Presentation during the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) 15th Agriculture and Fisheries Technology Forum and Product Exhibition Seminar Series on August 15, 2019 at BAR Grounds, cor. Visayas Ave., Elliptical Rd., Diliman, Quezon City

1. TO GOD BE THE GLORY...
Thanks be to GOD, who gives us
the victory through our Lord Jesus
Christ. 1 Cor. 15:57.

2. "JOVIMIN :Micronutrient
Supplement for Small
Ruminant"
Paper presented during the National Technology Forum
on August 15, 2019 at DA-Bureau of Agricultural Research
Diliman, Quezon City
DR. JOVITA M. DATUIN
Chief Science Research Specialist
Department of Agriculture – Regional Field Office 1
Research Division
City of San Fernando, La Union
®

3. Rationale
•Pressing need on animal
agriculture arises from the need to
increase meat production for the
growing population
• As the need for food become
acute, man and animals would
compete for feed grains
• Livestock would have to depend
more on products that the humans
can not eat such as crop residues.
• In order to meet this goal, the
development of the goat industry
and alternative technology options
should be pursued
• The overall challenge is to
increase the overall
production of protein foods
from animals

4. Why raise goats?
•Raising goats is an important
component of the country’s
agricultural system
• Security asset providing
emergency cash in times
of flooded and drought
affected crops due to
climate change• Requires less investment cost
& local feed resources
• Considered as the “mobile
bank” (ATM : animal to money
for smallhold farmers
• Potential source of sustained
income to rural enterprises

5. Why raise goats?
•It is considered rural growth booster
• Sustainable goat enterprise
deserves a top priority to intensify
and build up farmers’ living asset
• Innovative Goat Production System is a holistic
approach to ensure sustainable livelihood enterprises
to small hold farm families

6. As of 1 January 2019, the top three regions in terms of inventory were
Central Visayas, Western Visayas and Ilocos Region, These regions
contributed 39.70 percent to the country’s total goat inventory
Distribution of Goat Inventory by Region, as of Jan. 1, 2019

7. Major Problems of the goat industry
l
Low priority
Gov’t Prog
Diseases and
High Mortalities
Lack of
nutrition
Lack of good
breeders
No breed’g
plan
Lack of
knowledge
Low
Productivity
Wide
Performance
Variability
Low productivity and
Profitability

8. Goat Industry Strategic Plan (ISP) 2020
 preweaning mortality 25 – 10 %
 slaughter weight 15 – 30 kg
 kidding interval 9 – 8 mos.
 natural conception rate 80 – 95 %

9. Innovative Goat
Production Technologies

10. Breeding Management
(Upgrading and Controlled Breeding)
•Genetic improvement of stocks
through cross-breeding with
Anglo and Boer
•Upgrading of selected native
thru buck loan
Photo courtesy of Mr. Mark Anthony Glori

11. •Produce stocks with improved
growth rate , body size, and
milk yield, thus increasing
productivity and consequently
profitability of the enterprise
Photo courtesy of Mr. Mark Anthony Glori

12. Goats are raised under complete or
semi-confinement with elevated slatted
floors and made from locally available
materials such as bamboo animals are
protected from exposure to adverse
Environmental condition to lessen
mortality/morbidity and reduce access
to the infective stage of the parasites
Improved Housing and Stall Feeding

13. Feeding Management
•Optimizes use of locally available feed materials while
meeting the nutritional requirements of the animals
• Feeding strategy using cheap, locally available feed
materials and a combination of appropriate feeding
technologies
Desmanthus Centrosema
Flemingia Stylo
Arachis
Siratro
Pictures courtesy of SRC, CLSU
Legumes
(30%)
AcaciaKakawate
Katuray
Natural bushes
and trees
Ipil-ipil

14. Animal Health Management
•Reduced dependence on chemical anthelmintics
•Application of an effective dewormer that will practically
eliminate worms of the animal
• careful planning in the
use of chemical
dewormers to animals
• animals are dewormed
twice a year-first before
the onset of the rainy
season and the next
during the peak rainy
months.

15. Adoption of Innovative Goat Production Technologies
(CY 2009-2016)
Basket of
Technology Options
%
Adoption
Housing 100
Stall Feeding /Legume
Supplementation
100
Upgrading 100
Strategic Deworming 100
Improved Forage/Pasture 40
Concentrate/Vitamin/
Salt Supplementation
30
UMMB/UTRS
Supplementation
20

16. Outcomes on the low utilization of urea molasses mineral block
EVALUATION
PROCESS/CRITERIA
RESULTS/OUTCOME/IMPACT
Feed backing and testimonies of
farmers during meetings/site visit
Fourteen years of observation was noted that
despite the nutritional advantages of using UMMB/
UTRS, the farmers response registered a very low
adoption, hence the opportunity to develop and
innovate new product
Regular monitoring and farm
visit/farmer to farmer exchange of
experiences
The use of UMMB technology prohibits the use of
the product to weanlings and pregnant does and
might pose urea toxicity when consumed by
animals in higher amount. Moreover, the use of
urea and cement as binder is costly
Develop an innovative natural
micro nutrient balls for goats good
for all ages
Finally, the trademark “JOVIMIN” was issued a
certificate of Registration by the Bureau of
Trademarks and released to DA BAR 08 Sept. 2016

17. WHY DEVELOP JOVIMIN BALLS?
Poor quality roughages, e.g. cereal straws, poor quality hay, or
dry-season forage that contains a lot of stem but not much leaf,
can be deficient in crude protein (N).
Insufficient N in the diet means that rumen microorganisms
cannot make enough microbial protein for the maintenance or
growth of ruminants.
This can become critical, resulting in loss of condition and
increased disease risk.
A reality of climate change affecting the growth of crops,
forages for livestock requires an additional micro nutrient
supplementation

18. Nutrient Requirements of Goats
• Water
• Carbohydrates
• Protein
• Fats
• Vitamins
• Minerals

19. R&D Projects Conducted
Component Project Title Remarks
1 Development of a natural
micro nutrient supplements for
goats and other ruminants
without the use of urea (non
protein nitrogen ) and cement
as binder to support the
growth performance of goats
2013-2015
2 Development of different
variants using highly digestible
protein supplements fortified
with macro and micro nutrients
2015-2016
3 On station and on farm growth
and reproductive performance
trials using the innovative micro
nutrient supplements
2016-2019

20. Component Project Title Remarks
4 Development of a micro
nutrient pellet for goats
DA RFO I– PHILMECH
2018-2019
5
Development of appropriate
prototype of hammer mill, mixer
and pelletizing machine
PHILMECH – DA RFO I
On-going
R&D projects conducted

21. Components Project Title Remarks
6 Study on the Shelf life,
development of packaging
materials and fabrication of
equipment for large scale
production. A collaborative
project with UPLB College of
Engineering and PHILMECH.
On-going
7 Technology Commercialization
on the Promotion and
Utilization of Natural Micro
Nutrient Supplements for
Ruminants
Ways forward
R&D projects conducted

22. Unique Features
of
Ruminants Animals

23. Gastric
compartment
(in liters)
Cattle Sheep/
Goat
Rumen 202 23.4
Reticulum 8.0 2.0
Omasum 19 0.9
Abomasum 23 3.3
Small intestine 66 9.0
Cecum 10 1.0
Large
intestines
28 4.6
TOTAL 356 44.2
• Forage remains in
the rumen and
reticulum about 48
to 60 hours for
fermentation
process
• Omasum - about 8
hrs
• Abomasum – about
3 hrs
Unique Features of Ruminants

24. Unique Features of GIT Tract of Ruminants
• The microbes synthesize nutrients for their host,
in a true type of symbiotic relationship
• They synthesize or manufacture all the B-
complex vitamins and all the essential amino
acids
• Finally, the beneficial microorganism give their
life to their host in payment for food and shelter
being digested further along in the
gastrointestinal tract.

25. • MORE SPACE – 9X the digestive tract
capacity of a man
• The GI tract is ¼ of the live weight of the
animal
• More microorganisms – rumen bacteria
range from 25-50 B/ml and protozoa 200 T-
500T/ml.

26. • They make it possible for ruminants to utilize
roughages and digest the fiber.
• They produce the volatile fatty acids, (butyric,
acetic and propionic) and provide 60-80% of the
energy needs.
Important Functions of Microorganisms

27. A NOVELTY INNOVATION FOR ALL
AGES OF GOATS
Development of Natural
Micro Nutrient Supplement

28. Certificate of Registration

29. Proximate Analysis of Micro Nutrient Balls
An innovative product – micro nutrient balls, which is
made safe for goats at all physiological stages
Parameters Percentage
pH 4.95%
Ash 15.91%
Crude protein 5.95%
DM 85.64%
MINERALS
P 2.56 ppm
Zn 40.69 ppm
Mn 128.73 ppm
Cu 7.78 ppm
Fe 3559.6 ppm
Results of analysis issued by Regional Feed
Laboratory, DA-RFO 1, San Fernando City, LU

30. Results of Proximate Analysis at UPLB -Biotech
An innovative product – JOVIMIN micro nutrient balls,
which is made safe for goats at all physiological stages
Parameters Percentage
Moisture 19.92%
Ash 15.71%
Crude protein 6.99%
Crude Fiber 2.45%
Crude Fat 6.39%
MINERALS
Ca 21,985 ppm
Mg 5,674 ppm
Na 8,224 ppm
K 19,716 ppm
Cu 12.47 ppm
Fe 2,223 ppm
Mn 138.26 ppm
Zn 29.86 ppm
Results of analysis issued by National Institute of
Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna

31. • Goats have an ability to thrive in harsh
environments.
• There high digestive ability enables them to
deal with high cellulose/high fiber diets of a
very coarse nature.
• Goat is an intelligent animal and usually
manages on free range to eat herbs, weeds
and other deep rooted plant material which
has relatively high mineral content.
Importance of Mineral Nutrient for Goats

32. • A goat is at least 50% more productive and
efficient for its body weight, means that if a
goat is giving its own body weight in milk every
10 days or less, it is therefore utilising vast of
vitamins and minerals.
• A goat also needs more minerals and vitamins
for maintenance too: with its relatively large
digestive system in relation to its body size, the
work of digestion involves the use and loss of
large quantities of minerals.

33. • Calcium and Phosphorous considered a
high levels minerals, interactive with Vitamin
D as well as iron and copper,99% is stored in
the skeleton and 1% is used vitally in
enzymatic processes, cell transport & blood
clotting
• Normally a positive calcium balance during
pregnancy when the skeleton is added to
and after kidding where up to 30% of the
skeleton may be utilized

34. • Magnesium is found 70% in the bones
and teeth, the rest in the blood
• Zinc also found in skin, hair and enzymes.
Supplementing with Zn is a real benefit
especially to suckling goats
• Cobalt directly involved in the formation
of Vitamin B12

35. • Goats with deficiency in copper can
be seen with the appearance of
“swayback” actually does sway and
the goat has difficulty walking
• Iron is a component of blood
hemoglobin contains 75% of the
body,fundamental to all living tissue

36. Minerals Function Deficiency Requirement JOVIMIN Micro
Nutrient Balls
Sources
Calcium
(Ca)
Necessary for
muscle
contraction,
nerve
conduction,
blood
clotting
Rickets,
bowing of
limbs,
lameness
0.4% 21.9 +1.4 ppm Legumes,
limestone, bone
meal,
di-calcium
phosphate
Phosphorous
(P)
Soft tissue
and bone
growth.
Energy
metabolism
and acid –
base
balance.
Reduced
growth, pica,
decreased
serum
phosphorous
0.4% 2.56 + 0.28 ppm Protein
supplements,
cereal by products,
mono and di
calcium phosphate
Sodium(Na) As
electrolytes
in the body
and lost in
diarrhea
Reduced
growth and
Feed
efficiency
0.2% 8.224 + 92 ppm Salt lick
Mineral Functions, Deficiency and their Sources

37. Minerals Function Deficiency Requirement JOVIMIN
Micro
Nutrient Balls
Sources
Potassium
(K)
As
electrolytes
in the body
and lost in
diarrhea
Deficient in high
concentrate
diets-poor
appetite,
urinary calculi,
stiffness
progressing
from front to
rear, pica
0.8-2.0% 19.7 + 264
ppm
Forages
Chloride As
electrolytes
in the body
and lost in
diarrhea
Depressed
growth
0.15% Forages

38. Minerals Function Deficiency Requirement JOVIMIN
Micro
Nutrient Balls
Sources
Sulfur (S) Protein synthesis,
including milk
production and hair
production,
production of amino
acids enzymes,
hormones,
hemoglobin,
connective tissue
and vitamins
Poor
performance,
hair loss,
excessive saliva,
excess tearing of
eyes, weakness
0.2-0.32% Sulfur blocks
Magnesium
(Mg)
Proper function of
nervous and
muscular systems,
enzyme systems;
closely associated
with metabolism of
calcium &
phosphorous.
Essential component
of bones and teeth.
Death; loss of
appetite,
excitability,
staggering,
convulsion,
deficiency on
fast growing lush
pasture,
especially cool
season grasses
called grass
tetany
0.18-0.4% 5.6 + 41% Forages,
magnesium
oxide fed
with protein
supplement
to prevent
grass tetany

39. Minerals Function Deficiency Requirement JOVIMIN
Micro Nutrient
Balls
Sources
Iron (Fe) Component of
hemoglobin,
required for oxygen
transport;
component of
certain enzymes
Anemia lack
of
hemoglobin
50-1000 ppm 2,223 + 60
ppm
Iron is stored in
the liver,
spleen and
bone marrow;
iron is very low
in milk, kids
raised for a
long time on
milk alone will
develop
anemia
Copper
(Cu)
Essential for
formation of
hemoglobin;
component of
enzymes
Anemia,
rough
“bleached
coat”,
diarrhea and
weight loss
10-80 ppm 12.47 ppm +
0.04
Forages,
grains, mineral
supplements,
trace mineral
salt, organic
copper
Cobalt
(Co)
Essential for
formation of vitamin
B-12;Rumen
microbes utilize
cobalt for growth
Loss of
appetite,
anemia,
decreased
production,
weakness
0.1-10 ppm Most natural
feedstuffs

40. Minerals Function Deficiency Requirement JOVIMIN Micro
Nutrient Balls
Sources
Zinc (Zn) Required for the
immune system
function
Dermatitis,
thick dry
patches of
skin hair loss,
lesions,
swollen feet,
poor hair
growth, loss of
hair; essential
for male
reproduction
40-500 ppm 29.86 +1.41
ppm
Bran and
germ of
cereals
Manganese Bone formation
reproduction
enzyme functioning.
Reluctance to
walk,
deformity of
forelegs,
Delayed onset
of estrus, poor
conception
rate; Low birth
weight
40-1000 ppm 138.26 + 4.33 Manganese

41. Minerals Function Deficiency Requirement JOVIMIN
Micro Nutrient
Balls
Sources
Selenium Requires vitamin E
reproduction;
metabolism of
copper, cadmium,
mercury, sulfur, and
vitamin E.
Poor growth
rate, kids
unable to
sucks; white
muscle
disease;
sudden death
by heart
attack
progressive
paralysis;
retained
afterbirth
0.2-3ppm Most plants
which are not
grown is
selenium
deficient soils
Molybdenu
m
Very rare 0.1-3 ppm
Iodine Formation of thyroid
hormones which
regulate energy
metabolism
reproduction
Late term
abortion,
hairless fetus,
weak kids
0.5-50 ppm Iodized salt

42. SUMMARY OF JOVIMIN FEEDING TRIALS
Region I San Jacinto,
Manaoag,Umingan &
Alaminos City,
Pangasinan;
Bacnotan, La Union
Region IV-A (San
Antonio, Quezon &
Tanay, Rizal)
Region II (Echague
Isabela)

43. Performance trials of growing goats (F1 upgrades) supplemented
with JOVIMIN under semi-confinement feeding management
system
Site
No. of
experim
ental
Goats
(heads)
Without JOVIMIN(control) No. of
experimen
tal
Goats
(heads)
WITH JOVIMIN
Ave.Initial
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Final
Weightt
(kg)
Ave.Gain
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Initial
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Final
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Gain
Weight
(kg)
San Ramon,
Manaog,
Pangasinan
6 12.95 15.97 3.02 6 12.83 18.66 5.83

44. Site
No. of
experim
ental
Goats
(heads)
Without JOVIMIN(control) No. of
experimen
tal
Goats
(heads)
WITH JOVIMIN
Ave.Initial
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Final
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Gain
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Initial
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Final
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Gain
Weight
(kg)
San Jose
Jacinto,
Pangasinan
6 14.62 16.00 1.38 6 14.85 21.00 6.15
Performance trials of growing goats (F2 Anglo Nubian)
supplemented with JOVIMIN under pure-confinement feeding
management system

45. Site
No. of
experim
ental
Goats
(heads
Without JOVIMIN(control) No. of
experimen
tal
Goats
(heads
WITH JOVIMIN
Ave.Initial
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Final
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Gain
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Initial
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Final
Weight
(kg)
Ave.Gain
Weight
(kg)
Labney San
Jacinto,
Pangasinan
9 14.60 16.42 1.82 9 14.65 24.42 9.77
Performance trials of growing goats (F2 Boer) supplemented with
JOVIMIN under pure-confinement feeding management system

46. SITES
No. of
ready to
bred
goats
(heads)
Without JOVIMIN
(Control)
No. of
ready to
bred goats
(heads)
With JOVIMIN
Non
Pregnant
does
(heads)
Pregnant
does
(heads)
% of
Pregnant
does
Non
Pregnant
does
(heads)
Pregnant
does
(heads)
% of
Pregnant
does
Manaoag,
Pangasinan 12 9 3 25 12 3 9 75
Reproductive performance of ready to bred goats
supplemented with JOVIMIN

47. Photo Documentation in Different Sites in the
Province of Pangasinan

48. Treatments
No. of
experimental
goats
(heads)
Average
Initial
Weight
(kg)
Average
Final
Weight
(kg)
Average Gain
in Weight
(kg)
Without
JOVIMIN
Balls
6 8.50 11.00 2.5
Without
JOVIMIN
Balls
6 8.50 13.33 4.83
Growth performance of confined growing goats
supplemented with JOVIMIN at Umingan, Pangasinan

49. Parameters
Without JOVIMIN
Balls
With
JOVIMIN Balls
No. of breeder goats
(heads)
9 9
Average kid size 1.5 2
Average offspring
produced
14 18
Average birth weight
(kg)
1.91 2.31
Average weaning
weight (kg)
6.2 9.8
Average gain in weight
(kg)
4.29 7.49
Reproductive performance of ready to bred goats
supplemented with JOVIMIN at Alaminos City,
Pangasinan

50. Kid Description Sex
Birth
weight
(kg)
Weight at
3 months
(kg)
Gain in weight
after 3 months
(kg)
Black color F 2.25 9.95 7.7
Brown color F 1.9 11.35 8.58
Orphaned kids given with foster milk fortified with JOVIMIN
solution at Alaminos City, Pangasinan

51. Feeding Trials in DA-ILIARC, Bacnotan La Union
Treatments
Average Initial
Weight of 6
growing Boers
(kg)
Average Final
Weight of 6
growing Boers
(kg)
Average gain in
Weight (kg)
Without
JOVIMIN Balls
16.17 18.50 2.33
With
JOVIMIN Balls
15.50 19.50 4.00

52. On farm feeding trials of growing goats
Supplemented with JOVIMIN at EDEN goat farm
Echague, Isabela
Treatments
No. of experimental
growing does
Significant findings
Without JOVIMIN
(control)
6 (heads)
ADG after 120 days
feeding trials was 0.1
kg.
With JOVIMIN 6 (heads)
ADG after 120 days
feeding trials was 4.0
kg.
• After 120 feeding trials growing goats supplemented with JOVIMIN were
all pregnant

53. Growth & Reproductive Performance of Goats
supplemented with JOVIMIN at Tanay, Rizal
REMARKS
Average Initial
Weight
(kg)
Average Final
Weight
(kg)
Average gain
in Weight
(kg)
GROWING
DOES
(4heads)
14.5 21.3 6.8
GROWING
BUCKS
(6heads)
18.1 25.1 6.9
PREGNANT
(1head)
24 38
14
(Kidded 12/29
male 4.5kg)

54. Photo documentation in Tanay, Rizal

55. Anglo Nubian-56 Kg Anglo Nubian-37Kg Anglo Nubian-37 Kg
Alpine-54Kg Alpine-55Kg Alpine-42 Kg
The Pregnant Does

56. Alpine-41Kg
Lamancha-
Nubian Cross-
47Kg
Lamancha-
Nubian Cross-
32Kg

57. SEMINAR ON INNOVATIVE GOAT TECHNOLOGIES
FEATURING JOVIMIN MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS
Event Date Venue
National Organic
Congress 2016
November 22-24 2016 Convention Center,
Laoag Ilocos Norte
Agricultural Trade Fair October 10, 2016 SM City Rosales,
Pangasinan
DOST Science
Technology Week
November 16, 2017 Robinson,
Ilocos Norte
Upscaling medium
scale goat enterprise
lecture seminar series
September 21, 2017 DA-BAR Q.C Manila
DOST Science
Technology Week
September 18-19,
2018
Alaminos City,
Pangasinan
Training on Goat
Production Updates
April 24-26, 2019 San Antonio, Quezon

58. PHOTO DOCUMENTATIONS

59. TESTIMONY
John Cadabuna, Echague Isabela
“The result is very satisfactory and convincing that JOVIMIN is very
effective in increasing the weights of our herds”
“…they are more resistant to parasites and diseases including the
weather condition”
“I am 100% confident that JOVIMIN MINERAL BALLS will help a lot of farmers
in improving the health of our animals especially goats, cows and carabaos
(ruminant) and others who will partake JOVIMIN mineral balls.”
I strongly support and promote JOVIMIN MINERAL BALLS to my colleagues in
the goat production industry and willing to speak to tell them the
advantages and benefits we can get in using it to our goats and other
animals as well.”
Hindi ako mapapahiya sa produktong ito.

60. Using JOVIMIN MINERAL BALLS for goats is very
effective to increase their weights and strengthen their
resistance to parasites and diseases including
resilient weather condition
Likewise their coats are very shining and they are
more aggressive/active in roaming around their
playground.
The good news they are all pregnant now.
Expected delivery will be in August 2019
• John Cadabuna, Echague Isabela •

61. Acknowledgement
• DA – BAR, DOST– PCAARRD, PHILMEC, UPLB BIO
PROCESSING CENTER, DA RFO I, SUC’s,
PLGU/MLGU/BLGU who served as instrument to
spearhead the project

63. .
THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS US ALL…
Always remember that service is the thing of
most worth… LIVING WITH A PURPOSE IS THE
ONLY WAY TO REALLY LIVE
The one who blesses others is abundantly
blessed; those who help others are helped.
(Proverbs 11:25)