This document provides information on the chemical structures, properties, and uses of 4 compounds: 1) DDT is a synthetic pesticide that was widely used but is now limited due to toxicity. It affects the nervous system. 2) Saccharin is an artificial sweetener used as a food additive. It is non-metabolized and suitable for diabetics. 3) Benzene hexachloride is an insecticide used on crops and in pharmaceutical products to treat lice and scabies. 4) Chloramine is an organic sodium salt used as a disinfectant and antifouling biocide.

1. 1
UNIT I: Benzene and its
derivatives
Structure and uses of DDT, Saccharin, BHC
and Chloramine

2. DDT
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
1
2 3
4
1
2
1
2
3 4
5
6
5
6
Synonyms: Clofenotane, p,p'-DDT, Chlorophenothane, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
IUPAC name: 1-chloro-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Molecular Formula: C14H9Cl5
Molecular Weight: 354.5 g/mol
Pharmacology: Chlorophenothane is a white, odorless and tasteless, very stable, water-insoluble, synthetic, crystalline
chlorinated hydrocarbon that is soluble in most organic solvents, fat and oils and tends to accumulate in ecosystems. DDT
was once widely used as a pesticide to control insects in agriculture and to control malaria, typhus and body lice, but its
use is now limited. Exposure to DDT mainly affects the nervous system resulting in tremors, dizziness, nausea,
incoordination, convulsions and seizures. This substance is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on
evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals.
Pesticides (chemicals used for killing pests, such as rodents, insects, or
plants)

3. Saccharin
O
NH
S
O
O
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
IUPAC Name: 1,1-dioxo-1,2-benzothiazol-3-one
Synonyms: o-Benzoic sulfimide, o-Sulfobenzimide
Molecular Formula: C7H5NO3S
Molecular Weight: 183.19 g/mol
Pharmacology: Saccharin is a white cristalline solid that was discovered in 1878.
The substance is used as an artificial sweetening agent since its intensity of
sweetness is much higher than that of sucrose but it isn´t metabolized and for that
suitable for diabetics´ and dietary food. Substances that sweeten food, beverages,
medications, etc., such as sugar, saccharine or other low-calorie synthetic
products.
Uses: Food Additives: sweetener

4. Cl
Cl
Cl Cl
Cl
Cl BHC (Benzene hexachloride)
IUPAC Name: 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane
Benzene hexachloride is an isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane with a chemical
formula C6H6Cl6. It is also known as Lindane or hexachlorane. Benzene
hexachloride is a colourless solid with a slight musty odour. It is an
organochlorine chemical and is widely used as an agricultural insecticide as well
as a pharmaceutical treatment for scabies and lice. Some side effects of lindane
are burning, stinging, or redness of the skin
Uses of Benzene hexachloride (C6H6Cl6)
•Benzene hexachloride is used as an insecticide on crops, in forestry, for seed treatment.
•It is used in the treatment of head and body lice.
•It is used in pharmaceuticals.
•It is used to treat scabies.
•It is used in shampoo.
C6H6Cl6 Benzene hexachloride
Molecular Weight/ Molar Mass 290.814 g/mol
Density 1.89 at 66°F
Melting Point 113°C
Properties of Benzene hexachloride – C6H6Cl6

5. Chloramine (Sodium; Chloro-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide)
Na
+(I) CH3
S
O
O
N
–
Cl
Chloramine T is an organic sodium salt derivative of toluene-4-sulfonamide with a chloro substituent in place of an amino hydrogen. It has a role as an
antifouling biocide, a disinfectant. It contains a chloro(p-tolylsulfonyl)azanide. Synonyms: Chloramine-T, Chloralone, Chlorasan, etc.
C7H7ClNO2S·Na Chloramine
Molecular Weight/ Molar Mass 227.64g/mol
Density 1.4at 66°F
Melting Point 130 °C
Properties of Chloramine
Uses of Chloramine
Anti-Infective Agents, Local Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms
or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from DISINFECTANTS, which are used on inanimate objects.
Disinfectant Substances used on inanimate objects that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity.
Disinfectants are classed as complete, destroying SPORES as well as vegetative forms of microorganisms, or
incomplete, destroying only vegetative forms of the organisms. They are distinguished from ANTISEPTICS,
which are local anti-infective agents used on humans and other animals.