1.
Submitted to
DR. ANJALATCHI
MSC. (N)MBA (HA)
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
Era university
Submitted by
Alisha khan
MHA 4th semester
Era university
Lucknow

2.
 Introduction
 Types of man made disaster
 Reasons for man made disaster
 Nuclear disaster
 Biological disaster
 Chemical disaster
 Fire disaster
 Precaution of all disaster
 Summary
 Conclusion

3.
Man-made disasters have an element of human intent,
negligence, or error involving a failure of a man-made
system, as opposed to natural disasters resulting from natural
hazards. Such man-made disasters are crime, arson, civil
disorder, terrorism, war, biological/chemical threat, cyber-
attacks, etc.
Introduction

4.
Man-made disasters are the consequence of
technological or human hazards.
Examples include stampedes, fires, transport
accidents, industrial accidents, oil spills and
nuclear explosions/radiation. War and
deliberate attacks may also be put in this
category. As with natural hazards, man- made
hazards are events that have not happened,
for instance terrorism. Man- made disasters
are examples of specific cases where man-
made hazards have become reality in an
event.

5.
Nuclear disasters
Biological disasters
Chemical disasters
Fire accidents
Road accidents
Terrorism, Epidemic
Etc.

6.
Nuclear power plants use the heat generated from nuclear fission
in a contained environment to convert water to steam, which powers
generators to produce electricity. It is the by-product of this activity
that creates the biggest hazard.
Accident categories
Nuclear meltdown
Criticality accidents
Decay heat
Equipment failure
Human error

7.
Common indicators of these disasters are
vomiting , nausea , blindness Close adizziness
etc. Don’t look at fire as it causes instant ll
doors and
windows as radioactivity doesn’t penetrate into
solid structures Cover all food and water and
listen govt. orders

8.
Chernobyl Disaster

9.
 Chernobyl disaster is considered to be the worst
catastrophic (Manmade disaster) in history.
Chernobyl was a nuclear power plant that was
located 80 miles north of Kiev, which is now the
‘Ukraine’. Chernobyl was a part of the city
‘Pripyat’.
INTRODUCTION

10.
 On 26th April 1986, at 1:23 P.M. blast occurred
in the 4th reactor. The reactor 4 suffered power
increase leading to explosion from core. The
two engineers present in the 4th reactor were
Alexander Akimov and Leonid Toptunov.
Whereas Leonid was present at the time of
blast as he was a young engineer with a 3
months experience.

11.
The obvious reason that can be stated is
‘Operator error’. Maybe the operator was not
experienced enough to control the reactor.
Another reason was that the, operator allowed to
much water flow in the tank that caused the
speed of the turbine to increase uncontrollably.
Additionally normal safety rules were not
followed. Example the regulation required at
least 15 controlled rods but at the time of the
explosion there were on 10 rods intact.

12.
The core
of
reactor 4.

13.
Soon after the blast the city Pirpyat was evacuated
immediately. There were 50,000 people living who
were forced to leave everything behind (Even
necessary belongings). Within hours after explosion
dozen of people fell ill and experienced headache,
metallic taste in mouth, vomiting, uncontrollable
fits. Within hours Pripyat became a ghost city.

14.
 With the emitting radiations a rise was seen in health
disorders. Disease like Thyroid cancer, mental illness,
rise in abortion, various physical disability. The rate of
cancers are still at a rise and many cases are reported
every year with a certain disability. Every year
thousands of people die in this manner.

15.
34 years have passed but still the radiation level is
that area is so high that nobody will be able to
live there for 200 years. The whole area is sealed
by the Russian force and no individuals id
allowed to visit anywhere near the reactor. It is
said that the controller keys of reactor 4 still
remain untouched even after 34years.

16.
These are referred as poor mans nuclear
bomb as these are easy to manufacture ,
transport and have the ability to kill
hundreds and thousands of people. They
are delivered using dusting airplanes or
small perfumes atomizers . They have
ability to generate immediate effects.

17.
Disasters that are caused by the
excessive use and misuse of chemicals
in industries are called chemical disasters
. The irresponsible handling of powerful
chemicals can cause widespread
devastation.

18.
Industries using harmful and powerful
chemicals should be located far away from
residential areas There should be surveys
to keep a check on their activity The govt.
should formulate an emergency plan to in
case of an accident Pollution levels
should be checked and maintained

19.
The main reason is poor wiring and faulty
electrical equipment , leaking gas or carelessly
thrown cigarettes and matches The main power
supply source is good condition. Wire should be
properly covered Inflammable things should be
kept out of reach of children Power points
shouldn’t be overloaded

20.
All efforts should be made to carry victims
to nearby hospital If possible, first aid can
be given to victims It is the duty of
people present there to get trapped
people out If we smell fuel at accident
site , warn people and don’t light fire

21.
We must inform police if we come across
any suspected group of people We must
stay away from any suspicious things and
inform police about that. Do not accept
packages from strangers Do not leave
luggage unattended while travelling

22.
Ensure safe drinking water , sanitation
after a disaster . Health workers should
be trained.
Covering of all stored water containers A
surveillance should be established to
detect outbreaks

23.
summary

24.
It is important to understand man made
disasters now that they can cause irreversible
damage, and it is in fact ourselves who are
causing these disasters because of our
ignorance and some even being caused by
intent.