This presentation gives the student with an understanding of atmospheric & physical hazards associated with silo entry. The student will be able to describe the hazards; classifications, equipment and procedures for entering a silo. Meets OSHA & NFPA requirements where applicable. Presentation is over 60 slides in length. Estimated classroom time 1-2 hours plus hands on.

1. PREVIEW OF
GRAIN BIN RESCUE
BRAVE TRAINING SOLUTIONS
WWW.BRAVETRAINING.COM
Copyright 2020
R13 V1

2. PREREQUISITES
Required
NONE
Recommended
Hazmat Awareness
Rope Rescue Awareness
Confined Space Rescue Awareness

3. GOALS
List the potential hazards associated with Grain
Bin Rescue Operations
Identify ways to mitigate the risk of injury or
death from working around grain bin
operations
Summarize what steps to take in the case of
someone getting injured within a grain bin

4. OSHA
29 CFR 1910.272 is for maritime Grain Bin Safety
but OSHA recommends all employers follow
these standards

5. NFPA
NFPA 1006 & 1670 sets standards for how to
perform rescue
NFPA does not specifically address grain bin
rescue

6. DIFFERENT TYPES OF GRAIN STORAGE
Photo by Lakeworther
Photo by Valerie EverettPhoto by Mikemdt

7. FACTS
From 1964 to 2019 1,225 entrapments in the US
More than half in corn
Over 70% on family farms
2018- 27 deaths
2019-39 deaths
Source Perdue University

8. ENGULFMENT/ENTRAPMENT
HAZARDS
Bridging Conditions
Moisture or mold can cause
grain spoilage, forming a
crust, like ‘thin ice’ over a
pond
“Bridge” can easily collapse under a worker’s weight
“Bridge” may also fall onto a worker below
Drawing by Sundenga

9. GRAIN BIN EXPLOSION
Can happen when grain
dust in suspension &
ignition source is
introduced
Heat source can be
spark, flame
Drawing by Saeed B Farahani

10. POTENTIAL IGNITION SOURCES
Lightning strikes Open flames
Welding Cutting
Electric arcs & sparks Smoking
Electrostatic discharges Self-heating
Decomposition Grinding
Spontaneous combustion
Hot surfaces Chemical reactions
Mechanical impact

11. GRAIN HANDLING EQUIPMENT
Photo by four4dotd
Belt system
Could cause static electricity discharge
Drawing by Henry Kreutzer Benson

12. TOXIC GASES
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Asphyxiant, causes death
Methane (CH4)
Flammable, asphyxiant
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Aka Silo gas
Respiratory irritant

13. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
GO TO
GRAIN BIN