Process Map Diagrams
Using Swimlanes.

Business Process Management
• Business Process Management is a term used by businesses for over a
decade that describes a process for executing and improving any
process. BPM is any process that would define a flow of business-type
activities and then connecting the activities toward a business
transaction.
Our Focus
Organisations use Business Process Modelling
in order to visually document, understand, and
improve their processes.

Business Process Modelling or Mapping?
• Business process mapping is a way to visualize what a business does
by taking into account roles, responsibilities and standards. Business
process modeling (BPM) takes this one step further by providing a
visual way to understand, analyze, and improve upon a current
method of working.
• Business process mapping is the tool focused on documentation. It shows
how work is done, not necessarily how it should be done.
• Business process modelling is more about in-depth analysis and optimizing
inefficiencies and bottlenecks.

Flowcharts and Swimlanes (main diffs)
Swimlane Process Diagram (Map)
• A swim lane process map breaks down a process into the steps required
to complete it and divides those steps by locating them in a lane
showing who’s responsible for completing them. It’s a useful tool for
analyzing and improving processes, especially when they involve
multiple parties.
Benefits.
• The benefit of the Swim Lane diagram approach is that it focuses on the
high risk interconnections between departments and teams, and helps
you spot more clearly issues and risks associated with these

Basic Components of Business Process Modelling
• Process. The overall workflow from a starting point to its successful
completion.
• Tasks or Activities. Something performed by a person or a system.
• Flows. This is indicated on the process map by connecting lines and arrows.
• Events. These are triggers that cause a process to begin, end, or may
redirect a process to a different path.
• Gateways. Decisions that can change the path of the process depending on
conditions or events.
• Participants. Specifically naming the people or systems that perform the
tasks or activities

Using Swimlanes for BPM main structures
Data
Document
Gateways
Events Start event
End event
Timer event
Parallel Fork/Join
Exclusive Decision/
Merge
Connections
Process flow
Message flow
Generic
+
X
-- |Annotations can be added Annotations
Lane 2
Lane 1
Pool & Swim Lanes
Pool

Swinburne
Slide 7
Business processes modelling with
Swim Lane Diagrams
Basic Structure of a Swim Lane Diagram
Start
End
Activity

Swinburne
Slide 8
Business processes modelling with
Swim Lane Diagrams
Starting a Simple Swim Lane Diagram on Expense Reporting
Scenario for PR Consulting: The consultant submits to his manager an expense report
with information on costs he has incurred for the job. The manager checks if the report
is correct in terms of allowable expenditures and pricing. If it is not correct the
manager returns the report to the consultant. If it is correct the manager forwards the
report to the Data Entry clerk who enters the data into the system.
Expense
Reporting
Identifying the responsible stakeholders for lane identification – who holds
key responsibilities in the scenario?

Swinburne
Slie 9
Business processes modelling with
Swim Lane Diagrams
Starting a Simple Swim Lane Diagram on Expense Reporting
Scenario for PR Consulting: The consultant submits to his manager an expense report
with information on costs he has incurred for the job. The manager checks if the report
is correct in terms of allowable expenditures and pricing. If it is not correct the
manager returns the report to the consultant. If it is correct the manager forwards the
report to the Data Entry clerk who enters the data into the system.
Expense
Reporting
Data
Entry
Clerk
Manager
Consultant
Identifying the responsible stakeholders for lane identification – who holds
key responsibilities in the scenario?

Swinburne
Slide 10
Business processes modelling with
Swim Lane Diagrams
Starting a Simple Swim Lane Diagram on Expense Reporting
Scenario for PR Consulting: The consultant submits to his manager an expense report
with information on costs he has incurred for the job. The manager checks if the report
is correct in terms of allowable expenditures and pricing. If it is not correct the
manager returns the report to the consultant. If it is correct the manager forwards the
report to the Data Entry clerk who enters the data into the system.
Expense
Reporting
Data
Entry
Clerk
Manager
Consultant
Now Identifying the start and end point, the key processes, decision and data
exchanges.

Swinburne
Slide 11
Business processes modelling with
Swim Lane Diagrams
Scenario for PR Consulting: The consultant submits to his manager an expense report
with information on costs he has incurred for the job. The manager checks if the report
is correct in terms of allowable expenditures and pricing. If it is not correct the
manager returns the report to the consultant. If it is correct the manager forwards the
report to the Data Entry clerk who enters the data into the system.

Swinburne
Expense
Reporting
Data
Entry
Clerk
Manager
Consultant
Slide 12
Decision
Gateway
Business processes modelling with
Swim Lane Diagrams
Finalising a Simple Swim
Lane Diagram on
Expense Reporting
Start
End
End
Activity
Scenario for PR Consulting: The consultant submits to his manager an expense report
with information on costs he has incurred for the job. The manager checks if the report
is correct in terms of allowable expenditures and pricing. If it is not correct the
manager returns the report to the consultant. If it is correct the manager forwards the
report to the Data Entry clerk who enters the data into the system.
Data
System
Expense
Data
Now transfer those discovered elements into the lanes using the correct symbols
and connecting lines.

Tools: Using Visio
There are many kinds of Visio diagrams, including organization
charts, network diagrams, workflows, and home or office
plans. But you use the same three basic steps to create nearly
all of them:
• Choose and open a template.
• Drag and connect shapes.
• Add text to shapes.
Further ref: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LBh5NdSBJQE

Tools: Using Lucid Charts
You may also add an online flow charting tool known as Lucid Chart to
Powerpoint or Excel.
• Select the Insert Tab.
• Select My Add-ins
• Once in My Add-ins select the Store option
• With the search option, search for “lucidcharts”
• This will require to use your Microsoft 365 login.
Further ref: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQ4nZH1TbAg

Your Task 1: Complete the follow activity scenario in
Swimlane format.

Navigation
Occupants
Driver
Continue
Driving
Check/
Adjust
Route
No
+
Snacks
+
Yes
GPS route map
Fill in the blanks.
• Use the provided Visio
unfished shell to complete
this activity.
• You may collude with your
class mates for assistance.