this PP presentation presents some of the points related to the Biopiracy concept.

1. BIOPIRACY ANDITS EFFECTS ON BIODIVERSITY

2. BioDiversity Biodiversity is the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or an entire planet. The UN declared the year 2010 as the International Year of Biodiversity.

3. Biodiverstiy Concentration Approximately 90% of the world's remaining biodiversity is concentrated in tropical and sub-tropical regions within developing countries, especially in key centers of mega-diversity: Mexico Brazil India Indonesia Australia The Democratic Republic of Congo.

5. BioPiracy Biopiracy refers to the collection, study and commercialization of biological and genetic resources without the free and prior informed consent of source communities and countries, and the application of intellectual property rights (IPR) on these resources.

6. Why PATENTS are BAD? Patents on life forms threaten community access to three of the most critical elements of human survival: food water health care.

7. Why companies choose Biopiracy instead of Bioprospecting? Due to the competition in the pharmaceutical and agricultural area, big companies do not have time to collect samples legally, so they engage in biopiracy in order to be the first to patent biological material.

8. “Gene Rush” instead of “Gold Rush” Companies realize that genes of living organisms are the basic 'raw materials' of the new biotechnologies. The 'Gene Rush' has thus become a new version of the old 'Gold Rush', in the rush for future profits.

9. Biopiracy methods Illegal collection of Bio Samples in the biodiversity “hot spots”. Collaboration with universities, governments and non-government organizations, which are able to contribute relatively low-cost field research and input. In exchange for their involvement, those organizations receive: project funding Scholarships technological hardware.

10. Biopiracy and illegal patenting Examples: W R Grace Company patented the pesticide extract from the neem tree (sample taken from India). German Pharmaceutical company patented illegally manzana variety of the chamomile (sample taken from Mexico).

11. BioPiracy effects on Biodiversity Biopiracy alters the environment, which in turn causes Biodiversity depletion

12. Example: Asia: Used to be more than 100,000 varieties of rice in the 20th century. Now, less than a dozen are planted in 70 % of land being cultivated for rice. India: Used to be 30,000 Now only 10 varieties are grown in 75 %. Sri Lanka: Used to be more than 2,000 Now, only 5 varieties. Philippines: Used to be 3,500 varieties of rice Now only 8varieties are grown in more than 75 % of ricelands today.

13. Biodiversity Depletion EffectsFood security: The availability of biodiversity is often a "safety net" that increases food security.

14. Vulnerability: Many communities have experienced more natural disasters over the past several decades. Coral Reefs Mangroves

18. In addition to agriculture, biodiversity contributes to a range of other sectors, including

19. "ecotourism"

20. pharmaceuticals

21. cosmetics