1. Visual Dictionary
By: Jake Drum

2. Air Barrier Paper
• Required: Photograph
• Air barrier paper is used to control airflow in a building. it typically completely encloses the air within a
building resisting air flow and air pressure.
• Air barrier paper prevents outdoor air from getting into a building and the indoor air from getting outside
the building.

3. Attic Ventilation
• (photo) soffit vent- opening located under the eaves that allows fresh air to
enter the attic area and flow upward to the roof vents, where it is exhausted
• (Photo) ridge vent -vent installed at the peak of a sloped roof which allows
warm, humid air to escape a building's attic
• (Photo) gable vent- A screened vent installed at or near the peak of a roof gable
that allows warm attic air to escape.
• (Photo) roof turbine- round metal vents that have fins in them and stick up
from the roof surface. The fins are located in a dome-shaped housing that spins each time the wind
blows across it. The faster the wind speed, the faster the turbine rotates pumping more air from
the attic.

4. Backhoe
• (Photograph)
• Definition/Type of work- an excavator whose shovel bucket is attached to
a hinged boom and is drawn backward to move earth
• Width of bucket- 24”

5. Batter Boards
• (Photograph)
• Definition- Horizontal boards attached level to stakes, used to mark out the boundary of a
construction and establish the levels and building line

6. Brick Arches
• Photo and label of brick arch #1 (1 pt.)
• Photo and label of brick arch #2 ( 1pt.)
• Photo of an arch with a keystone and labeled
‘Arch with a Keystone’ (1 pt.); this needs
• to be a separate photo from #1 and #2
• Photo of centering definition-A temporary structure for support of the
parts of a masonry or concrete arch during its construction

7. Brick Bonds
• Brick bond #1 – Flemish bond - each course
alternates one header then one stretcher
• Brick bond #2 – English bond- a course of
headers followed by a course of stretchers
• Labeled photo of soldiers (1 pt.)
• Labeled photo of sailors (1 pt.)
• Labeled photo of stretcher rowlocks (shiners)
(1 pt.)

8. Brick Sizes
• King, 3 3/8” x 3” x 10”
• Modular, 4” x 2 2/3” x 8”

9. Bulldozer
• A tractor with a blade in front used for
pushing earth and rocks and building debris
and for coarse preliminary surface grading

10. Cladding
• Photo of brick clad structure (1 pt.)
• Photo of EFIS clad structure (1 pt.)
• stone clad structure random coursing
• Photo of wood board clad structure (1 pt.)
• Photo of wood shingle or shake clad structure;
• shake; guess which is shown in photo Wood SHINGLES are
milled smooth and beveled, and should be installed with
the thicker lower ends raised on wood strips (both over a
solid layer of roofing felt on the roof sheathing) so that the
shingles can dry out. Wood SHAKES are rough split with
very uneven surfaces, and can be installed with overlapping
layers of felt between the layers of shakes (wood strips are
not as necessary, but can be used, also).(1pt.)

11. Code Requirements
• Photo of door or window egress from
bedroom. If door, explain that window size is
irrelevant. For windows, list critical
measurements; state why or why not your
window meets code ( 1 pt.)
•
• Give tread and riser dimensions. Show calculations and indicate why this
stair does or does not meet IBC code. (1 pt.)

12. Concrete Joints
• control joint- Tooled, straight grooves made
on concrete floors to quot;controlquot; where the
concrete should crack.
• photo of a crack near a control joint (1 pt.)
• Photo and isolation joint- Separation that
allows adjoining parts of a structure to move
freely from one another, both in the horizontal
and vertical directions. Column is being
isolated from slab

13. Concrete Masonry Unit
• 1 CMU = 3 brick courses
• CMU-— large rectangular brick (most commonly 8 in × 8 in × 16 in) used in
construction. Concrete blocks are made from cast concrete, i.e. Portland cement
and aggregate
• 2 different size CMU
• Labeled photo of decorative CMU surface finish

14. Decorative Concrete Masonry Units
• Photo of installed units of split block
• ribbed split-face block and striated blocks

15. Door Hands
• Photo of Interior right hand door; indication of what
type of spaces that are divided and which is on which
side of the door (1 pt.)
• Photo of Interior left hand door; indication of what
type of spaces that are divided andwhich is on which
side of the door (1 pt.)
• Photo of Interior right hand reverse door; indication of
what type of spaces that are divided and which is on
which side of the door (1 pt.)
• Photo of Interior left hand reverse door; indication of
what type of spaces that are divided and which is on
which side of the door (1 pt.)

16. Doors
Top rail
• Exterior flush door
• exterior panel door panel, stile, top rail, lock
rail, and bottom rail Lock rail
• transom
• Sidelight
Bottom rail
stile

17. Electrical Components
• Photo, label, and function of a power pole with a
transformer or and undergroundtransformer box (1
pt.)- used to support overhead electrical wires
• Photo, label, and function of a service head (1 pt.)-
• Photo, label, and function of a meter (1 pt.) A device
used to measure and record the amount of electric
power used by a consumer
• Photo, label, and function of a service panel (1 pt.)
Electrical panel, containing circuit breakers, which is
the distribution point for the entering electric service
• , label, and function of a duplex receptacle (1 pt.)
Electrical outlet with space for two plugs.

18. Framing Elements
Anchor bolt
Sole plate
• #1 anchor bolt
• #2 and photo of sill plate
• subflooring
#3 and photo of floor joist
• #4 subflooring sheathing
• #5 sole plate
• #6 stud Stud
• #7 top plate Sole plate
Ceiling joist
• #8 ceiling joist
• #9 rafter
• #10 roof decking
• #11 sheathing Rafter
• #12 stringer
stringer

19. Front End Loader
• used to load material (asphalt, demolition
debris, dirt, feed, gravel, logs, raw
minerals, recycled material, rock, sand, wood
chips, etc.) into or onto another type of
machinery (dump truck, conveyor belt, feed-
hooper, rail-car, etc.).

20. Gypsum Board
• Wallboard consisting of layers of gypsum and
paper, used in walls and partitions as a
substitute for plaster
• Photo of gypsum board installed, but not
painted

21. Heat Pump
• Required for both points: List one advantage
of heat pumps
• Required for both points: List one
disadvantage of heat pumps
• Labeled photo of compressor/condenser and
tell what it’s doing (1 pt.)
• Labeled photo of air handling unit and tell
what it’s doing (1 pt.)

22. Insulation
• Required for each point: Tell what the purpose
of insulation is
• Labeled photo of batt or blanket insulation (1
pt.)
• Labeled photo of loose fill insulation (1 pt.)
• Labeled photo of foamed insulation (1 pt.)
• Labeled photo of rigid board insulation (1 pt.)

23. Lintel
• Labeled photo of angle steel lintel or concrete
lintel
• Definition of lintel

24. Mortar
• mortar joint #1
• #1= troweled
• size: 5/8”
• Used on a house
• type M mortar
• mortar joint #2
• #2= tooled
• Size: 7/8”
• used on a house
• Type M mortar

25. Oriented Strand Board
• OSB consists of wood strands bonded with adhesives to form a mat. these mats
are layered and oriented for maximum strength, stiffness and stability. The
individual strands are typically three to four inches long. And are not veneered

26. Plumbing
• Lavatory-fixed bowl or basin with running water and
drainage for washing. Bathroom sink.
• piping used to drain a lavatory = 1-1/2”
• water closet
• Photo of a manufactured shower or tub set in framing
prior to gypsum board being installed
• Required: Photo of a plumbing roof vent
• VTR depressurizes the waste piping of indoor
plumbing, preventing the passage of sewer gas into the
home
• kitchen or bathroom sink installed in a countertop

27. Plywood
• plywood- type of engineered board made from thin sheets of wood, called
plies or wood veneers. The layers are glued together, each with its grain at right
angles to adjacent layers for greater strength
• Veneer- A thin decorative covering of fine wood applied to coarser wood or
other material; An attractive appearance that covers or disguises true nature

28. Radiant Barrier
• Radiant barrier- A radiant barrier is a reflective surface, on or near a
building component, that intercepts the flow of radiant energy to and from the
building

29. Rebar
• Photo of rebar – at least 1’ exposed
• Diameter= # 5 = 5/8”
• Deformed to help the concrete get a grip on
the bar

30. Steep Roof Drainage
• Gutter- a channel along the eaves or on the roof;
collects and carries away rainwater
• Downspout- A vertical pipe that carries
rainwater from the guttering of a building to a drain or the
ground
• Splash block- A pad placed under the lower end
of a downspout and diverts the water from the downspout
away from the house

31. Steep Roof Materials
• Underlayment- An asphalt-saturated felt or
other sheet material (may be self-adhering) installed
between the roof deck and the roof covering, usually
used in a steep-slope roof construction
• clay tile roof
• Shingle- a small, thin piece of building
material, often with one end thicker than the
other, for laying in overlapping rows as a covering for
the roof
• preformed metal roof- is a roofing system
made from metal pieces or tiles. It is a component of
the building envelope.

32. Steep Roof Shapes
• gable roof
• gambrel roof
• hip roof
• mansard roof

33. Steep Roof Terms
• ridge
• valley
• eave
• rake
• fascia
• building without a fascia
• soffit

34. Vapor Retarder
• Required: Photo of a vapor retarder
• A vapor retarder resists diffusion of moisture through wall, ceiling and floor
assemblies of buildings. In climate zones that have warmer winters they are
usually placed on the exterior

35. Waterproofing
• Required: Photo of waterproofing
• waterproofing resists or does not allow water passage
• Picture is of liquid applied waterproofing the advantages of this are- Controlled
curing faster in variety of climates , Applied in any thickness, Available in vertical or
horizontal grades, Applied to OSB, Plywood, Metal and Concrete.

36. Weep Hole
• Weep hole- A small drain hole for water. In brickwork it is used above a
damp-proof course
• Required: Photo of weep hole

37. Welded Wire Fabric
• Measurement of grid in both directions= 6x8

38. Windows
• Photo of window #1 in open position
• Casement window
• It is a casement window because it is hinged on the
side and opens outward
• Photo of window #2 in open position
• Double hung
• it is a double hung because it has two
sashes, upper and lower, that slide vertically past
each other
• Photo of window #3 in open position
• Sliding window
• It is a sliding window because it opens by sliding
horizontally