1. LEED LEED Applicable Sustainable Site Development Strategies for Civil Engineers Presented By: Rachael Green LEED AP, GA-C David Rodriguez, LEED AP

2. THE USGBC U.S. GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL Engineers Interior Designers Building Tenants Property Managers Architects Planners Building Owners Code Officials Utility Managers Product Manufacturers Landscape Architects Financial Planners Nonprofit Leaders Federal, State and Local Governments Chapter Mission To promote a sustainable, healthy and prosperous built environment in the North Texas area through training, education and outreach.

3. THE USGBC USGBC is a community of leaders working to transform the way buildings and communities are designed, built, and operated. USGBC provides top quality educational offerings on green design, construction, and operations for professionals from all sectors of the building industry. EDUCATION & ADVOCACY

4. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. From the USGBC: Green has become the shorthand term for the concept of sustainable development as applied to the building industry. Also known as high-performance buildings, green buildings are intended to be environmentally responsible, economically profitable, and healthy places to live and work.

5. 12% of Potable Water Consumption 39% of CO2 Emissions 65% of Waste Output 71% of Electricity Consumption WHAT ARE THE IMPACTS OF BUILDINGS? 39% of Energy Consumption 30% of Raw Materials Use

8. RESIDENTIAL BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS What about residential? Our housing stock in the United States consumes roughly 20% of our primary energy and raw materials

11. Increase in construction cost 2-4% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Savings = $50-75/sf over 20 years Potential for 10,000 sf building over 20 years: Savings of $5 to $7.5 million in operating costs Certified Silver Gold Platinum The Cost of Green Building

12. LEED L EADERSHIP in E NERGY and E NVIRONMENTAL D ESIGN a system for certifying building DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, & OPERATIONS Credits are awarded for different categories of efficiency and design. Scores are tallied for different aspects of efficiency and design in appropriate categories. LEED assesses in detail: 1. Site Planning 2. Water Management 3. Energy Management 4. Material Use 5. Indoor Environmental Air Quality 6. Innovation & Design Process

13. LEED CATEGORIES Site planning Water efficiency Energy efficiency Conservation of materials Indoor environmental quality Innovative design

14. LEVELS OF LEED ® CERTIFICATION Level % of Points Points Needed Certified 40% 26-32 points Silver 50% 33-38 points Gold 60% 39-51 points Platinum 80% 52-69

18. NORTH TEXAS LEED CERTIFIED BUILDINGS Pat Lobb Toyota, McKinney 50,000 square feet auto dealership Certified LEED Silver 2007 5% construction premium 3-5 year payback Sustainable site orientation Green wall absorbs heat Cool roof design Recycled materials 80% construction waste recycled Graywater reuse system

19. NORTH TEXAS LEED CERTIFIED BUILDINGS Fire Station #7, Denton 15,000 square feet fire station Certified LEED Gold 2007 35% energy use reduction 50% water use reduction Geothermal heat pumps Extensive use of daylighting Rainwater harvesting system 98% of materials manufactured within 500 miles

20. NORTH TEXAS LEED CERTIFIED BUILDINGS Heather’s Home 2,000 square feet residence near Weatherford Certified LEED Platinum 2007 Passive solar design Highly reflective roof design Solar water heating system Rainwater harvesting system Projected average monthly heating/cooling bill: $15.00

22. FRISCO Goals Energy efficiency Mitigation of urban heat island effect Creation of pedestrian-friendly environment Construction waste management and recycling Water conservation and education Residential green building program Adopted in 2005 Standards for energy efficiency, water efficiency, waste recycling and indoor air quality of homes Minimum standard of energy efficiency for homes based on EPA’s Energy Star Commercial green building program Adopted in 2006 Landscaping and cool roof standards

28. LEED LEED Applicable Sustainable Site Development Strategies for Civil Engineers Presented By: Rachael Green LEED AP, GA-C David Rodriguez, LEED AP

29. LEED Rating System New Construction and Major Renovations v2.2

30. LEED Credit Checklist (NC) Project Checklist Sustainable Sites 14 Possible Points Prereq 1 Construction Activity Pollution Prevention Required Credit 1 Site Selection 1 Credit 2 Development Density & Community Connectivity 1 Credit 3 Brownfield Redevelopment 1 Credit 4.1 Alternative Transportation , Public Transportation Access 1 Credit 4.2 Alternative Transportation , Bicycle Storage & Changing Rooms 1 Credit 4.3 Alternative Transportation , Low Emitting & Fuel Efficient Vehicles 1 Credit 4.4 Alternative Transportation, Parking Capacity 1 Credit 5.1 Site Development , Protect or Restore Habitat 1 Credit 5.2 Site Development, Maximize Open Space 1 Credit 6.1 Stormwater Design , Quantity Control 1 Credit 6.2 Stormwater Design, Quality Control 1 Credit 7.1 Heat Island Effect, Non-Roof 1 Credit 7.2 Heat Island Effect , Roof 1 Credit 8 Light Pollution Reduction 1

31. LEED Credit Checklist (NC) Water Efficiency 5 Possible Points Credit 1.1 Water Efficient Landscaping , Reduce by 50% 1 Credit 1.2 Water Efficient Landscaping , No Potable Use or No Irrigation 1 Credit 2 Innovative Wastewater Technologies 1 Credit 3.1 Water Use Reduction , 20% Reduction 1 Credit 3.2 Water Use Reduction , 30% Reduction 1

32. LEED Credit Checklist (NC) Energy & Atmosphere 17 Possible Points Prereq 1 Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy Systems Required Prereq 2 Minimum Energy Performance Required Prereq 3 Fundamental Refrigerant Management Required Credit 1 Optimize Energy Performance 1–10 (2 points mandatory for LEED for NC projects registered after June 26, 2007) Credit 2 On-Site Renewable Energy 3 Credit 3 Enhanced Commissioning 1 Credit 4 Enhanced Refrigerant Management 1 Credit 5 Measurement & Verification 1 Credit 6 Green Power 1

33. LEED Credit Checklist (NC) Materials & Resources 13 Possible Points Prereq 1 Storage & Collection of Recyclables Required Credit 1.1 Building Reuse , Maintain 75% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 1 Credit 1.2 Building Reuse , Maintain 95% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 1 Credit 1.3 Building Reuse , Maintain 50% of Interior Non-Structural Elements 1 Credit 2.1 Construction Waste Management , Divert 50% from Disposal 1 Credit 2.2 Construction Waste Management , Divert 75% from Disposal 1 Credit 3.1 Materials Reuse , 5% 1 Credit 3.3 Materials Reuse , 10% 1 Credit 4.1 Recycled Content , 10% (post-consumer + 1/2 pre-consumer) 1 Credit 4.2 Recycled Content , 20% (post-consumer + 1/2 pre-consumer) 1 Credit 5.1 Regional Materials , 10% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regionally 1 Credit 5.2 Regional Materials, 20% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regionally 1 Credit 6 Rapidly Renewable Materials 1 Credit 7 Certified Wood 1

34. LEED Credit Checklist (NC) Indoor Environmental Quality 15 Possible Points Prereq 1 Minimum IAQ Performance Required Prereq 2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control Required Credit 1 Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring 1 Credit 2 Increased Ventilation 1 Credit 3.1 Construction IAQ Management Plan , During Construction 1 Credit 3.2 Construction IAQ Management Plan , Before Occupancy 1 Credit 4.1 Low-Emitting Materials , Adhesives & Sealants 1 Credit 4.2 Low-Emitting Materials , Paints & Coatings 1 Credit 4.3 Low-Emitting Materials , Carpet Systems 1 Credit 4.4 Low-Emitting Materials , Composite Wood & Agrifiber Products 1 Credit 5 Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control 1 Credit 6.1 Controllability of Systems , Lighting 1 Credit 6.2 Controllability of Systems , Thermal Comfort 1 Credit 7.1 Thermal Comfort , Design 1 Credit 7.2 Thermal Comfort , Verification 1 Credit 8.1 Daylight & Views , Daylight 75% of Spaces 1 Credit 8.2 Daylight & Views , Views for 90% of Spaces 1

35. LEED Credit Checklist (NC) Innovation & Design Process 5 Possible Points Credit 1.1 Innovation in Design 1 Credit 1.2 Innovation in Design 1 Credit 1.3 Innovation in Design 1 Credit 1.4 Innovation in Design 1 Credit 2 LEED Accredited Professional 1 Project Totals 69 Possible Points Certified 26–32 points Silver 33-38 points Gold 39–51 points Platinum 52–69 points

36. Overview of Watters Creek at Montgomery Farm

37. Aerial of Watters Creek

38. Credit 1 Site Selection Prerequisite 1 Construction Activity Pollution Prevention Sustainable Sites Who is Responsible? (Superintendent during construction and Civil Engineer during Design (provide Names and contact information) This credit Must be achieved since it is a prerequisite. Who will provide the Narrative? Civil Engineer There will be drawings required for submittal. SWPPP Who is Responsible? Architect, landscape architects, ecologists, environmental engineers and civil engineers (provide Names and contact information) There could be a small design time impact due to the research required. There should be little additional Design Fees due to the research. Who will provide the Narrative and project data? Civil Engineer

40. Erosion Control Plan SWPPP Plan Site boundary consistent

41. Who is Responsible? Architect, and civil engineers The initial Cost Impact will be determined by the site selection/location. There could be a small design time impact due to the research required. There should be little additional Design Fees due to the research. Who will provide the Narrative if there are any special circumstances or non-standard compliance paths taken by the project? Who will provide the project date with calculations? Who will provide the site vicinity drawing with information required? If going for option 2 (Community Connectivity) who will do the research? This credit is an owner and design team decision. Sustainable Sites Credit 2 Development Density and Community Connectivity

42. Credit 2 Development Density and Community Connectivity Sustainable Sites ● Research will need to performed for this credit. ● The general approach for achieving this credit is to give preference to sites within an existing urban area. ● Sites with redevelopment plans that will achieve the required development density by the completion of the project should not be excluded from consideration. ● This credit can be achieved by choosing to develop a site where community revitalization is occurring provided the required development density or basic services adjacency is in place or in construction by the project’s completion. ● For the second option – Community Connectivity Only count those services for which there is pedestrian access between the service and the project. (Pedestrian access is assessed by confirming that pedestrians can walk to the services without being blocked by walls, highways, or other barriers.) No service may be counted more than once with the exception of restaurants which can be counted twice. ● Proximity is determined by drawing a ½ mile radius around the main building entrance on a site map and counting the services within that radius.

43. Sustainable Sites Who is Responsible? Architect, and civil engineers There could be additional time impacts due to the potentially extensive effort required to characterize the contamination, evaluate cleanup options and perform cleanup activities. There should be little additional Design Fees due to the research. Who will provide the Narrative? Who will provide the project date required by the EPA? This credit is an owner decision. Credit 3 Brownfield Redevelopment

44. Sustainable Sites Credit 3 Brownfield Redevelopment ● Develop on a site documented as contaminated (by means of an ASTM E1903-97 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment or a local Voluntary Cleanup Program) OR on a site defined as a Brownfield by a local, state or federal government agency. ● The initial Cost Impact could be costly due to the potentially extensive effort required to characterize the contamination, evaluate cleanup options and perform cleanup activities. ● Substantially lower property costs can offset remediation costs and time delays. The cost for remediation varies by site and region. ● Research with local municipalities and landowners for below market purchase prices for Brownfield real estate. ● Obtain tax incentives by meeting the locally applicable requirements of EPA Brownfield tax credits. ● Coordinate any remediation activities with contractor and subcontractors to ensure the scheduling will not be affected. Identify on SWPPP any areas for staging during the remediation efforts.

45. Credit 4.1 Alternative Transportation – Public Transportation Access Sustainable Sites Who is Responsible? Architect, and civil engineers Locate project within ½ mile of an existing or planned and funded commuter rail, light rail, or subway stations Research will need to be done to identify the above information, or if the site is located within ¼ mile of one or more stops for tow or more public or campus bus lines usable by the building occupants. There could be a small time impacts due to research required but not much. There should be no to little additional Design Fees due to the research. Who will provide the Narrative if required? Who will provide the project date and drawings? This credit is an owner decision.

46. Sustainable Sites Credit 4.1 Alternative Transportation – Public Transportation Access ● The owner should provide incentives such as transit passes to encourage occupants to use mass transit. ● If a light rail or subway station is sited, planned and funded at the time the project is completed, it satisfies the intent of this credit. ● Institute a comprehensive transportation management plan that demonstrates a quantifiable reduction in personal automobile use the implementation of multiple alternative options. This will help reduce the amount of space required for parking and Stormwater management as well as assisting in the possibility of achieving a LEED Innovation credit point for all SS 4 credits. This can also help reduce the first costs during construction with a reduction of materials, lead times and additional up-front costs occurred during the design and construction phases.

47. Credit 4.4 Alternative Transportation – Parking Capacity Who is Responsible? Is this credit going to be attempted? Who will provide the Narrative if required? Who will provide the project date and drawings? This credit is an owner and design team decision. ● If parking demand is expected to be less than that required by local codes, consider seeking a variance with the appropriate authorities to provide less parking. - Who will be responsible if needed? ● If parking capacity is reduced the cost of land added for parking as well as infrastructure needed to support vehicles. Reduction parking areas can decrease the amount of impervious surfaces on a site which may result in reduced Stormwater charges. ● “ Preferred Parking” refers to the parking spots that are closest to the main entrance of the project (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped) or parking passes provided at a discounted price. ● Provide appropriate signage at carpool or vanpool locations and include in the construction documents. Sustainable Sites

49. Credit 5.1 Site Development – Protect or Restore Habitat Who is Responsible? Architect, Civil Engineer and Landscape Architect. Is this credit going to be attempted? There will be a Life Cycle Cost Impact. There will be additional Design Fees Who will provide the Narrative if required? Who will provide the project date and drawings? This credit is an owner, design team and contractor decision. Sustainable Sites

50. Credit 5.1 Site Development – Protect or Restore Habitat Sustainable Sites ● There could be a large initial Cost Impact. These impacts can potentially reduce maintenance costs over their lifetime. But the trees and vegetation may be costly to purchase. There may be other additional costs such as soil remediation and water elements. Shade trees located close to the facility may decrease cooling loads and reduce energy expenditures. ● Consider stacking the building program, tuck-under parking and sharing facilities with neighbors. ● Prohibit plant materials listed as invasive or noxious weed species. Native/adapted plants should be used. ● The contractor will need to be involved during the construction process to establish clearly marked construction and disturbance boundaries as well as lay down, recycling , disposal and staging areas. Infrastructure construction will need to be coordinated as well. ●“ Greenfield” sites are those that are not previously developed or graded and remain in a natural state. Previously developed sites are those that previously contained buildings, roadways, parking lots or were graded or altered by direct human activities. ● Use the site survey that was done for SS credit 1. ● For urban projects earning SS c2, consider installing a vegetated roof. Include the structural engineer and landscape architect.

51. Credit 5.2 Site Development – Maximize Open Space Sustainable Sites Who is Responsible? Architect, Civil Engineer and Landscape Architect. Is this credit going to be attempted? There could be additional Design Fees depending on the option taken. Who will provide the Narrative? Who will provide the project date and drawings? Landscape, Civil and Architectural drawings will be required. This credit is an owner and design team decision.

52. Credit 5.2 Site Development – Maximize Open Space Sustainable Sites ● There may not be any initial cost impacts. ● Reducing the building footprint by building vertical may add a small percentage to first cost depending on size and use. A smaller footprint is more resource-efficient and can result in reduced materials and energy costs as well as operations and maintenance costs. Consider a vegetated roof and/or underground parking. ● Consider issues such as building orientation, daylighting, heat island effects, Stormwater generation, significant vegetation, existing green corridors, and other sustainable building issues. ● Wetlands or naturally designed ponds may count as open space if the side slope gradients average 1:4 (vertical: horizontal) or less and are vegetated. ● Use the site survey from SSc1. ● There are 3 options to achieve this credit.

53. Sustainable Sites Who is Responsible? Architect and Civil Engineer. Is this credit going to be attempted? There may costly initial cost impacts. This will depend on the condition of the project site, location, region and climate zone. There will be a Life Cycle Cost Impact. There could be additional Design Fees. Who will provide the Narrative? Who will provide the project date and drawings? This credit is an owner and design team decision. Credit 6.1 Stormwater Design – Quantity Control

54. Credit 6.1 Stormwater Design – Quantity Control Sustainable Sites ● One way to reduce the Stormwater runoff volume is to reduce the amount of impervious area. Specify vegetated roofs and pervious paving. If using pervious paving consider ADA impacts. ● Water detention and retention features require cost for design, installation and maintenance. These features can also add significant value as site amenities . Smaller Stormwater collection and treatment systems lessen the burden on municipalities for maintenance and repair, resulting in a more affordable and stable tax base. ● If considering collection and reuse for non-potable applications verification will need to be made with the local municipality. ● Capturing and reusing Stormwater runoff for landscape is also a consideration.

55. Credit 6.2 Stormwater Design – Quality Control Sustainable Sites Who is Responsible? Architect and Civil Engineer Is this credit going to be attempted? There may be additional cost impacts. There will be a Life Cycle Cost Impact. There could be additional Design Fees depending on design strategies. Who will provide the Narrative if required? Who will provide the project date and drawings? This credit is an owner and design team decision.

58. Porous Pavement

59. Grass Pavers

60. Cistern: An above or below ground storage system that collects, stores and distributes run-off of rain or snow from roofs

62. Narrow Streets

63. No Curb & Gutters

65. Materials and Resources Credit 4.1 Recycled Content – 10% (post-consumer + ½ pre-consumer) Credit 4.2 Recycled Content – 20% (pre-consumer + ½ pre-consumer) ● This credit is based on the total value of the materials on the project. Mechanical, electrical and plumbing components and specialty items such as elevators shall not be included in this calculation. Only include materials permanently installed in the project. Furniture may be included, providing it is included consistently in MR credits 3-7. This cost does not include labor and equipment. ● The recycled content value of a materials assembly shall be determined by weight. The recycled fraction of the assembly is then multiplied by the cost of assembly to determine the recycled content value. ● All recycled content shall be defined in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization document, ISO14021 – Environmental labels and declarations – Self-declared environmental claims (Type II environmental labeling. ● Post-Consumer materials are defined as waste material generated by households or by commercial, industrial and institutional facilities in their role as end-users of the product, which can no longer be used for its intended purposes. ● Pre-Consumer material is defined as material diverted from the waste stream during the manufacturing process. Excluded in reutilization of materials such as rework, regrind or scrap generated in a process and capable of being reclaimed within the same process that generated it.

66. Materials and Resources Credit 4.1 Recycled Content – 10% (post-consumer + ½ pre-consumer) Credit 4.2 Recycled Content – 20% (pre-consumer + ½ pre-consumer) ● Recycled content goals should be established during the design phase. ● Research will be required to determine the percentages of recycled content. ● Run preliminary calculations during the design phase as soon as a project budget is available in order to set appropriate recycled content targets. ● Some materials may require research by design and construction teams to achieve higher levels of recycled content to verify which models of a certain product line feature the desired recycled content like carpet and ceramic tile. ● The project team will need to work with the subcontractors and suppliers to verify availability of materials. ● Contractors should run preliminary calculations based on the construction budget or schedule of values during the pre-construction phase. ● The requirements for this credit must be from a reliable, verifiable source such as the manufacture MSDS sheets, product literature or letter on letterhead. ● For steel products where no recycled content information is available, assume the recycled content to be 25% post consumer. Many steel products will contain 90% or more recycled content if manufactured by the Electric arc furnace process. ● Fly ash in concrete is a pre-consumer recycled content material and there are additional calculation methods to be used.

67. Materials and Resources Credit 5.1 & 5.2 Regional Materials – 10% & 20% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regionally ● For this credit regionally manufactured must be assembled as a finished product within a 500 mile radius of the project site. The dos not include on-site assembly, erection or installation of finished components such as structural steel, miscellaneous iron or systems furniture. Requirements for this credit include building materials or products that have been extracted, harvested or recovered as well as manufactured within 500 miles of the project site of the total materials value. If only a fraction of a product or material is extracted, harvested, recovered and manufactured locally, then only that percentage (by weight) shall contribute to the regional value. This cost does not include labor or equipment. ● MEP and specialty items such as elevators and equipment shall not be included I this calculation. Furniture may be included as long as it is being used for MR credits 3-7. ● Only include materials permanently installed in the project. ● Project teams should run a preliminary calculation during the design phase as soon as the project budget is available. ● During construction verify that the specified local materials are installed and quantify the total percentage of local materials installed.

69. Innovation & Design Process Innovation in Design Credits 1.1-1.4. ● The INTENT of this credit is to provide design teams and projects the opportunity to be awarded points for exceptional performance above the requirements set by the LEED-NC Green Building Rating System and/or innovative performance in Green Building categories not specifically addressed by the LEED-NC Green Building Rating System. ● Requirements = In writing, identify the intent of the proposed innovation credit, the proposed requirements for compliance, the proposed submittals to demonstrate compliance and the design approach (strategies) that might be used to meet the requirements. ● The team must substantially exceed a LEED-NC performance credit such as Energy or water efficiency. Apply strategies or measurements that demonstrate a comprehensive approach and quantifiable environmental and/or health benefits.

71. Innovation & Design Process Credit 2 LEED Accredited Professional Who is Responsible? Design team and Owner. (provide Names and contact information) Is this credit going to be attempted? Who will provide the LEEP AP information? At least one principal participant of the project team shall be a LEED AP.