A presentation by Dr TLUD (Paul S. Anderson, PhD) at the 2017 ETHOS Conference in Seattle-Kirkland, Washington, USA.

1. Visions, Missions and Methods
to Resolve Cookstove
Problems: Summary
Juntos Energy Solutions, NFP
Paul S. Anderson PhD
“Dr TLUD” ( Doc Tee-lud ) psanders@ilstu.edu
A Presentation at the 2017 ETHOS Conference in
Seattle-Kirkland, WA, USA 27-29 January 2017

2. Introductions:
TLUD
micro-gasifier
stoves
Model: Champion
Material: Stainless steel
Factory price: US$ 40
Cooking fuel: Woodgas
Energy source: Biomass
Current number: 15,000

3. Cookstove Problems --- Well known
•Smoke, poor health, deforestation, climate,
etc.
•500 million households use solid fuels and
poor stoves
•Mainly in Asia (60%), Africa (30%), and Latin
America (10%)

4. Five (5) requirements for solving stove issues.
1. Sufficient fuel: Fuel must be available.
2. Quality stove technology: Promote only
appropriate quality stoves.
3. Acceptance by users: Only stoves that the people
want.
4. Financial viability: Realistic sources of sustainable
finances.
5. Manageable projects: Viable plans that cover all
these factors. Each project becomes a mission.

5. 1. Sufficient fuel
• Based on GACC and ESMAP joint
publication (Tech Rpt 007, 2015)
• Three major categories of fuels:
• Solid fuels: Dry biomass, charcoal
(wasteful production) and coal (fossil fuel)
• Modern Fuels: LPG/DME, natural gas
(NG), kerosene, and electricity
• Renewable fuels: Biogas, ethanol,
methanol, and solar ovens
• Worldwide, very few fuels can
serve 250 million households
(marked in red above).

6. 2. Quality stove technology
• Based on GACC and ESMAP joint
publication (Tech Rpt 007, 2015)
• Clean Cooking Solutions
• Advanced ICS [ Micro-
gasification of dry biomass ]
Woodgas stoves
• Fan Jet and TChar
• TLUD -- Fan Assisted (FA) &
TLUD -- Natural Draft (ND)
• Modern Fuel Stoves – LPG,
Electric & Nat. Gas
• Renewable Fuel Stoves –
Biogas, Ethanol & Solar

7. NOTE: The only overlaps of
sufficient biomass fuels
and clean stoves are with
woodgas stoves.
• Based on GACC and ESMAP joint
publication (Tech Rpt 007, 2015)
• Clean Cooking Solutions
• Advanced ICS [ Micro-
gasification of dry biomass ]
• Fan Jet
• TLUD – Fan Assisted (FA) &
TLUD – Natural Draft (ND)
• TChar

8. Two types of stoves use biomass to make
gases that can then be burned quite cleanly:
•Biogas,which uses anaerobic digestion of wet biomass
•Woodgas, which uses gasification of dry biomass
(e.g., TLUD)
• Contrast of the attributes of biogas and woodgas:
•Weight, transportability, storage, distribution,
climate factors, cost of materials, labor to maintain.
•So why is biogas elevated to “Renewable Fuel”
status and woodgas treated as something lesser?

9. Woodgas is modern and clean and efficient
• Woodgas stoves should NOT be classified with ICS stoves. ICS
is synonymous with standard burning of wood and charcoal.
Do not even call them Advanced ICS because it requires
explanations.
•Woodgas stoves (including TLUDs) are gas-
burning stoves that make their own gases.
• TLUD stoves also naturally produce charcoal that can be
“harvested” for later usage, or burned promptly, as in a TChar
stove.
• Additional benefits relate to biochar for improving soil & food
production, and fighting deforestation and climate change.

10. 3. Acceptability --- To whom??
•To the “judges” of what is “good enough.”
•See ESMAP 2015; see Mimi-Moto test results;
see Kirk Harris stove results; see whatever
tests you want. TLUDs are winners! ~Tier 4
•Is a TLUD good enough in the eyes of the
makers of ICS stoves? Maybe never, because
traditions and inertia die hard.
•Ultimately, to the stove users!!!

11. 3. Acceptance by users: Only
stoves that the people want.
•What do real stove users say about TLUD stoves?
•Deganga, WB, India project: 12,000
households. www.drtlud.com/deganga2016
•In Darjeeling, WB, India: 1500, and wanting
more. Called “Jadu” in Nepali, which means
“magic.” Communities are awaiting the stoves.
•Important to have concentration and support.

12. 4. Financial viability: Example of financial issues
• A. One TLUD stove costs US$40 FOB factory. Minimum project has 250
stoves for $10,000.
• B. Stoves are sold in the community for $15, which covers sales
commissions, local admin costs, and one year of stove monitoring, support and
maintenance. Note local job creation.
• C. End of first year: 4 carbon credits earned = $40 per stove ($10,000 total).
$5K to pay back half of initial stove costs. $2500 for local support for second year.
$2500 for administration, including monitoring and certification of carbon credits.
• D. End of second year: the same as for first year.
• E. End of third year and each year thereafter: $2500 for community-
selected benefits; $2500 for Program expansions; $2500 for local support for the
following year. $2500 for administration, validation, certification, etc.
• Note: The limiting component is funds for the initial purchase of stoves from
factories. The risk is whether carbon credits will be purchased. The Paris Agreement 2016 indicates yes.

13. TER™ Carbon Credits [TLUD Emission Reduction™ offsets]
C. Unlike CER and VER carbon credits, TER credits
1) can only apply to TLUD stove projects (assisting poor households)
2) TERs cannot be traded because
3) they are purchased for a specific past, present or future
carbon-offset purpose of the buyer.
4) TER credits have a set (non-negotiable) market value, set
at US$10 per TER credit for the first million credits.
5) These regulations reduce or eliminate financial
speculations and fluctuations in TER values.
The same reputable verifications & certifications apply.

14. 5. Implementation in manageable projects
----- at many levels. (Based on US$40 per stove)
Size-types Group Cluster Community Project Zone Territory Region World
Households
(Investment)
25
($1000)
250
($10,000)
2,500
($100,000)
25,000
($1 million)
250,000
($10 million)
2.5 million
($100 million)
25 million
($1 billion)
250 million
($10 billion)
Number
needed
10 million
groups
1 million
clusters
100,000
comm.
10,000
projects
1000
zones
100
territories
10
regions
1 world
(50% of need)
Examples in
India
Villages (100
to 150 people)
Upper Rongo
(mid, lower..)
Rongo,
Uluberia
East Darje.,
Deganga
Darjeeling
District WB
20 territories
in India
India 2
Notes and
Examples in
other places
(Minimum size
for starting in
a new,
unsupported
area.)
4 in Haiti
(NE, NW,
Central, S)
Uganda China 2
Oth.Asia 2
Africa 2
Lat. Am 1
Other 1
[Note: This
assumes that
other
acceptable
stove-types
can reach the
other half of
the most
impoverished
people.]

15. Vision for TLUD (Woodgas) stoves
•250 million TLUD stoves
•Half of the needed half-billion stoves
•Other stove types can cover the other half.
• LPG intends to provide 50 million stoves to poor
households in India by 2020, with Indian government
subsidy of one billion dollars. (10% of world need.)
• No goals are stated for ICS or other stove types.
•Aiming for completion by 2027.
•The work will be done via many manageable
projects and involve many talented people.

16. Status of Implementation
• Already started in West Bengal, India. Three locations (+ Deganga).
Strong, established methodology into the communities.
• Production capacity for making Champion stoves: 15,000 per
month. (All production is by private companies.)
• Established administration: Juntos NFP (not-for-profit, registered
in Illinois, USA) provides administration, bank accounts, website at
www.woodgas.com , & accepts PayPal transactions or direct funds.
• In need of assistance in all ways and at all levels. Interested
persons can name their preferred locations of action.

17. Financial realities
• Without funds to purchase stoves from factories, there are no
stoves going to the households that would use them.
• The TER carbon credits are possible because of stove USE, not
because of stove sales. And USE is monitored in TER projects.
• Will enough people and companies purchase TER carbon
credits at US$10? Or donate a $40 stove? If not, millions of
disadvantaged people will continue their “stove poverty.”
• The average carbon footprint of a USA resident is about 20
tCO2e per year, which could be offset by a $200 purchase of
TER carbon offsets.

18. Are you ready?
• Information about TER projects is slowly growing at www.woodgas.com .
Or contact Paul Anderson directly at psanders@ilstu.edu (Phone 309-452-7072)
• Purchases of TER carbon credits can be done online at: http://woodgas.com/tercc/
• Questions about donations for the purchase of TLUD woodgas cookstoves for use in
TER projects should be addressed to Paul Anderson at psanders@ilstu.edu
• Please consider becoming “carbon neutral” with TER credits in 2017.
• Please tell your friends about TLUD stove projects and TER carbon credits, etc.
• Organizations (including churches, corporations, and NGOs active in developing
countries) are encouraged to consider sponsorships of TLUD woodgas stove activities
and the purchase of TER carbon credits.