This document discusses principles and practices for irrigation structures in rainfed areas. It describes how catchment areas and hydrology direct water flow. Farm water harvesting techniques are explained, including constructing water harvesting tanks 4 meters deep and 1/10th the size of the catchment area to store runoff. Other harvesting structures mentioned include earthen bunds, shallow tube wells, check dams with pipes, and diversion of stream water. Government programs like MGNREGS, RKVY, and IWMP provide support for building check dams, wells, and other small irrigation structures to harvest surface water, recharge groundwater, and ensure irrigation for dry areas.

1. Principle and practices
for Irrigation structures
in rainfed areas
SHARAT SINGH

4. Schematic of land situation and their hydrology. Arrows show direction of water flow

6. Farm water harvesting

7. Paddy field with water body

8. Paddy with water body in the
field

9. Catchment Area: 50 ha Rain(Jun-Sept):1140 mm=1.14 m
WHT size: 4m deep X 1/10th of catchment area
1irrig(5cm)= 500 M3
512/500= 10 Irrign
Collection from 1 ha 11400 M3
Even if 50% of the
80% Harvestable 9120M3 Potential is stored
Losses (-) 4000 M3
Effective storage 5120 M3 At least 5 Irrigns

12. Other Harvesting structures
 5% model( for a field of size 100ftX100ft the
cost for the model would be between 5000 to
6000)
 Earthen bund
 Shallow tube wells(in areas having high ground
water table)
 Check dam with pipe flow irrigation and or
pedal

13. Earthen bund/ dam

14. Earthen Dam

15. Diversion channel
Perennial source of spring water
RPVC pipe laid underground

16. Irrigation channel
Diverting stream water for providing irrigation to dry land area.
Excess runoff passes through the natural drainage.

17. Surface water harvested for Ground water recharge and extraction
method
Costing Rs 80,000

18. Government programmes ….
 These structures could be built under the
 MGNREGS
 Cost provisions for 10ft dia wells is more than 1 lakh
 RKVY
 Support for check dam, small irrigation structures
IWMP
The trust through it DBI programme has also
helped in assuring irrigation in many area

19. Thank you