Multiplication as repeated addition and Division as repeated subtraction

1. Example: 5 x 4= ____
5 groups of 4
4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4= 20
Example 2: 4 x 5= ____
4 groups of 5
5 + 5 + 5 + 5= 20
Multiplication as Repeated Addition

2. 4 5 x 4= 20
X 5
20
4+ 4+4 +4 +4= 20
5 4 x 5 = 20
X 4
20
5+5+5+5=20

3. Write the multiplication sentence using the given
addition facts:
1. 3 + 3 + 3 + 3+ 3= 15
2. 15 + 15 + 15 =45
3. 21 + 21 = 42
4. 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 +6 = 42
5. 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10= 50
Exercise:

4. Show the repeated addition for the following
multiplication sentence:
1. 3 x 5=
2. 6 x 2=
3. 9x 3=
4. 2 x 10=
5. 4 x 8=

5. Example: 20 ÷ 4 = ____
20- 4 - 4 - 4- 4- 4=0
How many times did we subtract 4 until we have 0? 5
So 20 ÷ 4 = 5
Example: 20 ÷ 5= ____
20 - 5 - 5 - 5 - 5 = 0
How many times we subtracted 5 until 0? 4
So 20 ÷ 5 = 4
Division as Repeated Subtraction

6. Example : 20 ÷ 5= 4
20 - 5 - 5 - 5 - 5 = 0
Correct: 20-5 = 15 wrong: 20- 4 =16
15- 5= 10 16- 4= 12
10- 5= 5 12- 4 = 8
5- 5= 0 8- 4 = 4
4-4 = 0
In repeated subtraction (illustrating division), the
subtrahend is the divisor, not the quotient.

7. Write the division sentence using the given
subtraction facts:
1. 30- 3 - 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 – 3 = 0
2. 26- 13- 13 = 0
3. 48 – 12 – 12 – 12- 12= 0
4. 15 – 5 – 5- 5 = 0
5. 21 – 7 – 7 – 7 = 0