5. three times
where infant mortality is
the Nairobi average
and the second most costly cause of under-
five mortality is diarrheal disease
Source: Crow (2009), Kyobutungi (2008); Image Credit: Chrissy Olson
6. people who buy water joke that
they are buying cholera
Credit: Global Giving
25. 40% of
vendors in
But he doesn’t knowdo not have a
Kibera
when
he’ll have constant supply
it.
10% get water only
once a week
Source: Water and Sanitation Program; Photo Credit: AFP/ Getty Images/ Roberto Schmidt
26. looking for water and
people are
waiting for water
Credit: Ben Crow, Anthropology, UCSC
27. he needs a way to let people
know that he has water
Credit: AP/Alixa Sharkey
28. So that he can attract
customers who may not
Credit: Daily Nation
who know about him
may
not know about him
29. or who
don’t want
to risk
traveling to
an
empty
tap
Credit: MYSA Shootback
40. m-maji
Samuel
***: Mashimoni
Community Tank @ 2.8
Ksh, **: next to
GLORY food kiosk @ 3
Ksh / rt turn from
Geojam video hall @
2.5 Ksh / near
Frepals hosp. @ 2.7
Ksh
Salome
41. m-maji near Frepals hosp. @
2.7 Ksh
Samuel
Mashimoni Community
Tank @ 2.8 Ksh
Salome
43. m-maji ***:, near Frepals
hosp. @ 2.7 Ksh
**: Mashimoni Commun
ity Tank @ 2.8 Ksh /
next to GLORY food
Samuel kiosk @ 3 Ksh / rt
turn from Geojam
video hall @ 2.5 Ksh ***: Mashimoni
Commu nity Tank @
2.8 Ksh, **: next
to GLORY food kiosk
@ 3 Ksh / rt turn
from Geojam video
hall @ 2.5 Ksh /
near Frepals hosp.
@ 2.7 Ksh
Salome
44. m-maji
If a vendor misrepresents
Samuel
availability or price, Salome can
file a complaint
Salome
46. We considered a range of different
issues around coordinating
information on water
47. Usability
User Cost
Interactions
Format
Limitations
Markets, Information
Politics Context
Location Availability Price Quality
Law of One Price
Collective Action Problems
Winners / Losers
We considered a range of different
Gangs & Government
issues around coordinating
information on water
48. Professor Ben Crow,
UCSC
NextDrop,
Crowdsourcing Water in India
University of Nairobi
Professor Edward Miguel,
UC Berkeley We considered a range of different
issues around coordinating
information on water
49. We considered a range of different
issues around coordinating
information on water
50. Usability
User Cost
Interactions
Format
Limitations
51. Usability • SMS
• Flashing
User
Interactions
Cost • Voice
Format
• USSD
Limitations
52. Usability • SMS
• Flashing
User
Interactions
Cost • Voice
Format
• USSD
Limitations
53. Information
Context
Location Availability Price Quality
54. Information
Context
Location Availability Price Quality
• Describing
locations
55. Information
Context
Location Availability Price Quality
• Describing
locations
56. Information
Context
Location Availability Price Quality
• Describing
locations
57. Markets,
Politics
Law of One Price
Collective Action Problems
Winners / Losers
Gangs & Government
58. Markets,
Politics
Law of One Price
Collective Action Problems
Winners / Losers
Gangs & Government
59. Usability • SMS
• Flashing
User
Interactions
Cost • Voice
Format
• USSD
Limitations
Markets, Information
Politics Context
Law of One Price Location Availability Price Quality
Collective Action Problems
• Describing
Winners / Losers
locations
Gangs & Government
68. Pilot / Field Test
User Feedback
Lower Water Prices?
Converge to Truthfulness?
Reduced Travel Costs?
69. Special Thanks
Leann Bankoski Emily Krumpel
Prof. Michele Barry Prof. Edward Miguel
Prof. Josh Cohen Sally Madsen
Prof. Ben Crow Caroline O’Connor
Jason Dunford Ben Olding
Lauren Finzer Macy Parker
Lucky Gunasekara Alexis Sampson
Eva Hoffmann Karen Warner
Wendy Ju Prof. Terry Winograd
and
our amazing collaborators
at the University of Nairobi