decision implies either trusting one general contractor (ESCo) versus contracting to individual subcontractors (Planning, HVAC, Electric …) 4. Outsourcing requires new organizational routines, in particular on the customer side (e.g. with regard to procurement practices, interdisciplinary co-operations between different departments and project engineers or long-term cross- budgetary financial management.)
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