This document provides an introduction to object-oriented programming (OOP). It discusses the basic elements of OOP including objects, methods/actions, and classes. Objects are instances of classes that represent real-world entities. Methods are associated actions. Classes group similar objects. The document also outlines key OOP features such as polymorphism, inheritance, encapsulation, and information hiding. Polymorphism allows one interface with multiple methods. Inheritance transfers properties from superclasses to subclasses. Encapsulation binds data and actions within a class, while information hiding protects parts of a class from external access.

1. OBJECT ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING
Presented By-
Ashish Agrawal

2. Contents:-
 Introduction to OOP
 Basic elements
 OOP features
 Polymorphism
 Inheritance
 Encapsulation
 Information hiding

3. Introduction to OOP-
 Collection of interacting objects.
 Usually contain different type of objects each
type corresponding to a particular kind of
data.
 Organizes a program around it’s data(object)
& a set of well defined interfaces to that data.
 Describes the structure of a system in terms
of objects & relationaships.

4. Three basic elements of OOP-
 Objects
 Methods or Actions
 classes

5. Objects-
 A main identity or idea.
 Independent with a distinct role or
responsibility.
 an instance of a class.
 an employee which is real world entity we
can make an object of it and then utilize it in
a program with its behaviors and actions.
 All objects are distinguishable.

6. Methods or Actions-
 Associated with the object.
 Depends on application.
 method is a subroutine (or procedure)
associated with a class.
 At runtime, they have access to data stored
in an instance of the class.

7. Class-
 Contain objects with similar attributes.
 Define the type of their instances.
 Represents a noun, such as a person, place
or thing, or something nominalized.
 We can create any no. of objects belonging
to that class.
 Example-Person, process ,company are
classes etc..

8. OOP features-

9. Polymorphism-
 Derive from Greek language & it means
“many forms”.
 One interface ,many methods.
 Ability to create a variable, a function, or an
object that has more than one form.
 Example-in a method of build(),we can make
square, rectangle , circle etc..

10. Polymorphism-

11. Inheritance-
 One object require the properties of another.
 Properties transferred from super class to
subclass.
 Support the concept of hierarchical
classification.
 Sharing of operation & actions between
objects.

12. Inheritance-

13. Encapsulation-
 Binds the data & the actions in one classor
container.
 mechanism for restricting access to some of
the object’s components.
 Protective text wrapper that prevents the
code & data from being accessed by other
code outside the wrapper.

14. Encapsulation-

15. Information Hiding-
 ability to prevent certain aspects of a class or
software component from being accessible to
its clients.
 protecting other parts of the program from
extensive modification if the design decision
is changed.

16. Thank You