The presentation explains RWH and Waste Water treatment systems. Also highlights some happy harvesters

1. Water
Rainwater harvesting
Rebuilding an urban
water culture
Shubha Ramachandran
Biome Environmental Trust

3. The liberator – the hole in the
ground which yielded precious
water

4. Did the Buddha drink from this
well ? Sarnath 500 BCE

5. Vijayanagar Kingdom –
500 years ago

6. Bangalore – living
history (100 years

9. Where are these Wells ? A short quiz

11. BANNERGHATTA ROAD

12. Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3

13. Madiwala Wells

15. Koramangala Police Station

17. Agara Kalyani

18. Mestripalya

20. Photo : Norma Angelica Hernandez Berna
Ultimate source of all water :
RAIN

21. Local hydrologic cycle

22. Twin problems
Urban FloodingWater Scarcity

23. PARADOX ?

24. Rainwater
harvesting
components:
1) Catchment
2) Conveyance
3) Filtration
4) Storage
5) Recharge
<<< The saree is the
Catchment,
conveyance
The collection and storage of rain for future productive
use

25. MONTH DAYS QUANTITY (mm)
JAN 0.2 2.70
FEB 0.5 7.20
MAR 0.4 4.40
APR 3.0 46.30
MAY 7.0 119.60
JUN 6.4 80.80
JUL 8.3 110.20
AUG 10.0 137.00
SEP 9.3 194.80
OCT 9.0 180.40
NOV 4.0 64.50
DEC 1.7 22.10
TOTAL 59.8 970.00
Rainfall pattern in Bangalore
30 years data

26. How much water can I harvest

27. How much water do I use ?
Use Litres/person
Drinking 3
Cooking 4
Bathing 20
Flushing 40
Washing-clothes 25
Washing Utensils 20
Gardening 23
Total 135
Real Consumption range :
from 50 to 300 liters per person
per day
National Town planning Norms :
Urban : 135 Lpcd
Rural (Karnataka) : 55 Lpcd

28. How much water can I harvest
Plot Size Area(sqm) Avg 30mm
rain runoff
(KL)
Annual
970mm rain
runoff (KL)
No of days
of use
30ft x 40ft 110 3 96 142
60ft x 40ft 220 6 192 285
50ft x 80ft 367 10 321 475

Assumed 5 member families with a daily per capita consumption of
135 litres

Assumed only 90% runoff from rooftops

29. ….So how clean is Rainwater ?....
Rainwater in a Glass
Cauvery water in a Glass
-
Guess
Which is which ?
A Bucket of Rainwater in
Kurubarakunte village, Bangalore

30. A clean roof means clean
water

32. Join all the pipes……

33. Bring it to a Storage

34. Clean Rainwater :FRS &
Filtration

35. First rain separation – let the rain clean the
roof

36. Filter

37. Commercial Filters

39. Rain barrel : easiest way to begin rainwater harvesting

41. Storage

44. LEVELS !!!!

45. Mother of Rain Barrels

48. Groundwater recharge : Wells &
Borewells

49. Wells
`

50. The pit has reach the silt layer
Pit and concrete rings
Placing of the rings
Recharge Well :The making of a recharge well

51. Recharge wells details
Silt and leaves trap in a stormwater drain
Covers : grilled
or perforated
RCC

52. Rainwater sent for
recharge
Recharging a bore well
Outlet pipe in recharge well

53. Schema Front Section -
Recharge

58. Home in Vidyaranyapura

60. Home in Eastwoods

61. Renuka School

64. Renuka School Well

65. Trinity

67. Well in Haralur

71. Kaikondrahalli Lake

73. Borewells !
How does it look inside ?

74. Recharging directly into borewells
Need to be very very careful
About water quality

76. BWSSB Act
• 2400sqft and above (existing homes)
• 1200sqft and above (new homes)
• 20 litres of storage/recharge per sqm of
rooftop
• 10 litres of recharge per sqm of non
rooftop
• VALIDATION/INSPECTION process ?

77. Waste Water Treatment

82. Ravi Iyer

83. Home near Agara Lake – Waste
Water Reuse

91. The product  

92. Biome Environmental Trust
(Rainwater Club)
shubha@biome-solutions.com
www.rainwaterclub.org
www.biome-solutions.com
1022, 1st floor, 6th Block,
HMT Layout, Vidyaranyapura,
Bangalore – 560 097,
Phone : 080 41672790

93. CASE STUDY : RAINBOW DRIVE
Location Sarjapur Road, Bangalore – Ground water stressed area
Size 34 acres, approx 350 plots, 200 occupied
Details Currently governed by Plot owners association (Society) since 2002.
No BWSSB connection
Dependent on Ground water ( owned bore wells)

94. Entrance:
Prone to Flash
Floods during
Rain

95. WATER SUPPLY - SOURCE
In 2007 – 2 of 8 borewells yielding
…….and Individual homes calling Tankers
when layout supply not enough!!!

96. SUMMARY OF KEY PROBLEMS
•Increasing water insecurity – borewells drying up.
•Community as a whole not aware of the problems – wasteful
consumption
•Water Tankers not reliable.
•Flash flooding at entrance during heavy rains
•STP output water stagnating at entrance drains

97. IUWM INTERVENTIONS – FOUR PHASES
Phase Purpose Activities Results
Phase I Problem diagnosis, Getting people
on board
Data collection, communication to
people
Water literacy and problem statement
Phase II Ground water and Demand
management
Sourcing expertise,
Implementation of RWH
Kick off of RWH at HH and collective
level
Phase III Ground water and Demand
management
Finalising new Tariff regime,
continued investment in RWH
Second phase of RWH and New
Tariff regime
Phase IV Waste Water management Yet to start Intended to improve treatment and
reuse waste water for landscape

98. GROUND-WATER MANAGEMENT : RECHARGE
Land use % land area
Roof-tops 60%
Roads 25%
Open spaces 15%
Means Strategy for layout :
1.First target roof tops (Use
Common areas to demo)
2. Target Roads and storm water
drains

99. RECHARGE WELLS – THREE TYPES
Wells in Storm water drains
invested in by RWA
(Collective Investment)
Wells in Storm water
drains invested in by
House hold
(Just outside the house -
individual Investment)
Wells inside the
House
(individual
Investment)
Resulted in reduced flooding leading to greater
support
10 wells in 2007
30 wells in 2008
NOW 330 recharge wells across 300 houses.
No private borewells !

100. About Recharge wells
About Drain management
About Catchment management

101. Every household connection
METERED !!!!

102. New Water Tariff Policy – Increasing block tariff based
on production costs (Rs 16 – 17 / KL) understood
during Phase I
• Households invested in recharge at Household level get Rs
100/- discount on bill!
• Monthly Billing, not Bi-monthly any more !
• Rs 10/- per day fine for late payments !
• No supply of water to construction sites!
Consumption slab Tariff
0 – 10 KL Rs 10/-
10 – 20 KL Rs 15/-
20 – 30 KL Rs 25/-
30 – 40 KL Rs 40/-
> 40 KL Rs 100/-
DEMAND MANAGEMENT : REVISED TARIFF
REGIME

103. IUWM INTERVENTIONS – RESULTS
Immediate Impact observed
No Flooding during 2008 monsoon despite
heavier than normal monsoon.
People keeping track of their bills and
consumption:
Far less hosing of cars prevalent than before
Fixing of leaky pipes, valves, tanks
TODAY: WATER INDEPENDENT

104. Multi sourcing : Increasing urban reality
(Case of Bangalore)
Piped Water : Cauvery River
• Unreliable/erratic ?
• Scarcity
• Infrastructure growth
• Too cheap
• 100km from B’lore
• 500m below B’lore
Ground Water :
Bore/Open well
• Drying up
• Bad quality
Ground
Water :
Tanker Water
• Availability ?
• Quality ?
• Cost ?
Bottled Water
•Groundwater ?
•Why ?
• Is it really
necessary or
worth it ?