RESTful Web Services with JAX-RS
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How to use JAX-RS to build REST Web services
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RESTful Web Services with JAX-RS
- 1. REST Carol McDonald, Java Architect
- 4. REST architecture for the Web Web platforms Addressable Resources Web Container Addressable Resources Web Container
- 6. HTTP Example Request GET /music/artists/beatles/recordings HTTP/1.1 Host: media.example.com Accept: application/xml Response HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Tue, 08 May 2007 16:41:58 GMT Server: Apache/1.3.6 Content-Type: application/xml; charset=UTF-8 <?xml version="1.0"?> <recordings xmlns="…"> <recording>…</recording> … </recordings> Method Resource Representation State transfer
- 34. Multiple Representations : JAX-RS consuming http://host/catalog/items/?start=0 http://host/catalog/items/123 @Path("/items/") @ConsumeMime(“application/xml”) public class ItemsResource { @GET ItemsConverter get( @QueryParam ("start") int start ) { ... } @Path( "{id}/" ) ItemResource getItemResource( @PathParam ("id")Long id ){ ... } }
- 36. Multiple Representations @Post @ConsumeMime(“application/x-www-form-urlencoded”) @ProduceMime(“application/xml”) public JAXBClass updateEmployee( MultivalueMap<String, String> form) { ... Converted to a map for accessing form's field converted to XML
- 37. Multiple Representations : producing a response Use Response class to build “created”response @Path(“/items”) class Items { @POST @ProduceMime(“application/xml”) Response create(Ent e) { // persist the new entry, create URI return Response.created ( uriInfo.getAbsolutePath(). resolve(uri+"/")).build(); } }
- 38. Uniform interface: HTTP request and response C: POST /items HTTP/1.1 C: Host: host.com C: Content-Type: application/xml C: Content-Length: 35 C: C: <item><name>dog</name></item> S: HTTP/1.1 201 Created S: Location: http://host.com/employees/1234 S: Content-Length: 0
- 46. Example RESTful Catalog http://weblogs.java.net/blog/caroljmcdonald/archive/2008/08/a_restful_pet_c.html
- 47. Example RESTful Catalog Service Catalog Database Web container (GlassFish™) + REST API Browser (Firefox) HTTP
- 53. ItemConverter JAXB annotated @XmlRootElement(name = "item") public class ItemConverter { private Item entity; private URI uri; @XmlAttribute public URI getUri() { return uri; } @XmlElement public Long getId() { return (expandLevel > 0) ? entity.getId() : null; } ... }
- 54. XML <item uri="http://localhost/Web/resources/items/1/" > <description> black cat is nice</description> <id>1</id> <imagethumburl>/images/anth.jpg</imagethumburl> <name>not Friendly Cat</name> <price>307.10</price> <productid>feline01</productid> </item>
- 56. ItemsConverter JAXB annotated @XmlRootElement(name = "items") public class ItemsConverter { private Collection<ItemConverter> items; private URI uri; @XmlAttribute public URI getUri() { return uri; } @XmlElement public Collection<ItemConverter> getItem() { ... return items; } }
- 57. XML <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <items uri="http://localhost/Web/resources/items/"> <item uri="http://localhost/Web/resources/items/1/" > <description> black cat is nice</description> <id>1</id> <imagethumburl>/images/anth.jpg</imagethumburl> <name>not Friendly Cat</name> <price>307.10</price> <productid>feline01</productid> </item> <item . . . </item> </items>
- 60. Get Items @Path("/items/") public class ItemsResource { @Context protected UriInfo uriInfo; @GET @Produces ("application/json") public ItemsConverter get(){ return new ItemsConverter( getEntities(), uriInfo.getAbsolutePath()); } Performs JPA Query, returns list of entities JAXB class responds with JSON responds to the URI http://host/catalog/items/ responds to HTTP GET
- 61. Get Item @Path("/items/") public class ItemsResource { @Path("{id}/") public ItemResource getItemResource( @PathParam ("id") Long id) { return new ItemResource (id, context); } } public class ItemResource { @GET @Produces ( "application/json") public ItemConverter get() { return new ItemConverter(getEntity(), context.getAbsolutePath(), expandLevel); } JAXB class http://host/catalog/items/123
- 64. Dojo client index.html <button dojoType="dijit.form.Button" onclick=" next "> Next </button> <div id="grid" dojoType =" dojox.Grid " model =" model " structure =" layout " autoWidth="true" > http://weblogs.java.net/blog/caroljmcdonald/archive/2008/08/a_restful_pet_c.html Grid widget
- 65. Dojo client.js formatImage = function(value) { if (!value) return ' '; return "<img src='" + value + "'/>"; }; // Data Grid layout // A grid view is a group of columns var view1 = { cells: [ [ {name: 'Name', field: "name"}, {name: 'Description', field: "description"}, {name: 'Photo',field: "imagethumburl", formatter: formatImage , }, {name: 'Price',field: "price"} ] ] }; // a grid layout is an array of views. var layout = [ view1 ]; // the model= collection of objects to be displayed in the grid model = new dojox.grid.data.Objects(null,null);
- 66. RESTful Pet Catalog Web Service http://petstore/catalog/resources/items/ HTTP GET {"url":"http://store/catalog/item1", {"url":"http://store/catalog/item2"} Response JSON slide urls Server Client Addressable Resources Web Container
- 67. Dojo client.js // make request to the items web service function loadTable (page){ start = page * batchSize; var targetURL = "resources/items/?start="+ encodeURIComponent(start); dojo.xhrGet ({ url: targetURL , handleAs: "json", load: handleResponse , error: handleError }); } // Process the response from the items web service function handleResponse ( responseObject , ioArgs){ // set the model object with the returned items list model .setData( responseObject.items.item ); } function next() { page =page + 1; loadTable (page); } Performs HTTP GET on url catalog/items
- 71. JavaFX Stage Scene Stage is the top level container window Scene is a drawing surface container that holds the scene graph nodes. content holds JavaFX graphical elements which define the graphical content of the application.
- 72. JavaFX Stage Scene // Application User Interface var stageContent: Node[]; stageContent = [bgImage, nextButton, backButton, titleText, thumbImageViewGroup, fullImageView ]; def stage = Stage { title: "Pet Catalog" width: 201 height: 201 scene : Scene { content : Group { content: bind stageContent } fill: Color.TRANSPARENT } } top level container window container holds the scene graph holds graphical elements
- 73. JavaFX Stage Scene var stageContent: Node[]; stageContent = [bgImage, nextButton, backButton, titleText, thumbImageViewGroup, fullImageView ]; def stage = Stage { title: "Pet Catalog" width: 201 height: 201 scene : Scene { content : Group { content: bind stageContent } fill: Color.TRANSPARENT } }
- 74. RESTful Pet Catalog Web Service http://petstore/catalog/resources/items/ HTTP GET Response XML items <item> <imageurl>http://host/catalog/images/anthony.jpg</imageurl> <name>Friendly Cat</name> <price>307.10</price> <productid>feline01</productid> </item> Server Client Addressable Resources Web Container
- 75. JavaFX HttpRequest function loadImageMetadata() { var start=page * 9; var request: HttpRequest = HttpRequest { location: " http://localhost:8080/catalog/resources/items/ " method: HttpRequest.GET onInput: function(input: java.io.InputStream) { var parser = PhotoPullParser{}; photos = parser.parse(input) ; } onDone: function() { updateImages() ; } } request.enqueue(); } Performs HTTP GET on url catalog/items
- 76. JavaFX HttpRequest public class PhotoPullParser { public function parse(input: InputStream): Photo[] { var photos: Photo[]; var photo: Photo; def parser = PullParser {input: input onEvent : function(event: Event) { if ( event.type == PullParser.START_ELEMENT ) { if(event.qname.name == " item " and event.level == 1) { photo = Photo { }; } } else if ( event.type == PullParser.END_ELEMENT ) { if( event.qname.name == " item " and event.level == 1) { insert photo into photos; } else if( event.qname.name == " imagethumburl " and event.level == 2) { photo.imagethumburl = event.text; } ... } } } parser.parse(); return photos; } <item> <imageurl>http://y.jpg</imageurl> <name>Friendly Cat</name> ... </item>