thesis topic

2.  The study population consisted of young patients less
than 45 years with diagnosis of acute myocardial
infarction

3. CAUSES

4.  The aortic diameter was recorded by M-Mode
echocardiogram at a level of 3 cm above the aortic
valve.
 Internal aortic diameters were measured by means of
a caliper in systole and diastole as the distance
between the trailing edge of the anterior aortic wall
and the leading edge of the posterior aortic wall.
 The maximum and minimum diameters at systole and
end diastole, respectively, were measured.

6.  Stiffness of the brachioradial arterial segment was
assessed by measuring pulse-wave velocity (PWV),
which is related to square root of elastic modulus
according to the Moens-Korteweg equation
 Hence, the stiffer the artery, the faster the PWV.

7.  Assessment of Brachial Artery Endothelial Function
Arterial endothelial function of the brachial artery
was assessed noninvasively by ultrasound
examination of the vasodilation response to
endothelium-dependent stimuli, as previously
reported
 The right brachial artery, proximal to the antecubital
fossa, was imaged longitudinally using the linear-
array transducer.
 Flow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation
was assessed by measuring the brachial artery
diameter at baseline and during reactive hyperemia.

8.  Reactive hyperemia was induced by deflating a cuff
previously inflated to 300 mm Hg for 4.5 minutes in
the forearm.
 Arterial flow velocity was measured at baseline and
during reactive hyperemia using pulsed-wave Doppler