Unit 1 2-03

1. English for Beginners
Unist 1 – 2

2. Subject Pronouns
I
You
He
She
It
You
We
They
Subject Pronouns
I
You
He
She
It
You
We
They

3. • Ana = she
• Ana is my sister.
• She is my sister.

4. Ana and Maria = they

5. • Book= it
• Books = they

6. Verb be
(ser / estar)
Present Simple
Affirmative

7. Verb be
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
You are
We are
They are

8. • Short form
I am I’m
You are You’re
He is He’s
She is She’s
It is It’s
You are You’re
We are We’re
They are They’re

9. am
+ is + complement
are

10. Example
1. I am a student.
2. He is Italian.
3. She is an actress.
4. It is a cat.

11. • You are students.
• We are friends.
• They are from Poland.

12. • I am from France.
I’m from France.
• He is a doctor.
He’s a doctor.

13. am
+ is + not + complemet
are

14. Negative form:
I am not ‘m not
You are not aren’t
He is not isn’t
She is not isn’t
It is not isn’t
You are not aren’t
We are not aren’t
They are not aren’t

15. Examples:
1. I’m not your teacher.
2. You aren’t in room 13.
3. He isn’t James.
4. She isn’t Sam.

16. (+) She is American.
(-) She isn’t American.

17. Interrogative form
Am
Is + + complement ?
Are
1. Are you from England?
2. Is he your brother?

18. oAffirmative: She is Italian.
oInterrogative: Is she italian?

19. Short answers
Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.
Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.
Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

20. • Incorrect: Yes, I’m.
• Correct: Yes, I am.

21. • Are you a student?
Yes, I am.
No, I’m not.

22. what Qué
when Cuándo
where Dónde
why Por qué
who Quién
how Cómo / cuánto

23. “wh” questions
“wh” + be + + complement?

24. • Where are you from?
• What is your name?

25. Possessive
adjectives

26. Personal
Pronouns
Possessive Adjectives
I My
You Your
He His
She Her
It Its
You Your
We Our
They Their

27. a)I have a book.
My book is red.
b)You have a book
Your book is red.

28. c. She has a book.
____ book is red.
d. He has book.
____ book is red.

29. My car is blue.
My cars are blue.

30. + verb + complement
She is Ana.
• P.A. + noun
Her phone is white.

31. INDEFINITE
ARTICLES

32. • a / an = one
• Always singular
• a + consonant
She is a doctor.

33. • an / vowel
He is an accountant.
They are ___ doctors.

34. Exceptions:
Words that start with a silent “h”
An honor
An honest person
An hour

35. • Words that start with “u” or “eu” = “you”
sound
A European
A university
A unit

36. Plural nouns
1. To make the plural form of most
nouns, ad –s.

37. Singular Plural
One book Two books
One key Two keys
One apple Two apples
One elephant Four elephants

38. 2. End of noun: -ch, -s, -sh, -ss, -x,
-o
Plural form: add –es.

39. Singular Plural
Watch Watches
Box Boxes
Class Classes
Tomato Tomatoes

40. 2. End of noun: consonant + -y
Plural form: change y to i, add –es.

41. Singular Plural
Country Countries
Dictionary Dictionaries
Baby Babies
City Cities

42. • It’s a pen.
• They’re pens.

43. Irregular plurals
singular Plural
A man men
A woman Women
A child Children
A person People

44. Demonstratives
 To point out to people or things.
Singular Plural
This These cerca
That Those lejos

45. • What is this?
This is a ticket.
It’s a ticket.
• These watches are Japanese.

46. • That car is Italian.
• What are those?
– They’re head phones.

47. Adjectives
To describe people and things.
• She is tall.
• He is tall.
• They are tall.

48. be + adjective + noun
They’re blue jeans.

49. Modifiers
• He’s very tall.
• He’s quite tall.

50. Imperatives
• To give orders and instructions

51. Affirmative
Verb + complement
• Open the door.
• Turn right

52. Negative
Don’t + verb + complement
• Don’t open the door.
• Don’t turn right

53. Let’s
To make suggestions
Affirmative
Let’s + verb + infinitive
• Let’s go home.
• Let’s wait.

54. Negative
Let’s + not + verb
• Let’s not go home.
• Let’s not wait.