The Burma United Through Rigorous Military Accountability Act (h.r. 3190)

6/22/2019 Engel, Chabot Introduce Burma Sanctions Act - Press Releases - House Foreign Affairs Committee
https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/2019/6/engel-chabot-introduce-burma-sanctions-act 1/6
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Engel, Chabot Introduce Burma
Sanctions Act (/press-releases?
ID=975C45E7-FDDF-40C7-917D-
343EF70C01A3)
June 12, 2019
WASHINGTON—Representative Eliot L. Engel (D-NY), Chairman of the House Committee
on Foreign Affairs, and Representative Steve Chabot (R-OH), former Chairman of the
House Foreign Affairs Committee Subcommittee on Asia and the Paci c, reintroduced
bipartisan legislation to impose sanctions on the Burmese military in response to the
genocide of the Rohingya people.
(/)

The Burma United through Rigorous Military Accountability Act
(https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/_cache/ les/a/9/a938d8f0-9724-4ad0-9442-
6924ff846b35/3FA2746182AB6F063236F870544F6DE5.hr-3091-burma-act---as-
introduced.pdf)(H.R. 3190) would prohibit expansion of American military assistance to
Burma until reforms take place; require reporting on crimes against humanity, including
war crimes and genocide; impose trade, visa and nancial restrictions on those
responsible for these crimes; support investigations to support the eventual prosecution
of war criminals; and promote reforms to limit the Burmese military’s stranglehold on
Burma’s natural resources.
“Since August of 2017, the Burmese military has in icted horri c violence against the
Rohingya in Burma's Rakhine State, and today is using the same tactics against the
Kachin and other ethnic minorities. The BURMA Act passed the House with
overwhelming support last year because of bipartisan conviction that we must hold the
military and security forces of Burma accountable for the horri c genocide they carried
out against the Rohingya and the horrors they continue to in ict on other ethnic
minorities in the country today.” said Chairman Engel. “I am proud to re-introduce the
bipartisan BURMA Act this Congress. We will not rest until there is justice.”
“It has been nearly two years since the Burmese military committed crimes against
humanity and genocide against the Rohingya in Rakhine State, Burma” said Chabot.
“Since then there has been little accountability for these actions which have left nearly
700,000 Rohingya men, women and children languishing in refugee camps in Bangladesh
without hope of returning to their homes. Chairman Engel and I introduced the BURMA
Act in the last Congress because we believe there must be consequences for the
Burmese military’s barbaric atrocities; today we continue the effort to hold the
perpetrators accountable.”
Language similar to that contained in the BURMA Act overwhelmingly passed the House
in the 115th Congress as a oor amendment to the National Defense Authorization Act.
Full text of the BURMA Act can be found here
(https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/_cache/ les/a/9/a938d8f0-9724-4ad0-9442-
6924ff846b35/3FA2746182AB6F063236F870544F6DE5.hr-3091-burma-act---as-

introduced.pdf). Section by section of the bill can be found here
(https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/_cache/ les/e/3/e3235778-587d-4bb2-98c2-
fea316749ebc/75EA8E56D59B539F0BAD01DB3400552A.2019-burma-act-section-by-
section-003-.pdf) and below:
BURMA Act
Section 1: Short Title
Act may be cited as the “BURMA Act of 2019”
Title I: Matters Relating to the Con ict in Burma
Section 101: Congressional Findings
Outlines the human rights abuses by Burmese military and security forces in Rakhine
state after August 25, 2017, including gender-based violence, murder, burning homes and
villages, and the exodus of over 740,000 Rohingya to Bangladesh. Notes the lack of
civilian control over the military and security forces and the failure of Burma’s internal
efforts to address the crisis and hold perpetrators accountable. Notes recommendations
from the U.N. Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar, including the
need for a reputable court to evaluate evidence of “genocidal intent” in Rakhine State,
probable “crimes against humanity” and “war crimes” by Burmese security forces against
ethnic minorities in Kachin and Shan States; targeted economic sanctions; and an arms
embargo on Myanmar. Describes the insu cient conditions for the voluntary and safe
repatriation of the Rohingya. Notes extensive restrictions on the media and free speech
through the imprisonment of journalists and activists.
Section 102: Statement of Policy
Outlines the policy of the United States to support a complete transition to democracy
and genuine national reconciliation in Burma and to do so through calibrated
engagement. Guiding principles of U.S. strategy include the promotion of constitutional
reforms; development of a representative political system; accountability for human
rights abuses against the Rohingya and other ethnic minorities; regularized free and fair

elections; professional military, security, and police forces that operate under civilian
control; and strengthening respect for and protection of human rights and religious
freedom.
Section 103: Sense of Congress on Humanitarian Assistance, Freedom of Movement and
Returnee Rights
Calls on the Burmese government to ensure safe and voluntary return of all those
displaced from their homes in addition to fully implementing the recommendations of
the Advisory Commission on Rakhine State. Calls on the government of Bangladesh to
ensure the rights of refugees and that any relocation of refugees be consistent with
international humanitarian principles. States that signi cant and sustained funding is
necessary for assistance to all parties involved in helping the Rohingya.
Section 104: Sense of Congress on Press Freedom
Expresses the Sense of Congress that to promote freedom of the press in Burma, the
government should reform laws that undermine press freedom, including the colonial-era
under which authorities unjustly detained two Reuters journalists.
Section 105: Sense of Congress on Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act
Expresses the Sense of Congress that the administration should use authorities under
the Global Magnitsky Act to sanction persons in Burma for human rights abuses,
signi cant corruption, etc.
Title II: Assistance and Sanctions with Respect to Burma
Section 201: Authorization for Humanitarian Assistance and Reconciliation
Authorizes $220,500,000 to be appropriated for scal year 2020 for humanitarian
assistance.
Section 202: Limitation on Security Assistance and Military and Security Sector
Cooperation

Limits United States security assistance and military and security sector cooperation
until the Department of State certi es that the Burmese government has held
perpetrators accountable and ended impunity for human rights abuses. Includes a report
to the appropriate congressional committees with an assessment of the progress the
Burmese military has made in developing a framework for human rights, an update on
settlement of armed con icts, and an assessment of the Burmese’s military’s use of
gender-based violence.
Section 203: Imposition of Sanctions with Respect to Certain Foreign Persons
Authorizes nancial sanctions and visa restrictions for foreign persons determined by
the President to have perpetrated, ordered or directed signi cant acts of violence or
serious human rights abuses in Burma, as well as persons who have failed to investigate
such abuses.
Title III: Governance of the Burmese Mining and Gemstone Sector
Section 301: Sense of Congress on the Burmese Mining Sector and the Importation of
Burmese Gemstone or Minerals
Findings and Sense of Congress regarding the economic value of the Burmese mining
sector, the corruption and exploitation of that sector by the Burmese military, and the
efforts of the civilian government of Burma to reform the sector. Notes that U.S.
companies have been interested in investing in this sector but have not done so due to
reputational concerns. Sense of Congress that the Department of State or the United
States Agency for International Development provide technical assistance to reform the
gem industry.
Section 302: Responsibility and Transparency in the Mining Sector
Requires the Secretary of State to publish and maintain a list of all entities in Burma that
meet the criteria outlined in the Myanmar Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative
regarding bene cial ownership and other metrics related to transparency. Expresses a
Sense of Congress that U.S. importers should seek to import from entities on this “white
list.”

Title IV: Accountability for Human Rights Abuses and Strategy for Economic Growth
Section 401: Determination and Report on Accountability for War Crimes, Crimes against
Humanity, and Genocide in Burma
The Secretary of State shall submit a report on credible reports of war crimes, crimes
against humanity, genocide, and serious human rights abuses in Burma to the
appropriate congressional committees within the rst 90 days of the bill’s enactment and
make determinations regarding what has occurred. The report must include a description
of efforts to prepare for a transitional justice process for the perpetrators.
Section 402: Strategy for Promoting Economic Development
State, Treasury, and USAID will submit a plan to appropriate congressional committees
detailing a strategy to support sustainable, inclusive and broad-based economic
development in Burma. The plan will also include increasing transparency disclosure
requirements in key sectors to promote responsible investment.
# # #
Permalink: https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/2019/6/engel-chabot-introduce-burma-
sanctions-act (https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/2019/6/engel-chabot-introduce-
burma-sanctions-act)

6/22/2019 US lawmakers seek to slap new sanctions on Myanmar military
www.nationmultimedia.com/detail/breakingnews/30330819 1/6
US lawmakers seek to slap new sanctions on Myanmar
military
Breaking News November 04, 2017 15:20
By Agence France-Presse
Washington
House Republicans and Democrats introduced legislation that would curtail assistance or cooperation with
Myanmar's military and require the White House to identify senior military oﬃcials who would have US visa
bans imposed or reimposed against them.
US lawmakers proposed sanctions Friday against Myanmar's military, in some
of the strongest efforts yet by Washington to pressure the Southeast Asian
nation to end abusive treatment of its Rohingya Muslim minority.
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Rohingya Muslim refugees who were stranded after leaving Myanmar walk towards the Balukhali refugee
camp after crossing the border in Bangladesh's Ukhia district on November 3, 2017./AFP
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A bipartisan group in the Senate, including Senate Armed Services Committee chairman John McCain,
introduced their bill Thursday.
It calls for renewal of import and trade restrictions on Myanmar, including re-imposing a ban on jade and
rubies from the country also known as Burma.
"Our legislation would hold accountable the senior military officials responsible for the slaughter and
displacement of innocent men, women and children in Burma, and make clear that the United States will not
stand for these atrocities," McCain said in a statement.
The tough proposals came as US President Donald Trump departed for an extended trip to Asia, where he
will attend a summit with Southeast Asian nations including Myanmar.
The United States, while condemning the deadly violence that has prompted more than 600,000 people to
flee to neighboring Bangladesh, has been careful to say it holds the military responsible, not Myanmar leader
Aung San Suu Kyi's civilian government.
House Democrat Eliot Engel said lawmakers wanted to send a "clear message" with the targeted sanctions,
both to the military and the civilian leadership, about the violence that has left hundreds of people dead.
"This violence must stop, perpetrators must be held accountable, and there must be meaningful civilian
control over Burma's military and security forces," Engel said.
Lawmakers also want Myanmar's military to ensure safe return of refugees displaced from northern Rakhine
State, where the military has been accused by the United Nations of a campaign of ethnic cleansing.
"There will be consequences for their crimes against humanity," said Senator Ben Cardin, a Democratic
sponsor of the bill.
Myanmar officials could not immediately be reached for comment.
But dealers in the gem industry -- a lucrative sector that was under US sanctions until last October --
shrugged off the threat, saying China was still the top buyer.
"If (sanctions) are reimposed, there will be no harm to us. We used to work under sanctions in the past as
well," Tun Hla Aung, secretary of Myanmar Gems and Jewellery Entrepreneurs Association, told AFP.
The fate of the legislation may rest in part with Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, a longtime friend
and ally of embattled Suu Kyi.
The two politicians spoke by telephone in September, when she assured McConnell she was working to get
aid to Rohingya Muslims. 
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McConnell defended the Nobel peace laureate after the call, warning that "publicly condemning Aung San
Suu Kyi, the best hope for democratic reform in Burma, is not constructive".
Suu Kyi has been hammered by the international community for failing to use her moral power to speak up in
defense of the Rohingya.
On Thursday she visited Rakhine for the first time.
McConnell's office said the Republican leader was reviewing the sanctions legislation. As Senate leader,
McConnell determines which bills get to the floor for a vote.
Tags Myanmar US sanction Rohingya US lawmakers
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6/22/2019 Congressman Eliot Engel : Latest News : Engel Burma Sanctions Bill Clears Foreign Affairs Committee
https://engel.house.gov/latest-news/engel-burma-sanctions-bill-clears-foreign-affairs-committee/ 1/2
ENGEL BURMA SANCTIONS BILL CLEARS FOREIGN
AFFAIRS COMMITTEE
05/17/18
ENGEL BURMA SANCTIONS BILL CLEARS FOREIGN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE
WASHINGTON—Today, the House Committee on Foreign A airs unanimously approved
Ranking Member Eliot L. Engel’s legislation to hold accountable those responsible for the
ongoing violence against the Rohingya people in Burma. The BURMA Act
(https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/5819), which Representative
Engel introduced earlier this week along with a bipartisan group of 66 cosponsors, would
authorize tough nancial sanctions and visa bans against military and security forces
involved in abuses of the Rohingya, the Kachin, and other ethnic groups that have
endured decades of violence and su ering at the hands of military authorities in Burma.
“The Rohingya crisis is man-made. It is ethnic cleansing, many believe it is genocide.
Nothing has been done to hold perpetrators accountable. The Burmese civilian
government has become more closed, not more open, since this tragedy. And
meanwhile the Trump Administration seems reticent to hold perpetrators accountable
and publicly call for justice,” said Rep. Engel at today’s markup of the legislation. “That’s
unacceptable. It’s a betrayal of our values. When we see this sort of abuse, there must be
consequences.”
Click here to read Rep. Engel’s full remarks (https://democrats-
foreigna airs.house.gov/news/press-releases/engel-remarks-burma-sanctions-bill-
other-measures).
In Depth: The BURMA Act
The Burma Uni ed through Rigorous Military Accountability (BURMA) Act, H.R.5819
(https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/5819), would
Provide authorities to carry out nancial sanctions and visa bans against military and
security forces complicit in abuses of the Rohinyga, the Kachin, the Chin, the Karen,
and other ethnic groups.
Limit American military engagement with Burma’s military until evidence of
signi cant progress on accountability, civilian control, and adherence to human
rights.
Encourage civil society and civilian government reform e orts in Burma’s gemstone
sector by developing a “white list” of entities in Burma that do meet international
standards on transparency, human rights, and environmental protection.

6/22/2019 Congressman Eliot Engel : Latest News : Engel Burma Sanctions Bill Clears Foreign Affairs Committee
https://engel.house.gov/latest-news/engel-burma-sanctions-bill-clears-foreign-affairs-committee/ 2/2
Require a determination from the Secretary of State on what has occurred beyond
ethnic cleansing, such as crimes against humanity or genocide, and report to
Congress on those ndings.
Call on the civilian government of Burma to do what is in its power to help stop this
crisis, such as reforming the 1982 citizenship law that would restore rights to many
of the Rohingya who were disenfranchised.

6/22/2019 House backs measure to clamp down on Myanmar over Rohingya rights - Reuters
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-myanmar-congress/house-backs-measure-to-clamp-down-on-myanmar-over-rohingya-rights-idUSKCN1IO3D8 1/5
WORLD NEWS
MAY 24, 2018 / 4:56 AM / A YEAR AGO
House backs measure to clamp down on Myanmar over
Rohingya rights
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Members of the U.S. House of Representatives voted
overwhelmingly on Tuesday in favor of legislation to pressure Myanmar, also known as Burma,
to improve its record on human rights.
Refugees are seen at the Cox's Bazar refugee camp in Bangladesh, near Rakhine state, Myanmar, during a trip by United
Nations envoys to the region April 29, 2018. REUTERS/Michelle Nichols

6/22/2019 House backs measure to clamp down on Myanmar over Rohingya rights - Reuters
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-myanmar-congress/house-backs-measure-to-clamp-down-on-myanmar-over-rohingya-rights-idUSKCN1IO3D8 2/5
Lawmakers voted 382-30 to approve the measure as an amendment to the National Defense
Authorization Act, or NDAA, a massive defense policy bill that is one of the few pieces of
legislation passed by the U.S. Congress every year.
Nearly 700,000 Rohingya Muslims have fled into Bangladesh from Myanmar since August to
escape a military crackdown, launched in response to Rohingya insurgent attacks. Refugees
have reported murder, rape and arson by Myanmar troops.
Washington has called the army response “ethnic cleansing,” which Myanmar has denied,
saying its security forces were conducting a legitimate counter-insurgency operation against
“Bengali terrorists.”
If included in a final version of the NDAA, typically passed by the House and Senate later in the
year, the measure would, among other things, bar U.S. security assistance or cooperation with
Myanmar’s military or security forces until they have made progress on human rights.
It also would impose sanctions on current or former senior Myanmar military officials who
perpetrated or were responsible for serious human rights abuses.
A D V E R T I S E M E N T
A D V E R T I S E M E N T

6/22/2019 Congressman Eliot Engel : Latest News : Engel, Chabot Introduce Burma Sanctions Act
https://engel.house.gov/latest-news/engel-chabot-introduce-burma-sanctions-act/ 1/3
ENGEL, CHABOT INTRODUCE BURMA SANCTIONS ACT
06/12/19
ENGEL, CHABOT INTRODUCE BURMA SANCTIONS ACT
WASHINGTON—Representative Eliot L. Engel (D-NY), Chairman of the House Committee on Foreign
Affairs, and Representative Steve Chabot (R-OH), former Chairman of the House Foreign Affairs
Committee Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific, reintroduced bipartisan legislation to impose
sanctions on the Burmese military in response to the genocide of the Rohingya people.
The Burma United through Rigorous Military Accountability Act (H.R. 3190)
(https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/_cache/files/a/9/a938d8f0-9724-4ad0-9442-
6924ff846b35/3FA2746182AB6F063236F870544F6DE5.hr-3091-burma-act---as-introduced.pdf) would
prohibit expansion of American military assistance to Burma until reforms take place; require reporting
on crimes against humanity, including war crimes and genocide; impose trade, visa and financial
restrictions on those responsible for these crimes; support investigations to support the eventual
prosecution of war criminals; and promote reforms to limit the Burmese military’s stranglehold on
Burma’s natural resources.
“Since August of 2017, the Burmese military has inflicted horrific violence against the Rohingya in
Burma's Rakhine State, and today is using the same tactics against the Kachin and other ethnic
minorities. The BURMA Act passed the House with overwhelming support last year because of
bipartisan conviction that we must hold the military and security forces of Burma accountable for the
horrific genocide they carried out against the Rohingya and the horrors they continue to inflict on other
ethnic minorities in the country today.” said Chairman Engel. “I am proud to re-introduce the
bipartisan BURMA Act this Congress. We will not rest until there is justice.”
“It has been nearly two years since the Burmese military committed crimes against humanity and
genocide against the Rohingya in Rakhine State, Burma” said Chabot. “Since then there has been little
accountability for these actions which have left nearly 700,000 Rohingya men, women and children
languishing in refugee camps in Bangladesh without hope of returning to their homes. Chairman Engel
and I introduced the BURMA Act in the last Congress because we believe there must be consequences
for the Burmese military’s barbaric atrocities; today we continue the effort to hold the perpetrators
accountable.”
Language similar to that contained in the BURMA Act overwhelmingly passed the House in the 115
Congress as a floor amendment to the National Defense Authorization Act.
Full text of the BURMA Act can be found here.
(https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/_cache/files/a/9/a938d8f0-9724-4ad0-9442-
6924ff846b35/3FA2746182AB6F063236F870544F6DE5.hr-3091-burma-act---as-introduced.pdf)
Section by section of the bill can be found here
(https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/_cache/files/e/3/e3235778-587d-4bb2-98c2-
fea316749ebc/75EA8E56D59B539F0BAD01DB3400552A.2019-burma-act-section-by-section-003-.pdf)
and below:
BURMA Act
Section 1: Short Title
Act may be cited as the “BURMA Act of 2019”
th

Title I: Matters Relating to the Conflict in Burma
Section 101: Congressional Findings
Outlines the human rights abuses by Burmese military and security forces in Rakhine state after August
25, 2017, including gender-based violence, murder, burning homes and villages, and the exodus of
over 740,000 Rohingya to Bangladesh. Notes the lack of civilian control over the military and security
forces and the failure of Burma’s internal efforts to address the crisis and hold perpetrators
accountable. Notes recommendations from the U.N. Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on
Myanmar, including the need for a reputable court to evaluate evidence of “genocidal intent” in Rakhine
State, probable “crimes against humanity” and “war crimes” by Burmese security forces against ethnic
minorities in Kachin and Shan States; targeted economic sanctions; and an arms embargo on
Myanmar. Describes the insufficient conditions for the voluntary and safe repatriation of the Rohingya.
Notes extensive restrictions on the media and free speech through the imprisonment of journalists and
activists.
Section 102: Statement of Policy
Outlines the policy of the United States to support a complete transition to democracy and genuine
national reconciliation in Burma and to do so through calibrated engagement. Guiding principles of U.S.
strategy include the promotion of constitutional reforms; development of a representative political
system; accountability for human rights abuses against the Rohingya and other ethnic minorities;
regularized free and fair elections; professional military, security, and police forces that operate under
civilian control; and strengthening respect for and protection of human rights and religious freedom.
Section 103: Sense of Congress on Humanitarian Assistance, Freedom of Movement and Returnee
Rights
Calls on the Burmese government to ensure safe and voluntary return of all those displaced from their
homes in addition to fully implementing the recommendations of the Advisory Commission on Rakhine
State. Calls on the government of Bangladesh to ensure the rights of refugees and that any relocation
of refugees be consistent with international humanitarian principles. States that significant and
sustained funding is necessary for assistance to all parties involved in helping the Rohingya.
Section 104: Sense of Congress on Press Freedom
Expresses the Sense of Congress that to promote freedom of the press in Burma, the government
should reform laws that undermine press freedom, including the colonial-era under which authorities
unjustly detained two Reuters journalists.
Section 105: Sense of Congress on Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act
Expresses the Sense of Congress that the administration should use authorities under the Global
Magnitsky Act to sanction persons in Burma for human rights abuses, significant corruption, etc.
Title II: Assistance and Sanctions with Respect to Burma
Section 201: Authorization for Humanitarian Assistance and Reconciliation
Authorizes $220,500,000 to be appropriated for fiscal year 2020 for humanitarian assistance.
Section 202: Limitation on Security Assistance and Military and Security Sector Cooperation
Limits United States security assistance and military and security sector cooperation until the
Department of State certifies that the Burmese government has held perpetrators accountable and
ended impunity for human rights abuses. Includes a report to the appropriate congressional

committees with an assessment of the progress the Burmese military has made in developing a
framework for human rights, an update on settlement of armed conflicts, and an assessment of the
Burmese’s military’s use of gender-based violence.
Section 203: Imposition of Sanctions with Respect to Certain Foreign Persons
Authorizes financial sanctions and visa restrictions for foreign persons determined by the President to
have perpetrated, ordered or directed significant acts of violence or serious human rights abuses in
Burma, as well as persons who have failed to investigate such abuses.
Title III: Governance of the Burmese Mining and Gemstone Sector
Section 301: Sense of Congress on the Burmese Mining Sector and the Importation of Burmese
Gemstone or Minerals
Findings and Sense of Congress regarding the economic value of the Burmese mining sector, the
corruption and exploitation of that sector by the Burmese military, and the efforts of the civilian
government of Burma to reform the sector. Notes that U.S. companies have been interested in
investing in this sector but have not done so due to reputational concerns. Sense of Congress that the
Department of State or the United States Agency for International Development provide technical
assistance to reform the gem industry.
Section 302: Responsibility and Transparency in the Mining Sector
Requires the Secretary of State to publish and maintain a list of all entities in Burma that meet the
criteria outlined in the Myanmar Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative regarding beneficial
ownership and other metrics related to transparency. Expresses a Sense of Congress that U.S.
importers should seek to import from entities on this “white list.”
Title IV: Accountability for Human Rights Abuses and Strategy for Economic Growth
Section 401: Determination and Report on Accountability for War Crimes, Crimes against Humanity,
and Genocide in Burma
The Secretary of State shall submit a report on credible reports of war crimes, crimes against
humanity, genocide, and serious human rights abuses in Burma to the appropriate congressional
committees within the first 90 days of the bill’s enactment and make determinations regarding what
has occurred. The report must include a description of efforts to prepare for a transitional justice
process for the perpetrators.
Section 402: Strategy for Promoting Economic Development
State, Treasury, and USAID will submit a plan to appropriate congressional committees detailing a
strategy to support sustainable, inclusive and broad-based economic development in Burma. The plan
will also include increasing transparency disclosure requirements in key sectors to promote responsible
investment.
# # #

6/22/2019
https://burmese.voanews.com/a/burma-act-clears-foreign-affairs-committee/4968230.html 1/3
ျမန္မာ
ျမန္မာစစ္တေပ္အပၚ ဒဏ္ခတ္မယ့္ ဥေပဒၾကမ္း ကန္ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ေ
ကာ္မတီ အတည္ျပဳ
21 ြဇန္၊ 2019
ေဇာ္ဝင္းလိႈင္
ျမန္မာစစ္တပ္က က်ဴးြလန္ေနတဲ့ လူမ်ဳိးတုန္း သတ္ျဖတ္မႈ အပါအဝင္ အြခင့္ေအရးခ်ဳိးေဖာက္မႈေြတအြတက္ ခုိင္မာတဲ့
ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္းလဲေရးေြတ မလုပ္ေဆာင္ရင္ ျမန္မာစစ္တပ္ကုိ ေအမရိကန္က စစ္ေရးအရ အကူအညီေပးတာ ရပ္တ
န္႔တာအပါအဝင္ ျပည္ဝြင္ခင့္ဗီဇာနဲ႔ တျခား ဘ႑ာေရးဆုိင္ရာ ပိတ္ဆုိ႔ ေအရးယူမႈေြတ လုပ္ေဆာင္မယ့္ ဥေပဒမူၾကမ္း
ကုိ ေအမရိကန္ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ ႏုိင္ငံျခားဆက္ဆံေရး ေကာ္မတီက ေမန႔ ြဇန္လ ၂၀ ရက္ေန႔မွာ မဲြခဲ အတည္ျပဳ
လုိက္ပါတယ္။ ဒါေပမယ့္ ဒီဥေပဒၾကမ္းထဲမွာ ေဖာ္ျပထားတဲ့ လူမ်ဳိးတုန္း သတ္ျဖတ္မႈဆုိတဲ့စကားလံုးကုိ အစုိးရေအန
နဲ႔ ကန္႔ြကက္ေၾကာင္း ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံျခားေရးဌာနက ကန္႔ြကက္လုိက္ပါတယ္။ အျပည့္အစံုကုိေတာ့ ကုိေဇာ္ဝင္းလႈိင္က စု
စည္း တင္ျေပပးထားပါတယ္။
ေအမရိကန္ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ ႏုိင္ငံျခားဆက္ဆံေရးေကာ္မတီက ၾကာသေပတးေန႔မွာ တခဲနက္ မဲြခဲအတည္ျပဳလုိ
က္တဲ့ ဥေပဒၾကမ္းအရ -
ျမန္မာစစ္တပ္မွာ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္းလဲမႈေြတ မလုပ္မခ်င္း ေအမရိကန္က စစ္ေရးအကူအညီ တုိး ေမပးေရးအပါအဝင္ စစ္
ရာဇဝတ္မႈ က်ဴးြလန္မႈေြတ၊ လူမ်ဳိးတုန္းသတ္ျဖတ္မႈနဲ႔ လူသားေြတေအပၚ က်ဴးြလန္တဲ့ ျပစ္မႈေြတအားလံုးကို အစီရင္ခံျ
ပဳစုဖုိ႔၊ ျပည္ဝြင္ခင့္ Visa နဲ႔ ဘ႑ာေရးဆိုင္ရာ ကန္႔သတ္မႈေြတလုပ္ဖုိ႔၊ အဲဒီလုိျပစ္မႈက်ဴးြလန္တာေြတနဲ႔ ပါတ္သက္တဲ့ စံု
စမ္းစစ္ေဆးမႈေြတကို ပံ့ပိုးဖုိ႔နဲ႔ ြတင္းြတက္ ေက်ာက္မ်က္တူးေဖာ္ေရး က႑အပါအဝင္ ျမန္မာ့စီးြပားေရးမွာ စစ္တပ္ အ
ခိုင္အမာ ထိန္းခ်ဳပ္မႈ မလုပ္ႏိုင္ေအာင္ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္းလဲေရးေြတကို အားေပးဖုိ႔ စတဲ့အခ်က္ေြတ ပါဝင္ပါတယ္။
ေအမရိကန္လႊတ္ေတာ္က သူ႔လုပ္ပုိြင္ခင့္အရ အခုလုိ ဥေပဒၾကမ္း ေရးြဆဲ အတည္ျပဳ လုပ္ေဆာင္တာေြတကုိ ကန္႔ြက
က္စရာ မရွိေပမယ့္ ဒီဥေပဒၾကမ္းထဲမွာ “လူမ်ဳိးတုန္း သတ္ျဖတ္မႈ” ဆုိတဲ့ စကားလံုးကုိ ထည့္ြသင္း ေဖာ္ျပထားတဲ့ကိစၥ
ကုိ ကန္႔ြကက္ေၾကာင္း ျမန္မာ ႏုိင္ငံျခားေရးဌာန အျပည္ျပည္ဆုိင္ရာ အြဖဲ႔အစည္းမ်ားႏွင့္ စီးြပားေရးဌာနက ညႊန္ၾ
ကားေရးမွဴးခ်ဳပ္ ဦးခ်မ္းေအးက တံု႔ျပန္ ေျပာဆုိပါတယ္။
ဦးခ်မ္းေအး ။ ။ "Genocide နဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔က ဒီဟာကို သူတို႔က စံုစမ္းစစ္ေဆးတဲ့ဟာေြတနဲ႔ ပ
တ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔ကို ြစပ္စဲြၿပီးေတာ့ စံုစမ္းစစ္ေဆးထားတဲ့ဟာေြတက ေက်နာ္တို႔ လက္မခံႏိုင္ဘူးဆို
တာေတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ေတာက္ေလွ်ာက္ေျပာထားတဲ့ဟာေြတ ရွိပါတယ္။ ေနာက္ၿပီး ေက်နာ္တို႔ ျပြည္တင္းမွာလည္း
စံုစမ္းစစ္ေဆးေနတဲ့ဟာေလးေြတ ရွိပါေသးတယ္ ထပ္ၿပီးေတာ့ေလ။ ဆိုေတာ့ အဲဒီဟာေလးေြတေကတာ့ ေက်နာ္
တို႔ လက္မခံႏိုင္ပါဘူး။ အဲ့ဒီ Genocide လို႔ သံုးစဲြတာနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့။"
ဒီကိစၥနဲ႔ပတ္သက္လုိ႔ တေပ္မတာ္ရဲ႕ ေသဘာထားကုိ မသိေပမယ့္ ျမန္မာအစုိးရေအနနဲ႔ေကတာ့ ႏုိင္ငံတကာက ြစပ္
ြစဲေျပာဆုိေနတဲ့ လူ႔အြခင့္ေအရး ခ်ဳိးေဖာက္မႈဆုိတဲ့ ကိစၥရပ္ေြတအြတက္ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာြင္ရက္ဖုိ႔ အစဥ္သင့္ရွိေၾကာင္း
ဦးခ်မ္းေအးက ဆက္ေျပာပါတယ္။

6/22/2019
ဦးခ်မ္းေအး ။ ။ "တေပ္မတာ္ပိုင္းကိစေၥေြတတာ့ ေက်နာ္ေသခ်ာမသိပါဘူး။ အဲ့ေတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔ဘေက္ကတာ့
အစိုးရအပါအဝင္ ဒီဘက္က ေတာ္ေတာ္မ်ားမ်ားေကတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔က သူတို႔နဲ႔ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာြင္ရက္ဖို႔က ေက်နာ္
တို႔က ဝေန္မလးပါဘူး။ လမ္းေၾကာင္းလည္း ြဖင့္ထားတယ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာြင္ရက္မႈေြတက ခုနတုန္းကဟာေ
ေြတၾကာင့္ ပိြတ္သားတာေြတ အမ်ားႀကီးရွိပါတယ္။ ဒီလိုမ်ိဳး ပူးေပါင္းေဆာြင္ရက္တဲ့ လမ္းေၾကာင္းကို ေမြရးဘဲနဲ႔ ဖိ
အားေပးဖို႔ဆိုတဲ့ လမ္းေၾကာင္းကို ေြရးတဲ့ ကိစေၥေြတၾကာင့္ ပိြတ္သားတာေြတ ေတာ္ေတာ္မ်ားမ်ားက သူတို႔ဘက္
က ပိြတ္သားတာပါ။ ေက်နာ္တို႔ မၾကာေသးခင္တုန္းကလည္း ေက်နာ္တို႔ EU နဲ႔ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ျမန္မာနဲ႔ ေက်နာ္တို႔
Human Rights ေြဆးေႏြးပဲြတခု လုပ္တယ္။ အဲ့ဒါလည္း ဆရာတို႔ ေြတ႔လိုက္မွာပါ။ EU ဆိုတာ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ႏိုင္ငံ
ေအပၚမွာ ဒီလူအြခင့္ေအရးနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ႏိုင္ငံေအပၚမွာ Resolution ေြတ ခ်ၿပီးေတာ့ ေက်နာ္
တို႔ကို ဖိအားေပးေနတဲ့ အဖဲြ႔အစည္းတခုေပါ့ေနာ္။ ဆိုေတာ့ ဒီ ဖိအားေပးေနတဲ့ဟာေြတကိုလည္း ေက်နာ္တို႔က လ
က္မခံဘူး။
ဒါေပမဲ့လည္း dialogue ေေြတတာ့ လမ္းေၾကာင္းကိုေတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔က ြဖင့္ထားတယ္။ ြဖင့္ထားတဲ့အြတက္ ေက်
နာ္တို႔ ေြဆးေႏြးတယ္။ ေြဆးေႏြးတဲ့အြတက္ ေတယာက္နဲ႔ ေတယာက္ ပိုမိုသိရွိေအာင္နဲ႔ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ဒီဘက္မွာ
ဘာေြတ ပိုၿပီး ပိုလုပ္ႏိုင္မလဲဆိုတာရယ္၊ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ေဆာြင္ရက္ေနတာ ရွင္းျပတယ္။ ေက်နာ္တို႔ capacity တက္
လာေအာင္ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ႀကိဳးစားေနတဲ့ဟာေြတ ရွင္းျပတဲ့ဟာမ်ိဳးေလးေြတ ရွိတယ္ေပါ့ေနာ္။ ရွိေတာ့ ခုနတုန္းက
ပူးေပါင္းေဆာြင္ရက္မႈနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔ဘက္က လိုလိုလားလားနဲ႔ ေဆာြင္ရက္ေနတယ္။ လမ္းေၾ
ကာင္းလည္း ြဖင့္ေနတယ္။ ခုနတုန္းက ကိုယ့္ေအပၚမွာ resolution နဲ႔ ကိုယ့္ေအပၚမွာ ဒီလိုမ်ိဳး ဖိအားေပးေနတဲ့
အဖဲြ႔အစည္းေြတနဲေ႔တာင္ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာြင္ရက္ဖို႔ ဝေန္မလးဘူးဆိုတာ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ေဆာြင္ရက္ေနတဲ့ဟာေြတက
သက္ေသျေပနၿပီးသားပါပဲ။"
ဒီကိစၥနဲ႔ပတ္သက္လုိ႔ တေပ္မတာ္ရဲ႕ တံု႔ျပန္ခ်က္ကုိ သိႏုိင္ဖုိ႔ တေပ္မတာ္ သတင္းျပန္ၾကားေရးဌာနကုိ ဗီြအုိေအက အႀ
ကိမ္ႀကိမ္ ဆြက္သယ္ခဲ့ေပမယ့္ ဆြက္သယ္လုိ႔ မရခဲ့ပါဘူး။
ဦးေမာင္ေမာင္စုိးဟာ ျမန္မာ့ႏုိင္ငံေရး ေလ့လာ သံုးသပ္သူတဦးပါ။ သူက ေအမရိကန္ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ရဲ႕ ဒီလုပ္ေ
ဆာင္ခ်က္ဟာ အာဏာရ NLD အစုိးရေအနနဲ႔ လက္ရွိ ျမန္မာစစ္တပ္က က်ဴးြလန္ေနတယ္ဆုိတဲ့ လူ႔အြခင့္ေအရး
ခ်ဳိးေဖာက္မႈေြတနဲ႔ ဆက္ႏြယ္မရွိဘူးဆုိတာကုိ ျပသလုိက္ရာေရာက္ေၾကာင္း ေျပာပါတယ္။
ဦးေမာင္ေမာင္စုိး ။ ။ "စစ္တပ္အြတက္ အက်ိဳးသက္ေရာက္မႈ ဘယ္ေလာက္ရွိမလဲေတာ့ မသိဘူးဗ်။ အစိုးေရတာ့
ြလြတ္သားလိမ့္မယ္ထင္တယ္။ ဆိုလိုတာေကတာ့ NLD အစိုးရေအနနဲ႔ ဒီကိစေၥြတမွာ ပါဝင္ပတ္သက္မႈ မရွိဘူးဆို
တဲ့ ေအျဖမ်ိဳးြထြက္သားလိမ့္မယ္။ ဘာလို႔လဲဆုိေတာ့ ဗမာျပည္မွာ လက္ရွိျဖစ္ေနတဲ့ ေအျခေအေနြတနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿ
ပီးေတာ့ ေဒေၚအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ NLD အစိုးရေအနနဲ႔ ဒီကိစေၥြတမွာ ပါဝင္ပတ္သက္မႈ မရွိဘူး။ တပ္ကပဲ ပါဝင္ပတ္
သက္ေနတယ္ဆိုတဲ့ ရလဒ္မ်ိဳး ြထြက္သားလိမ့္မယ္ထင္ပါတယ္။ NLD အြတက္ အမွန္မွန္ေတာ့ ေကာင္းြသားတာ
ဗ်။ ဒီလိုမ်ိဳးျဖစ္လာတဲ့ NLD ြတက္ ေကာင္းြသားတာလို႔ ျမင္ပါတယ္။"
အခုလုိ ႏုိင္ငံတကာရဲ႕ ဖိအားေပးလုပ္ေဆာင္မႈမ်ဳိးက NLD အစုိးရနဲ႔ စစ္တပ္အၾကား ေစ့စပ္ ညွိႏႈိင္းမႈေြတ ပုိျဖစ္လာေ
အာင္ ဖိအားေပးလုိက္သလုိ ျဖစ္ေစတယ္လုိ႔လဲ သူက ေျပာပါတယ္။
ဦးေမာင္ေမာင္စုိး ။ ။ "ဆိုးက်ိဳးြထက္မႈထက္စာရင္ေတာ့ ေက်နာ္ထင္တာေကတာ့ ေစ့စပ္ညိွႏိႈင္းမႈ ပိုလုပ္လာႏိုင္တဲ့
ဘက္က ပိုမ်ားမယ္ ထင္ပါတယ္။"

6/22/2019
ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ ႏုိင္ငံျခားဆက္ဆံေရးေကာ္မတီ လက္ရွိ ဥကၠ႒ ဒီမုိကရက္ လႊတ္ေတာ္အမတ္ Eliot Engel နဲ႔ ေ
အာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ ႏုိင္ငံျခားဆက္ဆံေရးေကာ္မတီ အာရွနဲ႔ ပစိဖိတ္ေရးရာ ဌာနြခဲ ဥကၠေ႒ဟာင္း ရီပတ္ဘလီကန္အမ
တ္ Steve Chabot တုိ႔ ြဇန္လ ၁၂ ရက္ေန႔က ပူးြတဲ အဆုိျပဳ တြင္သင္းခဲ့တဲ့ ဥေပဒမူၾကမ္းကုိ ြဇန္လ ၂၀ ရက္ေန႔မွာ အ
တည္ျပဳေပးလုိက္တာပါ။ ဒါေပမယ့္ ဒီဥေပဒၾကမ္းကုိ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ တခုလံုးက မဲြခဲဆံုးျဖတ္တာ အဲဒီကတဆင့္
အထက္လႊတ္ေတာ္မွာ တြင္သင္းၿပီး မဲြခဲ အတည္ျပဳတာေြတ လုပ္ေဆာင္ၾကဖုိ႔ လုိပါေသးတယ္။ အဲဒီေနာက္မွာမွ သမၼ
တက လက္မွတ္ထိုး အတည္ျပဳေပးလုိက္မွသာ ဥေပဒအျဖစ္ တည္ရွိမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
အရင္က အလားတူ ဥေပဒၾကမ္းေြတ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္က အတည္ျပဳေပးခဲ့ဘူးေပမယ့္လည္း အထက္လႊတ္ေတာ္
က ပယ္ခ်ခဲ့တဲ့အြတက္ အထက္လႊတ္ေတာ္မွာတင္ အဆံုးသြတ္သားခဲ့ေလ့ရွိတာေၾကာင့္ ဒီဥေပဒၾကမ္းဟာလည္း ရီပ
တ္ဘလီကန္အမ်ားစု ႀကီးစုိးထားတဲ့ အထက္လႊတ္ေတာ္မွာတင္ ရပ္တန္႔ြသားမယ့္ အလားအလာ ရွိေနပါတယ္ ခင္
ဗ်ား။

6/22/2019
https://burmese.voanews.com/a/us-myanmar/4969098.html 1/2
ျမန္မာ
ကန္နဲ႔ ၂ ႏိုင္ငံ ဆက္ဆံေရးေကာင္းေအာင္ ျမန္မာဆက္လက္ေဆာြင္ရက္
22 ြဇန္၊ 2019
ရဲမင္းြထန္း
ျမန္မာစစ္တပ္က က်ဴးြလန္ခဲ့တဲ့ လူ႔အြခင့္ေအရး ခ်ိဳးေဖာက္မႈေြတအြတက္ ခိုင္မာတဲ့ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္းလဲေရးေြတ မလုပ္ေ
ဆာင္ရင္ ျမန္မာစစ္တပ္ကို ပိတ္ဆို႔ ေအရးယူမႈေြတ လုပ္ေဆာင္မယ့္ ဥေပဒမူၾကမ္းကို ေအမရိကန္ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေ
တာ္ ႏိုင္ငံျခား ဆက္ဆံေရး ေကာ္မတီက ြဇန္လ ၂၀ ရက္ေန႔က အတည္ျပဳခဲ့ပါတယ္။ ဒီလို အတည္ျပဳခဲ့ေပမဲ့ ေအမရိ
ကန္နဲ႔ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံဆက္ဆံေရးအေရတာ့ ျမန္မာႏုိ္င္ငံ ေအနနဲ႔ ေအမရိကန္ႏုိင္ငံနဲ႔ ဆက္ဆံေရး ပိုမို ေကာင္းြမန္ေအာင္
ဆက္လက္ လုပ္ေဆာြင္သားမယ့္ေအၾကာင္း ေအမရိကန္ႏုိင္ငံဆိုင္ရာ ျမန္မာ သံအမတ္ႀကီး ဦးေအာင္လင္း က ဗီြအိုေ
အကို ေျပာၾကားလိုက္ပါတယ္။ သံအမတ္ႀကီး ဦးေအာင္လင္းကို ကိုရဲမင္းြထန္းက ဆြက္သယ္ေမးျမန္းထားတာ ျဖစ္ပါ
တယ္။ ဒီ ဥေပဒမူၾကမ္းေၾကာင့္ ေအမရိကန္နဲ႔ ျမန္မာဆက္ဆံေရး ေအပၚ အက်ိဳးသက္ေရာက္မႈ ရွိႏုိင္သလားဆိုတာနဲ႔
ပတ္သက္ၿပီး သံအမတ္ႀကီးက သူ႔ရဲ႕ ေသဘာထားကို အခုလို ေျပာပါတယ္။
သံအမတ္ႀကီး ဦးေအာင္လင္း ။ ။ "ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္မွာ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ ႏိုင္ငံျခားေရးရာ ေကာ္မတီေကနၿ
ပီးေတာ့ သူတို႔လုပ္ေဆာင္တဲ့ ေအရးယူေဆာြင္ရက္မႈကို ေက်နာ္တို႔ မွတ္သားထားပါတယ္။ ခုနတုန္းက ဦးရဲမင္းြထ
န္း ေမးထားတဲ့ဟာနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ ေက်နာ္ ေျဖရမယ္ဆိုလို႔ရွိရင္ေတာ့ ေက်နာ္ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ ေအနနဲ႔ေကတာ့
ေအမရိကန္နဲ႔ ဆက္ဆံေရးကိစၥနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ ေအလးထားတယ္။ ဆက္ဆံေရးေကာင္းေအာင္ ေက်နာ္တို႔
ဆက္လက္ေဆာြင္ရက္ေနပါတယ္ဆိုတဲ့ဟာေလးေတာ့ ေျပာပါေရစ။"
ကိုရဲမင္းြထန္း ။ ။ "သံအမတ္ႀကီးေအနနဲေ႔ရာ ခင္ဗ်။ ဒီဥေပဒၾကမ္းက ဘယ္အတုိင္းအတာထိ ေရာက္လိမ့္မယ္လို႔
ခန္႔မွန္းမိပါသလဲ ခင္ဗ်။"
သံအမတ္ႀကီး ဦးေအာင္လင္း ။ ။ "ဒီ ဥေပဒၾကမ္းကိုေတာ့ ခင္ဗ်ားလည္း ေအမရိကန္ႏိုင္ငံမွာရွိေနတဲ့ ေအမရိကန္ႏို
င္ငံေရးေအၾကာင္းကို သိတဲ့သူ ျဖစ္တဲ့အြတက္ေၾကာင့္ ဒီဥေပဒၾကမ္းနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ သိထားမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
ဒီဥေပဒၾကမ္းကို အဆိုျပဳတဲ့ဟာကလည္း လႊတ္ေတာ္အမတ္ေြတေကနၿပီးေတာ့ သူတို႔ရဲ႕ မဲဆႏၵနယ္မွာ ဒီျမန္မာႏို
င္ငံေပၚကို ေအကာင္းမျမင္တဲ့ လူေြတေကနၿပီးေတာ့ သူတို႔ကို တိုြက္တန္းတဲ့အြတက္ေၾကာင့္ ဒီဥစၥာေြတကို သူ
တို႔ရဲ႕ မဲဆႏၵရွင္ေြတေကနၿပီးေတာ့ ေျပာတဲ့ စကားေြတကို နားေထာင္တာရယ္၊ ေနာက္ၿပီးေတာ့ သူတို႔နဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿ
ပီးေတာ့ ဒီျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံကို ေအကာင္းမျမင္တဲ့သူေြတေကနၿပီးေတာ့ သူတို႔ကို တိုြက္တန္းတဲ့ အြတက္ေၾကာင့္ ဒီဥစၥာ
ေရးဆဲြထားတာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ေက်နာ္ေကတာ့ အဲ့လိုမ်ိဳး ျမင္ပါတယ္။
သူတို႔ ဗမာျပည္ကို ေအကာင္းမျမင္တဲ့ လူေြတရွိသလို ေအမရိကန္ႏိုင္ငံမွာလည္း ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံေအပၚကို ေအကာင္းျ
မင္တဲ့လူေြတ အမ်ားႀကီးရွိပါတယ္။ အဲ့ဒီ ေအကာင္းျမင္တဲ့လူေြတေကတာ့ ဘာလဲဆိုေတာ့ လႊတ္ေတာ္အမတ္ေြတ
ကိုေတာ့ သူတို႔ေအနနဲ႔ ျမန္မာျပည္ကို ေအကာင္းျမင္ေပမဲ့လည္း ဒီေအကာင္းမျမင္တဲ့ လူေြတလို သူတို႔ေအနနဲ႔ ဒီ
လိုမ်ိဳး တိုြက္တန္းတာေြတ ေျပာၾကားတာေြတ မရွိတဲ့အြတက္ေၾကာင့္ ဒီလႊတ္ေတာ္မွာ အခုလို ဥေပဒမူၾကမ္းေြတ
ြထက္မလာတာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။"

6/22/2019
https://burmese.voanews.com/a/us-myanmar/4969098.html 2/2
ကိုရဲမင္းြထန္း ။ ။ "ဆိုေတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္နဲ႔ အထက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ကို ေရာက္လိမ့္မယ္လို႔ သံအမတ္ႀ
ကီးထင္ပါသလား ခင္ဗ်။""
သံအမတ္ႀကီး ဦးေအာင္လင္း ။ ။ "ဒါေကတာ့ သူတို႔ ဆံုးျဖတ္တဲ့ကိစၥမို႔လို႔ ေက်နာ့္ေအနနဲ႔ ဘာမွ ေျပာလို႔မရပါဘူး။
ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ အခုဟာကလည္း ႏိုင္ငံျခားဆက္ဆံေရးေကာ္မတီက ေအရးယူတာသာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ႏိုင္ငံျခား
ဆက္ဆံေရးေကာ္မတီက သူတို႔ အခုလိုု ဆံုးျဖတ္တဲ့ဟာနဲပ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ ဆက္လုပ္မယ္ဆိုတဲ့ဟာကိုေတာ့
အခုထိေတာ့ ဘာဆက္လုပ္မယ္ဆိုတဲ့ဟာကိုေတာ့ အစည္းေအဝးမွတ္တမ္းေအနန႔ဲ ြထက္ေပၚလာျခင္းမရွိေသးပါ
ဘူး။ ဒီြထက္ေပၚလာျခင္းမရွိေသးတဲ့ဟာကိုေတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ႀကိဳေျပာလို႔မရပါဘူး။"
ကိုရဲမင္းြထန္း ။ ။ "ဟုတ္ကဲ့ခင္ဗ်။ အရင္မ်ား ေက်နာ္တို႔ အဲ့လိုမ်ိဳး precedence ေြတဘာေြတ ရွိဘူးလားလို႔ သံအမတ္ႀ
ကီး ခင္ဗ်။"
သံအမတ္ႀကီး ဦးေအာင္လင္း ။ ။ "အရင္တုန္းက ရွိခဲ့တာေေြတတာ့ေပါ့ မႏွစ္တုန္းကလည္း ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္မွာ
ႏိုင္ငံျခားေရးရာေကာ္မတီေကနၿပီးေတာ့ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္တခုလံုး ေအရးယူတာရွိတယ္။ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္
ေကနၿပီးေတာ့ အထက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ကို သူတို႔ တင္ျပၿပီးေတာ့ အထက္လႊတ္ေတာ္မွာေကတာ့ ဒီကိစၥနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿ
ပီးေတာ့ ေအရးယူဆံုးျဖတ္တာေြတ မရွိတဲ့ ေအြတ႔အႀကံဳေေြတတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ေြတ႔ခဲ့ရပါတယ္။"
ကိုရဲမင္းြထန္း ။ ။ "တခုက မနက္က ေက်နာ္တို႔ ြဗီအိုေအ news ထဲမွာပဲ တခုေြတ႔တာက ေက်နာ္တို႔ ဦးခ်မ္းေအးေပါ့ေ
နာ္။ သူက ေက်နာ္တို႔ စကားလံုးအသံုးအႏႈန္းေပါ့ေနာ္ လူမ်ိဳးတုန္း သတ္ျဖတ္မႈ ဆိုတဲ့ ဟာနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ သူက
ေသဘာမတူဘူးလို႔ ေျပာပါတယ္ ခင္ဗ်။ သံအမတ္ႀကီးေကရာ ဒါနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ ေျပာခ်င္တာမ်ား ရွိပါသလားခ
င္ဗ်ာ။"
သံအမတ္ႀကီး ဦးေအာင္လင္း ။ ။ "အဲ့ဟာနဲ႔ ပတ္သတ္ၿပီးေတာ့ ေျပာရမယ္ဆိုလို႔ရွိရင္ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ေအပၚကို ဒီလူ႔အ
ြခင့္ေအရးနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ ဒီလူ႔အြခင့္ေအရး ခ်ိဳးေဖာက္တယ္ဆိုတဲ့ဟာနဲ႔ပတ္သက္ၿပီးေတာ့ သူတို႔ြစပ္စဲြတဲ့
ဟာေြတက မဟုတ္မမွန္ဘူးဆိုတဲ့ဟာေြတကို ေက်နာ္တို႔ စိစစ္ဖို႔ဆိုၿပီးေတာ့ ေက်နာ္တို႔ ြလတ္လပ္တဲ့ေကာ္မရွင္လ
ည္း ဖဲြ႔ထားၿပီးျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ အဲ့ေကာ္မရွင္ကလည္း သူတို႔ရဲ႕ လုပ္ေဆာင္စရာရွိတာ သူတို႔ လုပ္ေနပါတယ္။ အက
ယ္၍ ဒီလိုမ်ိဳး လူ႔အြခင့္ေအရးခ်ိဳးေဖာက္ၿပီးေတာ့ သူတို႔ ြစပ္စဲြတဲ့ဟာေြတကို သူတို႔ေအနနဲ႔ ြစပ္စဲြဖို႔ ေအၾကာင္းအရာ
ကိစၥရွိမယ္ဆိုလို႔ရွိရင္လည္း အဲ့ြလတ္လပ္တဲ့ စံုစမ္းေရးေကာ္မရွင္နဲ႔လည္း အၿမဲတမ္း ဆြက္သယ္ စံုစမ္းႏိုင္ပါတယ္။
ြလတ္လပ္တဲ့ေကာ္မရွင္ဆိုတာကလည္း ႏိုင္ငံတကာေကနၿပီးေတာ့ တကယ္ပဲ အားလံုးေကနၿပီးေတာ့ ယံုၾကည္
ကိုးစားတဲ့လူေြတနဲ႔ ဖဲြ႔စည္းထားတဲ့ အဖဲြ႔ပုဂိၢဳလ္ေြတလည္း ပါပါတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္သူတို႔ ေအနနဲ႔လည္း သူတို႔သိခ်င္
တဲ့ဟာေြတကို ပိုၿပီးေတာ့ ေျပာျပႏိုင္ပါတယ္လို႔ပဲ ေက်နာ္ယူဆပါတယ္။"

The Burma United Through Rigorous Military Accountability Act (h.r. 3190)

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The Burma United Through Rigorous Military Accountability Act (h.r. 3190)