Presentation during the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) Seminar Series on April 21, 2016 at RDMIC Bldg., cor. Visayas Ave., Elliptical Rd., Diliman, Quezon City

1. Organic Vegetable Industry in CAR
• A total area of 175,026
sq.m. (17.5 has) is
cultivated for organic
production in Benguet;
1.8 has in Ifugao; 1.67
has in Kalinga and 0.08
has in Mt. Province

2. National Program
Organizational Structure
National Program Coordinating Office
 National Coordinator - Rodel G. Maghirang/UPLB
 ARMRD Team Leader – Eduardo P.Paningbatan
 ARMRD Director
 ARMRD Technical Staff
Sc. Res. Spec. II
Program 1 Leader
Pablito M. Villegas/OPTA
Program 2 Leader
Rodel G. Maghirang/UPLB
Program 3 Leader
Purisima P. Juico/CLSU
Program 4 Leader
Luciana M. Villanueva/BSU
7 Project Leaders
 Documentation of Organic
Vegetables Production in
Region 1,2 and 10
 Documentation of Organic
Vegetables Production and
Supply Chain Improvement
for Commercially Grown
Organic Vegetables in
CAR, Region 3, 4
5 Project Leaders
8 Project Staff
 Evaluation of Vegetable
Varieties Under Organic
Condition
 On-Farm Trials of Selected
vegetable Varieties in
Commercial Organic
Gardens
 Production of Organically
Grown Seeds of Selected
Vegetable Varieties
5 Project Leaders
6 Project Staff
Development of Biofertilizer
Products and Systems for
Vegetable Farms Under
Conversion
Formulation of Organic and
Microbial Fertilizers for
Specific Vegetables in
Organic Farms
Development of Low-Cost,
Slow-Release Fertilizer for
Organic Vegetables
5 Project Leaders
6 Project Staff
 Development of Insect
Pest Management
Products and Systems
for Organic Vegetable
Production
 Disease Management in
Organic Production of
Vegetables
 Pilot Testing of Products
and Systems

3. Regional Program Structure in CAR
Regional Program Leader
Luciana M. Villanueva
Project 1 Leader
Jovita Sim
Project 2 Leader
Belinda A. Tad-awan
Project 3 Leader
Carlito P. Laurean
Project 4 Leader
Luciana M. Villanueva
Project Staff:
Clifton Llanes
Evangeline
Cungihan
Research Staff:
Melarine Tayaban
Project Staff:
Jocelyn C. Perez
Research Staff:
Meynard Tosay
Josie Orlang
Project Staff:
Asuncion L. Nagpala
Research Staff:
Hoti Cristobal
Picpican
Marvin Martin
Richard B. Garcia
Project Staff:
Eulogio V. Cardona, Jr.
Ammie S. Dayao
Research Staff:
Jake M. Bulcio
Jezreel Zyra D. Ibis
Leila P. Luis
Estrella P. Yadyadoc
Noel I. Ollayan

4. Organic Vegetable
R&D Program in CAR
Project 1: Documentation of Organic Production
Practices and Supply Chain Improvement for
Commercially Grown Organic Vegetables
Project 2: Variety Evaluation, On-Farm Trials and Seed
Production of Organic Vegetables
Project 3: Organic Fertilizers and Microbials for
Improved Soil Fertility in Organic Vegetable
Production
Project 4: Development of Pest Management Products
and Systems for Organic Vegetable Production

5. PROJECT 1: Supply Chain
OBJECTIVE
• To generate baseline data and information
through documentation of the socio-
economic, biophysical, technical and
institutional environment affecting the
organic vegetables production industry and
to analyze and recommend intervention
measures to improve the supply chain for
organic vegetables currently grown in
commercial scale

6. OBJECTIVE
• To increase organic
vegetable production
through selection of
varieties for organic
gardens and organically
produced seeds
PROJECT 2: Varietal Evaluation

7. PROJECT 3 :
Biofertilizers and Microbials
OBJECTIVE
• To develop organic microbial fertilizer
products and systems utilizing locally
available materials and microorganisms
to enhance organic vegetable production

8. PROJECT 4:
Pest Management Products and Systems
OBJECTIVE
• To develop organic pest management
products and systems for the control of
insect pests and diseases in organic
vegetable farms

9. Target Crops
Crop Variety/Seed Biofertilizers Biopesticides For:
Cabbage Recommended
variety
Beneficial
microorganis
m (BM)
Cutworm, Flea beetles,
Diamondback moth,
Aphids,
Black rot, Alternaria
leaf spot
Carrot Recommended
variety
Seeds
BM Cutworm
Root-knot nematode
Garden
pea
Recommended
variety
Seeds
BM Pod borer, Aphids
Fusarium wilt, Powdery
mildew
Tomato/
Potato
Recommended
variety
Seeds
BM
Enhanced
NFI
Fruit worm, Cutworm,
White fly, leaf miner
Bacterial Wilt, Late
blight

10. DEVELOPMENT OF PEST MANAGEMENT PRODUCTS
AND SYSTEMS FOR ORGANIC VEGETABLE
PRODUCTION IN THE CORDILLERA
ADMINISTRATIVE REGION
A JOURNEY FROM THE LABORATORY
TO THE FARM
LUCIANA M. VILLANUEVA
EULOGIO V. CARDONA JEZREEL ZYRA IBIS
JOCELYN C. PEREZ JAKE M. BULCIO
AMMIE S. DAYAO LEILA P. LUIS
CLARENCE CODOD
KATHERINE BASALONG

11. RATIONALE
Insect pests and diseases are
important challenges in organic
vegetable production.
Intensive and indiscriminate use of
chemicals pose serious environmental
problems

12. OBJECTIVES
GENERAL :
To develop organic pest management
products and systems against major insect
pests and diseases in organic vegetable farms
in the Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR).

13. OBJECTIVES
SPECIFIC :
1. To develop pest management products and
systems for the specific insect pests and
diseases of priority organic vegetables in the
Cordillera Administrative Region;
2.To test the efficacy and socio-economic
acceptability of the potential pest
management products and systems in
organic farms
3. To evaluate the profitability of the developed
technology.

14. PROBLEM
Lack of organic management options for some pests and diseases that remain as
problems even in dedicated organic vegetable farms
EXPECTED
OUTPUTS
Insect and disease management products/systems
Patent application for insect and disease management technology/products
Packages of organic vegetable production systems
Trained students, farmers and entrepreneurs
POTENTIAL
OUTCOME
Increase in organic vegetable area and production
Increase in farmer’s income
IMPACTS
Yield loss due to particular pests and diseases
Erratic production and loss of potential markets and income
S&T
INTERVENTION
Insect Pest and Disease Management Products and Systems for Organic Vegetable
Production
Components
Development of insect
Pest Management
Products and System for
Organic Vegetable
Production
Development of Disease
Management Products
and Systems for Organic
Vegetable Production
Pilot testing of products
and systems

15. CROPS PESTS SELECTED PLANTS
LABORATORY BIOASSAY
GREENHOUSE AND ON
STATION TRIALS
ON-FARM TRIAL
CONVERGENCE
M
E
T
H
O
D
O
L
O
G
Y

16. Rearing and Collection
of Test Insects

17. GARDEN PEA

18. CABBAGE

19. POTATO

21. LABORATORY TRIALS
BIOASSAY

22. The evaluation started with laboratory
bio-assay where several botanicals
PLANT EXTRACTS
CHILLI DENGAW
GARLIC BASIL
CHILLI + GARLIC OREGANO
CHILLI + ONIONS PANDAN
CHILLI + YELLOW GINGER
CHILLI + SUNFLOWER
GARLIC + ONIONS
GARLIC + YELLOW GINGER
GARLIC + SUNFLOWER
PEPPER
GAWED

23. botanicals were tested using different
extractants.
BIGNAY WINE STRAWBERRY WINE

24. Component 1
Laboratory Screening of Plants
Vinegar
Potential products
Botanicals BCAsOther organic products
WineWater
Enhancement Mass production
LC 50 / LD 50
Chemosterility effect
Antifeedant / repellant
effect
Predatory consumption
and parasitic rate
Greenhouse evaluation
On-station field evaluation
On-farm evaluation

25. Potential products
Botanicals BCAs Other organic products
Wine VinegarWater EnhancementMass production
In-vitro tests
(for facultative
pathogens)
In-vivo tests
(for obligate parasites)
Greenhouse evaluation
On-station field evaluation
On-farm evaluation
Botanicals
and other
organic
products:
Agar well
technique
BCAs:Dual
culture /
Agar block
technique.
Component 2 (Laboratory Trials)

30. LABORATORY TRIALS
BIOASSAY

31. Bioassay against Fusarium

32. GREENHOUSE TRIALS

33. GREENHOUSE TRIALS

35. Untreated StandardOrganic

37. FIELD TRIALS

39. Untreated Organic Standard

40. Table 15. Production cost and income of organic and conventional garden pea production in a 1,000 sq m area, 2013-2014
Particulars Man-day Organic (Php) Conventional (Php)
1.0
Labor
(Php 250.00/md)
1.1 Land preparation
Cleaning 5 1,250.00 1,250.00
Digging 7 1,750.00 1,750.00
Fertilizer application 4 1,000.00 1,000.00
1.2 Planting 2 500.00 500.00
1.3 Irrigation 16 4,000.00 4,000.00
1.4
Biopesticide application/
Pesticide application
2 500.00 500.00
1.5 Hilling-up 10 2,500.00 2,500.00
1.6 Harvesting and packing 5 1,250.00 1,250.00
2.0 Farm supplies Qty
Value/ unit
(Php)
Qty
Value/ unit
(Php)
2.1 Seeds (kg)
3
(150
pcs/kg)
300.00 300.00
3
(150
pcs/kg)
300.00 300.00
2.2 Trellis (pcs) 300 15.00 4,500.00 300 15.00 4,500.00
BSU organic fertilizer
(sacks)
15 250.00 3,750.00
14-14-14 (sacks) 3 1,500.00 4,500.00
2.3 Fungicides
Organo BIG (sacks) 12 19.06 228.72
EYCOG (L) 50 19.50 975.00
Mancozeb (kg) 2.5 440.00 1,100.00
Kumulus (kg) 2.5 293.330 733.33
2.4 Insecticide
NPV/Infected worms (pcs) 1,406 1.00 1,406.00
Karate (L) 1 950.00 950.00
TOTAL PRODUCTION COST 23,909.72 24,833.33
3.0 Gross income
Garden pea yield (kg) 607 150.00 91,050.00 1026 80.00 82,080.00
4.0 Net income 67,140.28 57,246.68
Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) 280.81% 230.52%

41. Black rot
Alternaria

42. Table 17. Production cost and income of organic and conventional cabbage production in a 1,000 sq m area, 2013-2014
Particulars Man-day Organic (Php) Conventional (Php)
1.0
Labor
(Php 250.00/md)
1.1 Land preparation
Cleaning 5 1,250.00 1,250.00
Digging 7 1,750.00 1,750.00
Fertilizer application 4 1,000.00 1,000.00
1.2 Planting 2 500.00 500.00
1.3 Irrigation 16 4,000.00 4,000.00
1.4
Biopesticide/Pesticide
application
2 500.00 500.00
1.5 Hilling-up 10 2,500.00 2,500.00
1.6
Harvesting, sorting and
packing
5 1,250.00 1,250.00
2.0 Farm supplies Qty
Value/unit
(Php)
Qty
Value/unit
(Php)
2.1 Seeds (can) 1 750.00 750.00 1 750.00 750.00
2.2 BSUGaP (sacks) 20 250.00 5,000.00
14-14-14 (sacks) 4 1,500.00 6,000.00
Chicken manure (bags) 20 150.00 3,000.00
2.3 Fungicides
BSU GaP (kg) 5 604.50 3,022.50
Mancozeb (kg) 1 440.00 440.00
Vitigran blue (kg) 1 610.00 610.00
2.4 Insecticide
NPV/Infected worms (pcs) 2,812 1.00 2,812.00
Karate (L) 2.00 950.00 1,900.00
TOTAL PRODUCTION COST 24,334.50 25,450.00
3.0 Gross income
Cabbage yield (kg) 1283 60.00 76,980.00 1336 30.00 40,080.00
4.0 Net income 52,645.50 14,630.00
Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) 216.34% 57.49%

44. Table 16. Production cost and income of organic and conventional potato production in a 1,000 sq m area, 2013-2014
Particulars Man-day Organic (Php) Conventional (Php)
1.0 Labor
(Php 250.00/md)
1.1 Land preparation
Cleaning 5 1,250.00 1,250.00
Digging 7 1,750.00 1,750.00
Fertilizer application 4 1,000.00 1,000.00
1.2 Planting 2 500.00 500.00
1.3 Irrigation 16 4,000.00 4,000.00
1.4 Biopesticide application 2 500.00 500.00
1.5 Hilling-up 10 2,500.00 2,500.00
1.6 Harvesting and packing 5 1,250.00 1,250.00
2.0 Farm supplies Qty
Value/unit
(Php) Qty
Value/unit
(Php)
2.1 Tubers (kg) 200 35.00 7,000.00 200 35.00 7,000.00
2.2
BSU organic fertilizer
(sacks) 20 250.00 5,000.00
14-14-14 (sacks) 4 1,500.00 6,000.00
Chicken manure (bags) 20 150.00 3,000.00
2.3 Fungicides
OrganoSun (L) 50 10.00 500.00
Mancozeb (kg) 1 440.00 440.00
2.4 Insecticide
NPV/Infected worms (pcs) 1,406 1.00 1,406.00
Karate (L) 1.80 950.00 1,710.00
TOTAL PRODUCTION COST 26,656.00 30,900.00
3.0 Gross income
Potato yield (kg) 1,125 100.00 112,500.00 1930 35.00 67,550.00
4.0 Net income 85,844.00 36,650.00
Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) 322.04% 118.61%

45. BIOPESTICIDE
PRODUCTS

46. LIQUID NPV

47. POWDERED
NPV

48. • Powdered formulations of products against
target insect pests and diseases

49. Powdered formulations in
small packets

50. EYCOG

51. BSU GaP
BLACK ROT AND
ALTERNARIA LEAF
SPOT OF HEAD
CABBAGE

52. ORGANO sun
LATE BLIGHT

53. ORGANO BIG
Fusarium wilt

54. Date
Garden Pea Potato Cabbage
Organic Conventional Organic Conventional Organic
Conventio
nal
6-Feb Garlic-Vin Actara Garlic-Vin Agrimek Xentari Success
7-Feb EYCO Kumulus FAA Vitigran
blue
10-Feb Rice hull
vinegar
Parafungus
12-Feb NPV
13-Feb NPV Kumulus NPV YG 2011-001 Vitigran
blue
14-Feb Rice hull
vinegar
Parafungus
17-Feb Baking soda Kumulus
20-Feb Baking soda Kumulus Rice hull
vinegar
Parafungus FAA Funguran
24-Feb Baking soda Kumulus Rice hull
vinegar
Parafungus Pepper-wine Funguran
28-Feb Garlic-Vin Actara Garlic-Vin Agrimek
29-Feb Enhanced garlic Kumulus YG 2011-001 Success
2-Mar Drenching FFJ Drench FFJ Drench FFJ
7-Mar Baking soda Kumulus Bamboo wood
vinegar
Parafungus FAA Funguran
9-Mar Vertea Actara Garlic-Vin Parafungus Pepper-wine Success
12-Mar Rice hull
vinegar
Parafungus
13-Mar Fermented
Mungbean
YG 2011-001
Fermented
Mungbean
Funguran
15-Mar Enhanced garlic Actara Pepper-wine Success
Table 1.Schedule of spraying for integrated field experiment

55. COMPONENT 1
A. Mature technologies for dissemination
1. Nucleo polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) for the control of
cutworm applied in powder or liquid form; applied late in
the afternoon or early morning; stored in dark bottles
(liquid) or with colored dye like Robin’s blue if in powder
form to protect it from UV radiation.
1. Garlic, yellow ginger and chilli applied singly or in
combination for the control of DBM, cabbage butterflies,
aphids, flea beetle in cabbage; thrips and leafminer in
potato; aphids and leafminer in garden peas.

56. A.Mature technologies for dissemination
(Insect Pest Management)
1.Nucleo polyhedrosis Virus (NPV)
2. CONTROL OF CUTWORM
3.
applied in powder or liquid form;
applied late in the afternoon or early morning;
stored in dark bottles (liquid) or with colored dye like Robin’s blue if in powder
form to protect it from UV radiation.

57. A. R and D Breakthroughs
1. Powdered formulations of bio-insecticides proved to be much
more effective in controlling pod borer and aphids compared
to the liquid formulation.
1. Mortality using effective botanicals is either when ingested or
when applied topically.

58. 2.
GRANOLA
CPG 34
RARE BALL
BIOFERTILIZER AT
5TONS/HA

59. A. Technologies that need further research verification.
The package of technology generated which revolves around
the application of the potential bio-insecticides (garlic + yellow
ginger + chilli combination and NPV) both in liquid and powder
formulations, using vinegar as extractant, should be refined by
verifying the contribution of the extractant to the efficacy of
the biopesticide before pilot testing the technology in several
organic fields across different agroecological zones Botanical
extracts that proved to be effective but not consistent and the
establishment of the LD 50 of each formulation should be
done.
Review of the Philippine National Standards for Biopesticides
before the mass production and commercialization of
formulated bio-pesticides is intensified.

60. A. Mature technologies for dissemination-COMPONENT 2
1. Use of EYCO (egg yolk + canola oil-a Korean technology) for
the management of powdery mildew in garden pea
A. R and D Breakthroughs
1.Enhanced EYCO (egg yolk + canola oil + garlic powder) for
the management of powdery mildew in garden pea.
2.BSU GaP ( combination of perla soap, garlic and pepper)
for managing black rot and alternaria leafspot on head
cabbage
3.Organo Sun ( vertea + sodium bicarbonate + sunflower)
for the management of potato late blight

61. 4. Organo BiG ( B. subtilis + calcium carbonate+ garlic +
sterile soil) for the management of Fusarium wilt in garden
pea.
A. Technologies that need further research verification
1. Pilot testing of Package of Technology (POT) for organic
production of cabbage, garden pea and potato in several
organic fields across different agroecological zones.
2. Technology promotion and commercialization of the above
package of technologies.

62. A.Mature technologies for dissemination
(Disease Management)
1.Potato - Late Blight
GRANOLA BIOFERTILIZER
5 tons/ha
Organo Sun (a liquid mixture of sunflower
extract, baking soda and vermi compost tea

63. 2. Garden Pea
CPG 34
EYCOG (a liquid mixture of egg yolk + canola oil + garlic extract )
against powdery mildew and OrganoBiG (a product made up
of soil inoculated with B. subtilis, mixed with garlic powder and
CaCO3 against Fusarium wilt )
biofertilizer at the rate of 5 tons/ha.

64. 3. Cabbage
RARE BALL BIOFERTILIZER
5 TONS/HA
BSU GaP (combination of powdered garlic and pepper
for the management of Alternaria leaf spot and black rot)

65. BAFS Requirement for testing Products for
organic Agriculture.
1.Provide substantial description of the
product to be tested
2.As much as possible use inorganic
registered product as standard
3.The test product should have 3 rates
(recommended rates and higher 2 rates)

66. OTHER
ACCOMPLISHMENTS

67. TRAINING OF
AFNR
STUDENTS