Monoclonal antibodies

2.  Monoclonal antibodies are
monospecific , made by
Identical immune cells that are
all clones of unique parent cell.
 Have monovalent affinity,
They bind to same epitope.

3.  Immunization of mouse
 Fusion of myeloma cells and immune spleen
cells
 Culturing in HAT media
 Separation of hybridoma cells
 Cloning of hybridoma cells

5.  Cell ,cell debris ,lipids,
clotted materials are first
removed by
 Charged impurities such
nucleic acids and endotoxins
seperated by

6.  Quick or single step method is
is problematic for
antibodies which can easily damaged.

7. Whole antibody is of murine origin.
Murine variable region fused onto
human C region.
By grafting murine hyper variable
amino acid domains into human antibody.

9. Biosensors & Microarrays
Cancer , Transplant rejection,
Infectious diseases
Purification of drugs , Imaging
the target
Fight against Bioterrorism

10. NAME TYPE TARGET APPLICATION
OKT3 Murine CD3 molecules Acute rejection
of organ
INFLIXIMAB Chimeric Inhibits TNF-a Rheumatoid
arthritis
OMALIZUMAB Humanized IgE Moderate to
serve allergic
asthma
PALIVIZUMAB Humanized Inhibits an RSV
fusion protein
RSV infection in
children

11. When monoclonal antibody attaches to cancer cell :
Rituximab drug attaches to specific
protein CD20 found on B cells makes
cell more visible to immune system
Cetuximab attaches to growth factor
receptors , blocking its signal and
suppress cancer growth

12. Bevacizumab blocks growth signal
which attract blood vessels then tumor
shrinks.
By combining radioactive particle with
monoclonal antibodies, radiation are
deliver to cancer cells only , cancer cell
dies.