1. Name: CHEW UNG HENG
ID: 0315397
Course: Foundation In Natural ad Built Environment
Assignment: Journal
Lecturer: Pang Chia Yee
Submission Date: 18/12/13

2. Journal 1
Today lecture we were discussing on the topic of Components and Theories of
Attitudes. Basically, attitudes are positive or negative evaluations of objects of
thoughts. The three components of attitudes that we had learnt is cognitive, affective,
and behavioural. For further understanding, lecturer had given us some example on
those components which are attitude on gun control and sexiest attitude toward
woman. What the factors might cause a person to change their attitudes? Source,
message and receiver are the factors that could be changed others attitudes. Then, we
talked about the operant conditioning and observational behaviour. We learnt about
the definition of operant conditioning which is a form of learning in which responses
come to be controlled by their consequences. For instance, a man give a response by
telling a joke, then the rewarding stimulus presented that make the others laugh and
effect on his behaviour which his tendency to tell jokes increases. Then, we learnt
about the reinforcement which is the consequences that strengthen responses that
divided into primary reinforces that satisfy biological needs ,secondary reinforces that
conditioned reinforcement, continuous reinforcement that faster acquisition and
extinction and also intermittent reinforcement. Besides, reinforcement also divided
into negative reinforcement and positive reinforcement. Lecturer had shown us the
experiments that had made on rat to show the both types of reinforcement. Next, we
entered the topic of observational learning with the definition of when an organism’s
responding is influenced by the observation of others, who called models. There are 4
basic processes which are attention, retention, reproduction and motivation. Within
this topic, lecturer had shown us some surveys of observational learning which make
us more understanding about the observational learning. Lastly, we learnt about the
theories of attitude change cognitive dissonance. Through this lesson, I had learnt
some things quite new about the understanding of attitudes and what the factors and
processes of changing our attitudes so it is doubt that I had going through an
important lecture today.

3. Journal 2
For today lecture, we had learnt on the topic of attraction and close relationship. First,
we learn three main things that increases liking of others which are proximity,
familiarity and similarity. Proximity is about friendship choice, physical proximity
and housing design. It has already become a hazier psychological concept during the
20th century. Next, familiarity is about mere exposure effect that repeated exposure to
an object results in greater attraction to the object. Familiarity also underlies other
concepts which are propinquity, similarity and reciprocal liking. Then, similarity of
attitudes is pre-acquainted attitudes become more attractive. Based on law of
attraction, attraction towards a person bears a linear relationship to the actual
proportion of similar attitudes. We also learnt why similarity is so important in
attraction. Besides, we also learnt about the personal characteristics that everyone has
different personality such as openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism
and extraversion. Then, we also learnt about the stage theories of personality
development. Lastly, we also had been taught about the early emotional development.
For the conclusion, I had learnt on how to become more attractive so that I can make a
lot of friends and begin a new relationship.