In this webinar Thomas Cook, Sales Director, AnzoGraph DB, uses real-world flight data to discuss RDF and its newer property-graph-functionality iteration, RDF*, wrapping up with a pair of real-world demonstrations via Zeppelin notebooks.

1. ©Cambridge Semantics Inc.
Company Confidential
Introduction to RDF* (RDF-Star)
Thomas Cook
Sales Director, AnzoGraph DB
Thomas.Cook@cambridgesemantics.com

2. RDF* facilitates Analytics
isA: <Man>
birthday: 09/17/1975
isA: <Woman>
Birthday: 4/23/1979
isA: <Place>
has: Water
has: Trees
partOf: <TheMountain>
friendOf
WentUp
WentUp
metAt=<TheHill>
metDate=07/04/2018
Date=07/04/2018
Date=07/04/2018
Costs, Weights, Probabilities and
Metadata such as Provenance can
be stored on the edges
RDF*/SPARQL* extensions to the
standard make W3C open standards
databases even more expressive
Person:
Jill
Person:
Jack
Place:
The Hill

3. https://www.transtats.bts.gov/ot_delay/OT_DelayCause1.asp?pn=1
Public Flight Delay Data Analysis

4. YEAR
MONTH
DAY
DAY_OF_WEEK
AIRLINE
FLIGHT_NUMBER
TAIL_NUMBER
ORIGIN_AIRPORT
DESTINATION_AIRPORT
SCHEDULED_DEPARTURE
DEPARTURE_TIME
DEPARTURE_DELAY
TAXI_OUT
WHEELS_OFF
SCHEDULED_TIME
ELAPSED_TIME
Input CSV – 32 Columns - 5,819,080 records
ELAPSED_TIME
AIR_TIME
DISTANCE
WHEELS_ON
TAXI_IN
SCHEDULED_ARRIVAL
ARRIVAL_TIME
ARRIVAL_DELAY
DIVERTED
CANCELLED
CANCELLATION_REASON
AIR_SYSTEM_DELAY
SECURITY_DELAY
AIRLINE_DELAY
LATE_AIRCRAFT_DELAY
WEATHER_DELAY

5. Defining Entities and Relationships
Flight
Airport
Airport
FlightDeparture
FlightArrival
DESTINATION
FlightAirport
Airport

6. Graph Model takes shape
Flight
AirportAirport
FlightDeparture FlightArrival
DESTINATION

7. Nodes have types and properties
Flight
YEAR
MONTH
DAY
DAY_OF_WEEK
AIRLINE
FLIGHT_NUMBER
TAIL_NUMBER
ORIGIN_AIRPORT
DESTINATION_AIRPORT
….
Node Type: Flight
Node Properties:
Airline,
Flight Number,
Tail Number,
etc
*Note: Types can also be called Labels, as in Labeled Property
Graphs or LPG

8. With RDF* edges can also have properties
AirportAirport
DESTINATION
DISTANCE = 187
AIRPORT_CODE = ‘BOS”
Edge Property:
DISTANCE
AIRPORT_CODE = ‘JFK”

9. ...
TABLE <s3://csi-notebook-datasets/Flight_Dataset/flights10k.csv>
('csv','global',',',true,'YEAR:int,MONTH:int,DAY:int,DAY_OF_WEEK:int,AIRLINE:char,FLIGHT_NUMBER:char,TAI
L_NUMBER:char,ORIGIN_AIRPORT:char,DESTINATION_AIRPORT:char,SCHEDULED_DEPARTURE:char,DEPARTURE_TIME:char,
DEPARTURE_DELAY:int,TAXI_OUT:int,WHEELS_OFF:char,SCHEDULED_TIME:int,ELAPSED_TIME:int,AIR_TIME:int,DISTAN
CE:int,WHEELS_ON:char,TAXI_IN:int,SCHEDULED_ARRIVAL:char,ARRIVAL_TIME:char,ARRIVAL_DELAY:int,DIVERTED:in
t,CANCELLED:int,CANCELLATION_REASON:char,AIR_SYSTEM_DELAY:int,SECURITY_DELAY:int,AIRLINE_DELAY:int,LATE_
AIRCRAFT_DELAY:int,WEATHER_DELAY:int')
Loading CSV with TABLE expression
Specify CSV file
name and location
CSV Column names
and Data Types

10. INSERT { GRAPH <airline_flight_network> {
?OriginIRI a <Airport> ;
<AIRPORT_CODE> ?ORIGIN_AIRPORT .
<< ?OriginIRI <DESTINATION> ?DestinationIRI >> <DISTANCE> ?DISTANCE .
?DestinationIRI a <Airport> ;
<AIRPORT_CODE> ?DESTINATION_AIRPORT .
<< ?DestinationIRI <DESTINATION> ?OriginIRI >> <DISTANCE> ?DISTANCE .
?FlightIRI a <Flight> ;
<YEAR> ?YEAR ;
<MONTH> ?MONTH ;
<DAY> ?DAY ;
<DAY_OF_WEEK> ?DAY_OF_WEEK ;
<AIRLINE> ?AIRLINE;
<FLIGHT_NUMBER> ?FLIGHT_NUMBER;
<TAIL_NUMBER> ?TAIL_NUMBER;
Conversion from CSV to RDF* Triples via SPARQL
Node Type: Airport
Node Type: Airport
Node Type: Flight
Node Properties:
Flight Number,
Tail Number,
etc
Edge Property:
Distance

11. Flight Delay Data
Airport Info
Census Data
FAA Aircraft Registrations
Integration and ELT

12. Combining additional data sets
Flight
AirportAirport
FlightDeparture FlightArrival
DESTINATION
CityState
Aircraft
Airline
Country
Airline
Aircraft
CityState
Country
FAA Airline Census Data
Flight Delay

13. Now we are ready to ask questions like:
BI-Style Analytics
#1 Longest flight segments by distance from Boston (BOS)
#2 Airports less the 400 mi from Boston (BOS) - Network Viewer output
#3 Longest distances between two airports
#4 Longest flights by elapsed time
#5 Airlines with the longest average delays
#6 Airlines with the most flights
#7 Longest 2 segments reachable from Boston and the distances of each segment
#8 Which segments have the longest average departure delays
Graph Algorithms
#9 Page Rank - Graph Algorithm - Show most well-connected airports based on page rank algorithm
#10 Shortest Path Graph Algorithm - show shortest paths using RDF* weighted edges

14. SELECT * from <airline_flight_network> where
{ SERVICE <csi:shortest_path> {
[]
<csi:binding-source-vertex> ?source_vertex_variable_name ;
<csi:binding-vertex> ?node ;
<csi:binding-predecessor> ?predecessor_variable_name ;
<csi:binding-distance> ?distance ;
<csi:graph> <airline_flight_network> ;
<csi:source-vertex> <BOS> ;
<csi:destination-vertex> <HNL> ;
<csi:edge-label> <DESTINATION> ;
<csi:weighted> <DISTANCE> .
}
}
Shortest Path graph algorithm leverages RDF*/SPARQL*

15. ©Cambridge Semantics Inc.
Company Confidential
info.anzograph@CambridgeSemantics.com
www.anzograph.com
AnzoGraph.com