Cat Surveys offering a wide range of surveying and consultancy services, Geomatics department supports our Utilities and Site Investigation teams as well as liaising with Local Authorities, Civil Engineering/Building Contractors and various Major Utility Providers.

1. What is a Topographical Survey and How do They Work
A topographical survey is a way to map the configuration of the earth's surface. It
usually concerns the relief of the earth which can also include natural and artificial
feature such as valley, streams, dams, bridges and buildings. The recording of terrain
involves determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional space position of points
and the distances and angles between them. A graphic representation of the relief of
an area is called a topographic map, which will be constructed from information
which shows the vertical and horizontal locations plotted in the survey. Digital
surface models and digital terrain models can show the 3D representation of the
results of a Topographical Survey, with or without objects such as plants or
buildings.
Topographical Survey is a kind of land surveying which measures the elevation of
plots on a specific piece of land, which are then introduced as contour lines on a
plot. A direct Topographical Survey Essex will exactly choose the relief using the
positions of sure points and find the distances and angles between them. This is
done using levelling instruments such as astheodolites, dumpy levels and
clinometers. Direct surveys such as these can be manual or GIS-based, the latter
being a computerised system used to capture, store, manipulate, analyse, manage
and present the findings of the Topographical Survey Essex.
Topographical Survey may be conducted for a lot of reasons. The purpose is to
decide points in a horizontal coordinate process such as latitude, longitude and

2. altitude. This might be commissioned by architects and engineers before planning
the construction of a building or its drainage. Topographical Surveys are also carried
out for other reasons such as archaeological digs, military planning and geological
exploration and mapping.
There are other types of Topographical survey than a direct survey. Remote sensing
is described as geo data collected at a distance from the subject area. Aerial and
satellite imagery are usually a kind of remote sensing, and an element of geo
visualisation. Aerial and satellite imagery use a non-visual spectra of light to decide
the lie of the land, showing vegetation and other land use knowledge in a more
detailed way. Photogrammetric can be used to generate surveys of a 3D surface by
using a lot of photographic images taken from different positions, usually from
different passes of an aerial flight.
Topography is also used in medical practice, for brain mapping, measuring the
curvature of cornea, and superficial human anatomy. It is also used in arithmetic
when measuring the variables in a map or space.
About Company: Cat Surveys offering a wide range of surveying and consultancy
services, Geomatics department supports our Utilities and Site Investigation teams
as well as liaising with Local Authorities, Civil Engineering/Building Contractors and
various Major Utility Providers.
For More Details Please Visit: http://www.cat-surveys.com/