1. Practical Problem Solving
Using Mobile Technology
#12NTCjsi
@JSIhealth
@WorldEd
Joy Kamunyori, JSI
Mindy Nichamin, JSI
David Noyes, WEI
Marco Sotelino, WEI
Sarah Hiller, JSI

2. Evaluate This Session!
Each entry is a chance to win an NTEN engraved iPad!
or Online at www.nten.org/ntc/eval
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
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USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

3. Today’s Presentation
• Overview
• Goal: to help you integrate mobile technology into your
programs (or refine your current mobile tech programs),
with an understanding of:
– How to use appropriate mobile technology to address
development challenges
– How to use new mobile tools and also re-purpose
current tools
– How to use mobile technology to connect hard-to-
reach populations with the information they need
• Poll
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4. Zimbabwe: Using Images to
Transmit Data
Joy Kamunyori
Technical Advisor
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John Snow, Inc. (JSI) USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
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5. PRACTICAL PROBLEMSOLVING
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6. Context
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7. Context
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8. `
Context
•Facilities offering antiretroviral therapy (ART)
report stock information every 2 months
•95% reporting rate, but 68% on-time
reporting rate
•Affects timeliness of delivery of antiretroviral
drugs (ARVs) to facilities
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9. Reporting
•Forms sent to main warehouse by Expedited Mail
Service (EMS) or in person
•Sometimes facilities give information via voice
calls
•80+% of facilities use cell phones to get contact
Logistics Officers
• 80+% have network coverage
•Urban facilities sometimes email scanned forms
or Excel
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10. `
The Problem
•Facilities filling out forms on time, but not arriving
on time
•Focus: Decrease the amount of time taken for
data to get from facilities to main warehouse
•How? Technology!
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11. Main Constraint: 227 Data Points!
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12. Other Constraints
•Integration with current business processes
•Available infrastructure
•Adding to workload at facility
•Balancing current needs with future growth
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13. T h e S o lu t io n
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14. Potential Solutions
Submit via web interface
Scan and submit via internet
Submit from mobile handset via SMS
Voice phone call (IVR)
Submit from mobile handset using JAVA form over mobile data
connection/SMS
Capture an image using mobile handset, and submit via mobile data
connection
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15. Steps
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17. Implementation Plan
•2 month feasibility pilot (5 facilities)
•Review and assess pilot
•6 month extended pilot (40 facilities)
•Review and adjust
•Scale up to all facilities
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18. Challenges
•No MMS – images had to be sent via email
• Added training elements
• Setting up phones for email was difficult
• Phones experienced difficulty sending
emails
•Only 2 facilities actively participated in pilot
• Urban facilities did not participate
•Cell phone management
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19. Results
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20. Results
•Most images were a little hazy but legible
•Approximately 90% of images arrived within the
minute
•6% took less than 10 mins
•3% took over an hour
•There were instances where messages were sent
but not received
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22. Next Steps
•Next phase of pilot will include 11 sites
• Only remote facilities included
•MMS now available in country
• MMS option to be explored instead
of email
•Increased training on good picture taking and cell
phone management
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23. C o c o a L in k : U s in g M o b ile
T e c h n o lo g y t o C o n n e c t
C o c o a C o m m u n it ie s
David Noyes &
Marco Sotelino
Africa Division
World Education, Inc.
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24. C o c o a L in k : G h a n a

Public-Private Partnership
between The Hershey Company,
World Cocoa Foundation, and
Ghana Cocoa Board
(COCOBOD); funded by
Hershey’s

Implemented by World
Education, Inc.

Local partners CENCOSAD and
DreamOval

Government support:
COCOBOD, CRIG, NPECLC
15 CocoaLink communities in 3
districts of the Western region
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25. PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
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26. PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING Slide 26
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27. PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING Slide 27
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31. C o c o a F a r m in g in G h a n a

Bean to bar is a long process
(~2 million smallholder farmers in West
Africa produce 66% of world production)

Ghana + Cote d'Ivoire produce
most of the world's cocoa

Over 700,000 cocoa farmers in
Ghana

Over 800,000 tons per year

20% of global production

Small farms (a few hectares)

Low yields: 400 kg/hectare/yr
(optimal is ~3x more)

Aging farmer population
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32. Sustainable Cocoa Communities
• Knowledge & Skills: tree
nursery, tree spacing,
pruning, monitoring and
caring for trees, insect and
disease control, use of
fertilizer, harvesting & post-
harvesting techniques –
improved techniques
• Inputs: land, seeds, fertilizer,
tools, transportation, access
to credit – what farmers need
• Awareness: shift from
subsistence, family-oriented
activity to profitable
agribusiness
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33. Improving Skills Leads to
Better Use of Inputs
• How do farmers acquire skills?
• Family/tradition, “learning by doing,” training programs,
agriculture extension field agents
• Drawbacks of these means
• Use of practices that do not result in optimal yields (e.g.
tree spacing, black pod)
• Low literacy levels and prohibitive cost per beneficiary of
training programs
• Under-resourced extension service systems
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34. Mobile Technology is Widespread in Ghana
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35. T h e S o lu t io n
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36. Information Dissemination through Mobile Phones
G ha na G o ve rnme nt
( C O C O B O D , C R IG , N a t io n a l P r o g r a m )
I m p l e m e n t i n g s t P r a c t i c e s i n C o c o a F a r m i nD o n o r s
Be g
P a rtne rs ( H e r s h e y,
( W E I, C E N C O S A D , WC F )
D r e a m O v a l)
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37. Enrollment Service – Via Mobile/Short Code
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38. Messages
•
Developed with Ghanaian
Government
•
Address best practices in
agriculture, as well as
farm safety
•
Timed to roll out with the
different steps of cocoa
growing and harvesting cycles
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39. January: Lining and Pegging
“Do you want healthier looking,
better yielding cocoa trees and a
farm that is easier to work on?
Then line and peg your farm at the
recommended spacing of 3m x 3m
(or 10ft x 10ft).”
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40. March: Pruning
“Have you pruned your farm? You
should prune your farm before the
rainy season begins in April/May.”
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41. August: Capsid Control
“Make it a point to spray your cocoa
farm in August, September, October
and December to control capsids. For
effective results, use only CONFIDOR,
ACTARA or AKATEMASTER.”
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42. September: Harvesting
“Harvest your cocoa pods regularly
when the pods are yellowish green or
greenish yellow. Avoid cutting the
pods so that the beans are
not damaged.”
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43. Farm Safety
“Protect your children’s future! Stop children
below 18 years from working with
agrochemicals.”
“Cover yourself well when spraying. Do not eat,
drink or smoke during spraying. Dispose the
chemical containers immediately by
burying them.”
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44. Inviting Farmers to Engage
“Do you have any questions or
enquiries about cocoa farming
activities? Then text to short code
1980 to receive prompt response.”
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45. Two Way Message System
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46. Community-Based Activities Reinforce Messages
• Educational sessions have taken place
in all 15 communities, reaching over
1000 individual farmers (~40%
women)
• Community-level meetings allow
farmers to share learning and ask
specific questions
• Visits by extension officers are more
productive and are registering farmers
• Local language delivery (Twi & Sefwi)
• CocoaLink News
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47. Results
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48. Expected Results
• Delivers critical information:
– Agricultural, farm safety, child labor, and health messages via text and voice in
local languages
– Uses extension material to respond to farmers’ information needs
• Builds skills:
– Majority of farmers own phones but don’t know how to text
– Builds on literacy skills being developed in the ECHOES program
• Connects farmers and extension service workers:
– Dramatically multiplies Ghana’s extension services and in a more cost-
effective manner
– Initial phase will directly involve 1,450 cocoa farmers (8,000 farm family
members); scale-up plan to reach out to 100,000 farmers nationwide
• Expected to Enhance Prosperity:
– Strengthening the families’ financial position by improving cocoa productivity
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49. Challenges
• Low literacy levels of farmers
(capacity to read messages and
manipulate phone)
• Further development of 2-way
messaging system
• Technical challenges (farmers
receive messages in wrong
language, registered users not
receiving messages; lack of
access to electricity – 24 hour
window for message)
• Farmers have information, but
not able to afford some inputs
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50. Moving Forward
• Build the role of extension
workers in registering farmers
• Move to new regions in Ghana
• Accompany where possible with
training in phone usage
and literacy
• Expand to other cocoa
producing countries
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51. A ID S . g
ov &
M o b ile
Mindy Nichamin
AIDS.gov New Media Coordinator
John Snow, Inc. (JSI)
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52. PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
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53. The Rise of Mobile Smartphone
Platforms
in the US, 2011
• 52% of U.S. adults
phone owners have Oh r
te
smartphones (8
3 %)
• A do
n rid
• Smartphones and tablets • iOS
outshipped PCs (desktop and (2
6 %)
notebooks) for the first time in
Q4 2011
Canalys & Pew Internet
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54. 80%
of internet users have
looked online for
health information.
This translates to 59% of all adults.
Source: The Social Life of Health Information, May 12, 2011 by Susannah Fox
Pew Internet & American Life Project
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55. % of people who use their phone to go online
51 46
Hispanics/
Latinos African
Americans
33
Whites
Source: “Mobile Access 2010,” Pew Internet & American Life Project
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56. 30 years ago
56

57. Mobile in 1981
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58. Mobile today
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59. T h e S o lu t io n
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60. Tiers of Adoption
SMS
• Lowest
common
denominator
• Universal
adoption
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61. Tiers of Adoption
Mobile Web
– Nearly universal
Applications
– Targeted experience
– Platform specific (Android,
iOS, Windows, Blackberry,
etc.)
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62. Return on Investment
= 10,000
Cost vs. Users Reached
users reached
Mobile Website
Mobile App
(iPhone only)
Mobile App
(iPhone, Android, BB)
$0 $22,500 $45,000 $67,500 $90,000
Source: Mashable – Aaron Maxwell
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63. w w w . A ID S

64. m . A ID S . g
ov
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65. 65

66. PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
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67. PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
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68. R e s u lt s
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69. AIDS.gov Mobile Site
• Mobile accounts for
15% of all traffic
to AIDS.gov (just 4%
1 year ago)
• Mobile visits
increased 1100%
over the past year
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70. 28,000 actual searches
13% are mobile
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71. 18%
The proportion of mobile users who land on
“How you get HIV or AIDS”
(making it the most viewed page on m.AIDS.gov)
Mobile users are coming to us for what they see as our most important
content and are bypassing the home page altogether.
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72. Private/Personal
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73. QR C odes
A ID S . g o v M o b ile S it e A ID S . g o v
http:/ m.A I D S.gov
/ L o c a to r
http:/ locator.A I D S.gov
/
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74. Resources
Lance Roggendorff Jeremy Vanderlan
LRoggendorff@icfi.com JVanderlan@icfi.com
@lroggendorff @thulcandrian
Luke Wroblewski Pew Internet & American
www.lukew.com Josh Clark Life Project
www.globalmoxie.com www.pewinternet.org
@lukew
@globalmoxie @Pew_Internet
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75. Stay Connected
blog.AIDS.gov http://m.AIDS.gov
twitter.com/AIDSgov
facebook.com/AIDSgov
youtube.com/AIDSgov
foursquare.com/AIDSgov
http://locator.AIDS.gov
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
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76. Key Take Aways
2.You can do a lot with your grandmother’s cell phone.
You don’t need a smart phone to make an impact, but in the United
States, it helps.
3.Appropriate technology is the new black.
Appropriate = sexy. Pass it on.
4.Big change does not require a big investment.
Re-use and Recycle.
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77. Contact Us
Joy Kamunyori
jkamunyori@jsi.com
Mindy Nichamin
twitter.com/JSIhealth
mnichamin@jsi.com twitter.com/WorldEd
David Noyes facebook.com/JSIhealth
dnoyes@worlded.org facebook.com/WorldEd
youtube.com/JSIhealth
Marco Sotelino gplus.to/jsi
msotelino@worlded.org
Sarah Hiller
shiller@jsi.com
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78. Evaluate This Session!
Each entry is a chance to win an NTEN engraved iPad!
or Online at www.nten.org/ntc/eval
Thank you!
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
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