3. Mitosis
Some Questions to consider about Mitosis
 What is Mitosis?
 What is the process of Mitosis?
 Where does Mitosis happen?
 Who does Mitosis involve?
 What Can go Wrong in Mitosis?
 How long Does Mitosis take?

4. What is Mitosis
 Mitosis is the process
of the cell splitting the
chromosomes and
making two identical
copies of itself.
 Happens in the Somatic
Cells
 Have 46 chromosomes
 Diploid- two sets of
chromosomes/genomes

5. The process of Mitosis
The steps involved in
the process include:
Interphase
Early prophase
Late prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

7. Interphase
 Inter phase is the time where the cell is getting ready
to divide
 It is the longest time in the cycle
 During this time the cell is growing in size
 The cell is also duplicating its chromosomes
 The cell must past certain check points to move on to
the next phase

8. Early Prophase
 The nucleus migrates to the center of the cell
 Proteins become visible
 Nuclear envelope disappears

9. Late Prophase
 Envelope is completely gone
 Spindles form
 DNA is in homologous pairs
 Centrioles are on opposite sides of the nucleus

10. Metaphase
 Spindle fibers attach at the centromere
 Homologous pairs held at the centromere
 Spindle fibers push and pull the homologous pairs to
the center which is called the metaphase plate

11. Anaphase
 Centrioles and spindle fibers pull the chromosomes to
the poles
 The centromeres split and the chromosomes move to
opposite ends of the poles
 Cytokinesis has started

12. Telophase
 Chromosomes are less visible
 Nuclear envelope begins to reform around each group
of chromosomes
 The cell membrane or cell plate starts to form

13. Cytokinesis
 The division of cytoplasm
 The process takes one cell and makes two separate
cells often called daughter cells
 Cytokinesis is the completion of the Mitosis process

14. Who is involved in Mitosis
 All the living things with cells
 Specifically the somatic cells

15. Where does Mitosis happen
 The Somatic cells inside the nucleus

16. What can go wrong in Mitosis
 The cells can not copy right and can get only a small
or large part of the chromosomes
 The cell could be damaged and be passing on
damaged DNA which makes more problem cells
 Check point signals can be ignored and that can cause
cancer

17. How long does Mitosis take
 It depends on the cell type
 Liver cells can take upwards of a year to divide
 Some can divide in less then 8 minutes

19. Meiosis
Some Questions to consider about Meiosis
 What is Meiosis?
 What is the process of Meiosis?
 Where does Meiosis happen?
 Who does Meiosis involve?
 What Can go Wrong in Meiosis?
 How long Does Meiosis take?

20. What is Meiosis
 A type of cell division that only occurs in the gamete
cells or the sex cells
 These cells have only 23 chromosomes
 Haploid- one chromosome/genome

21. What is the process of Meiosis
 Meiosis 1  Meiosis 2
 Interphase  Prophase 2
 Prophase 1  Metaphase 2
 Metaphase 1  Anaphase 2
 Anaphase 1  Telophase 2
 Telophase 1  Cytokinesis
 Cytokinesis

22. Interphase
 Meiosis 1-  Meiosis 2-
 The DNA is replicated  There is no Interphase
in this phase

23. Prophase
 Meiosis 1-  Meiosis 2-
 Homologous pairs exist  Spindles start
and are connected at the  In center in a big ball
centromere
 Synapses form
 Crossing over they
exchange chromosome
segments
 Genetic recombination

24. Metaphase
 Meiosis 1-  Meiosis 2-
 The pairs line up in the  The pairs line up to the
middle of the cell center of the cell

25. Anaphase
 Meiosis 1-  Meiosis 2-
 The pairs separate and  Separate and move to
move towards the poles opposite ends of the cell
 Centromere stays
attached to one of the
pairs

26. Telophase
 Meiosis 1-  Meiosis 2-
 Nuclear envelope  Nuclei forms
reforms

27. Cytokinesis
 Meiosis 1-  Meiosis 2-
 Two cells are in diploid  Chromosomes not exact
set now copies of originals
 They are identical because of the
recombination

28. Where does Meiosis happen
 The sex organs of the female

29. Who is involved in Meiosis
 All living things
 But more specifically the Gamete cells

30. What can go wrong in Meiosis
 When splitting there can be an exchange of to much
DNA or to little of DNA this can cause disorders such
as down syndrome

31. How long does Meiosis take
 It could take anywhere from 30 minutes to 24 hours
or even longer