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Summer training matlab
Introduction to
   MATLAB
BACKGROUND
 MATLAB, which stands for MATrix LABoratory, is a
    software package developed by MathWorks.
   This software package was used initially for numerical
    computations as well as some symbolic manipulation.
   The collection of programs (primarily in Fortran) that
    eventually became MATLAB were developed in the late
    1970s by Cleve Moler, who used them in a numerical
    analysis course he was teaching at the University of New
    Mexico.
   Jack Little and Steve Bangert later reprogrammed these
    routines in C, and added M-files, toolboxes, and more
    powerful graphics (original versions created plots by
    printing asterisks on the screen).
   Moler, Little, and Bangert founded MathWorks in
    California in 1984.
   If we get a job in a particular field of engineering
    , university or industry we will mostly used specialized
    software.
Why MATLAB ?
   Ease of Use
   User Friendly
   Platform Independence
   Predefined Functions
   Device-Independent Plotting
   Graphical User interface
   MATLAB Compiler

Why not MATLAB
 Has some drawbacks:
   Slow for some kinds of processes
   Cost effective
Introduction
 What Is MATLAB?

 MATLAB (MATrix LABoratory)

   Flexibility to solve a large number of
      problems
     High-level technical computing
      language and interactive environment
     high-performance language for technical
      computing
     Good Tool for visualization
     Computation and programming is an
      easy-to-use environment
     Has computational and graphical tools
     Handles real and complex
      scalars, vectors and matrices
     Script Language is relatively easy to learn
Introduction
 Typical uses include:
   Simple calculation
   Plotting and analyzing mathematical
      relationships (2D and 3D)
     List and Matrix operations
     Writing script files (a type of Programming)
     Symbolic manipulation of Equations
     Mathematical Computations
     Algorithm development
     Modelling, simulation, and prototyping
     Data analysis, exploration, and visualization
     Scientific and engineering graphics
     Application development, including Graphical User
      Interface building
MATLAB Worldwide
   Aerospace and Defense
   Automotive
   Biotech, Medical, and
    Pharmaceutical
   Chemical and Petroleum
   Communications
   Computers and Office Equipment
   Education
   Electronics and Semiconductor
   Financial Services
   Industrial Equipment and
    Machinery
   Instrumentation
   Utilities and Energy
Introduction to some basic
matrix operators and
other tools
• Some important matrix operations
• Introduction to some operators
• Introduction to M-file editor
• Editing and debugging M-files
• Basic plotting functions
• Creating plot
• Editing plot


                                     8
Basic Matlab Operations

 >> % This is a comment, it starts with a “%”
 >> y = 5*3 + 2^2;            % simple arithmetic
   >> x = [1 2 4 5 6]; % create the vector “x”
   >> x1 = x.^2;       % square each element in x
   >> E = sum(abs(x).^2);     % Calculate signal energy
   >> P = E/length(x); % Calculate av signal power
   >> x2 = x(1:3);            % Select first 3 elements in x
2D & 3D
Graphics
Introduction
 The MATLAB environment provides a wide variety of
  techniques to display data graphically.
 Interactive tools enable you to manipulate graphs to
  achieve results that reveal the most information about your
  data.
 You can also annotate and print graphs for
  presentations, or export graphs to standard graphics
  formats for presentation in Web browsers or other media.



                                                                11
Creating a Graph
 The type of graph you choose to create depends on the nature of
  your data and what you want to reveal about the data.
 You can choose from many predefined graph types, such as
  line, bar, histogram, and pie graphs as well as 3-D graphs, such
  as surfaces, slice planes, and streamlines.

 There are two basic ways to create MATLAB graphs:

    Use the command interface to enter commands in the
     Command Window or create
    plotting programs.
      Use plotting tools to create graphs interactively.
2d graphs




Types of MATLAB Plots 2D
3d Graphs




Types of MATLAB Plots 3D
NASA ELECTRON BEAM WELDER
Summer training matlab
Summer training matlab
Summer training matlab
Matlab Simulink
Simulink
 Introduction
 Simulink software models, simulates, and analyzes
  dynamic systems.
 It enables us to pose a question about a system, model
  the system, and see what happens.
 With Simulink, we can easily build models from
  scratch, or modify existing models to meet your needs.
 Simulink       supports     linear     and     nonlinear
  systems, modeled in continuous time, sampled time, or a
  hybrid of the two.
 Systems can also be multirate having different parts that
  are sampled or updated at different rates.
Simulink
 Thousands of scientists and engineers around the world use
  Simulink to model and solve real problems in a variety of
  industries, including:
    Aerospace and Defense
    Automotive
    Communications
    Electronics and Signal Processing
    Medical Instrumentation
Starting and Running
Simulink
 Type the following at the Matlab
  command prompt
 >> simulink
 The Simulink library should appear

 Click File-New to create a new
  workspace, and drag and drop objects
  from the library onto the workspace.

 Selecting Simulation-Start from the
  pull down menu will run the dynamic
  simulation. Click on the blocks to
  view the data or alter the run-time
  parameters
Signals and Systems in
  Simulink
 Two main sets of libraries for building
  simple simulations in Simulink:
• Signals: Sources and Sinks
• Systems: Continuous and Discrete
Basic Simulink Example
 Copy “sine wave” source and “scope”
  sink onto a new Simulink work space
  and connect.

 Set sine wave parameters modify to 2
  rad/sec

 Run the simulation:
      Simulation - Start

 Open the scope and leave open while
  you change parameters (sin or
  simulation parameters) and re-run

 Many other Simulink demos …
Modeling Jaguar
Summer training matlab
Summer training matlab
Communication
Toolbox
Presentation
Outline
     Section Overview
     Expected background from the Users
     Studying Components of the Communication System
     BER : As performance evaluation Technique
     Scatter Plot
     Simulating a Communication Link….Examples
     BERTool : A Bit Error Rate GUI
Studying Components of
Communication system
We will See for two Types:

 Analog Communications
 Digital Communications
Analog Communication
System

     Signal                         De-
                  Modulation
     Source                       Modulation




   This may be any analog signal such as Sine
   wave, Cosine Wave, Triangle Wave………………..
Analog
Modulation/Demodulation
Functions
ammod                Amplitude modulation
amdemod    Amplitude demodulation
fmmod                Frequency modulation
fmdemod    Frequency demodulation
pmmod                Phase modulation
pmdemod    Phase demodulation
ssbmod               Single sideband amplitude Mod
ssbdemod   Single sideband amplitude DeMod
Image Processing
Toolbox
Images in MATLAB
• Binary images :{0,1}
• Intensity images : [0,1] or uint8, double etc.
• RGB images : m-by-n-by-3
• Indexed images : m-by-3 color map
Images and Matrices
 Accesing image elements
                                         X
  (row, column)
  >> A(2,1)
  ans = 4                            Y
 : can be used to extract a whole
  column or row
  >> A(:,2)
  ans =2
                                          A=
        5
                                         1 2 3
        8                                4 5 6
 or a part of a column or row           7 8 9

   >> A(1:2,2)
  ans =2
Flow Control
 Flow control in MATLAB
  - for loops
  for row=1:3
         for col=1:3
                  if row==col
                           A(row, col)=1;   A=
                  elseif abs(row-col)==1
                           A(row, col)=2;    1   2   0
                                             2   1   2
                  else
                                             0   2   1
                           A(row, col)=0;
                  end
         end
  end
THANK YOU

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Summer training matlab

  • 3. BACKGROUND  MATLAB, which stands for MATrix LABoratory, is a software package developed by MathWorks.  This software package was used initially for numerical computations as well as some symbolic manipulation.  The collection of programs (primarily in Fortran) that eventually became MATLAB were developed in the late 1970s by Cleve Moler, who used them in a numerical analysis course he was teaching at the University of New Mexico.  Jack Little and Steve Bangert later reprogrammed these routines in C, and added M-files, toolboxes, and more powerful graphics (original versions created plots by printing asterisks on the screen).  Moler, Little, and Bangert founded MathWorks in California in 1984.  If we get a job in a particular field of engineering , university or industry we will mostly used specialized software.
  • 4. Why MATLAB ?  Ease of Use  User Friendly  Platform Independence  Predefined Functions  Device-Independent Plotting  Graphical User interface  MATLAB Compiler Why not MATLAB  Has some drawbacks:  Slow for some kinds of processes  Cost effective
  • 5. Introduction  What Is MATLAB?  MATLAB (MATrix LABoratory)  Flexibility to solve a large number of problems  High-level technical computing language and interactive environment  high-performance language for technical computing  Good Tool for visualization  Computation and programming is an easy-to-use environment  Has computational and graphical tools  Handles real and complex scalars, vectors and matrices  Script Language is relatively easy to learn
  • 6. Introduction  Typical uses include:  Simple calculation  Plotting and analyzing mathematical relationships (2D and 3D)  List and Matrix operations  Writing script files (a type of Programming)  Symbolic manipulation of Equations  Mathematical Computations  Algorithm development  Modelling, simulation, and prototyping  Data analysis, exploration, and visualization  Scientific and engineering graphics  Application development, including Graphical User Interface building
  • 7. MATLAB Worldwide  Aerospace and Defense  Automotive  Biotech, Medical, and Pharmaceutical  Chemical and Petroleum  Communications  Computers and Office Equipment  Education  Electronics and Semiconductor  Financial Services  Industrial Equipment and Machinery  Instrumentation  Utilities and Energy
  • 8. Introduction to some basic matrix operators and other tools • Some important matrix operations • Introduction to some operators • Introduction to M-file editor • Editing and debugging M-files • Basic plotting functions • Creating plot • Editing plot 8
  • 9. Basic Matlab Operations  >> % This is a comment, it starts with a “%”  >> y = 5*3 + 2^2; % simple arithmetic  >> x = [1 2 4 5 6]; % create the vector “x”  >> x1 = x.^2; % square each element in x  >> E = sum(abs(x).^2); % Calculate signal energy  >> P = E/length(x); % Calculate av signal power  >> x2 = x(1:3); % Select first 3 elements in x
  • 11. Introduction  The MATLAB environment provides a wide variety of techniques to display data graphically.  Interactive tools enable you to manipulate graphs to achieve results that reveal the most information about your data.  You can also annotate and print graphs for presentations, or export graphs to standard graphics formats for presentation in Web browsers or other media. 11
  • 12. Creating a Graph  The type of graph you choose to create depends on the nature of your data and what you want to reveal about the data.  You can choose from many predefined graph types, such as line, bar, histogram, and pie graphs as well as 3-D graphs, such as surfaces, slice planes, and streamlines.  There are two basic ways to create MATLAB graphs:  Use the command interface to enter commands in the Command Window or create  plotting programs. Use plotting tools to create graphs interactively.
  • 13. 2d graphs Types of MATLAB Plots 2D
  • 14. 3d Graphs Types of MATLAB Plots 3D
  • 20. Simulink Introduction  Simulink software models, simulates, and analyzes dynamic systems.  It enables us to pose a question about a system, model the system, and see what happens.  With Simulink, we can easily build models from scratch, or modify existing models to meet your needs.  Simulink supports linear and nonlinear systems, modeled in continuous time, sampled time, or a hybrid of the two.  Systems can also be multirate having different parts that are sampled or updated at different rates.
  • 21. Simulink  Thousands of scientists and engineers around the world use Simulink to model and solve real problems in a variety of industries, including:  Aerospace and Defense  Automotive  Communications  Electronics and Signal Processing  Medical Instrumentation
  • 22. Starting and Running Simulink  Type the following at the Matlab command prompt  >> simulink  The Simulink library should appear  Click File-New to create a new workspace, and drag and drop objects from the library onto the workspace.  Selecting Simulation-Start from the pull down menu will run the dynamic simulation. Click on the blocks to view the data or alter the run-time parameters
  • 23. Signals and Systems in Simulink  Two main sets of libraries for building simple simulations in Simulink: • Signals: Sources and Sinks • Systems: Continuous and Discrete
  • 24. Basic Simulink Example  Copy “sine wave” source and “scope” sink onto a new Simulink work space and connect.  Set sine wave parameters modify to 2 rad/sec  Run the simulation:  Simulation - Start  Open the scope and leave open while you change parameters (sin or simulation parameters) and re-run  Many other Simulink demos …
  • 29. Presentation Outline  Section Overview  Expected background from the Users  Studying Components of the Communication System  BER : As performance evaluation Technique  Scatter Plot  Simulating a Communication Link….Examples  BERTool : A Bit Error Rate GUI
  • 30. Studying Components of Communication system We will See for two Types:  Analog Communications  Digital Communications
  • 31. Analog Communication System Signal De- Modulation Source Modulation This may be any analog signal such as Sine wave, Cosine Wave, Triangle Wave………………..
  • 32. Analog Modulation/Demodulation Functions ammod Amplitude modulation amdemod Amplitude demodulation fmmod Frequency modulation fmdemod Frequency demodulation pmmod Phase modulation pmdemod Phase demodulation ssbmod Single sideband amplitude Mod ssbdemod Single sideband amplitude DeMod
  • 34. Images in MATLAB • Binary images :{0,1} • Intensity images : [0,1] or uint8, double etc. • RGB images : m-by-n-by-3 • Indexed images : m-by-3 color map
  • 35. Images and Matrices  Accesing image elements X (row, column) >> A(2,1) ans = 4 Y  : can be used to extract a whole column or row >> A(:,2) ans =2 A= 5 1 2 3 8 4 5 6  or a part of a column or row 7 8 9 >> A(1:2,2) ans =2
  • 36. Flow Control  Flow control in MATLAB - for loops for row=1:3 for col=1:3 if row==col A(row, col)=1; A= elseif abs(row-col)==1 A(row, col)=2; 1 2 0 2 1 2 else 0 2 1 A(row, col)=0; end end end