1. RPM Building
© 2010 Anil Kumar Pugalia <email@sarika-pugs.com>
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2. What to Expect?
System Setup to build an RPM
Steps to build an RPM
Testing the built RPM
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3. Master Steps
Setting up the build system
Collating the package source
Writing the .spec file
Actually building the rpm
Testing the built rpm
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4. System Setup
Creating a separate login, say rpmbuild
To avoid security hazards
Create a package directory
mkdir <pkg_dir>
Create the following subdirectories
BUILD: Place for building by rpmbuild
RPMS with i386, i686, noarch: For built binary package
SOURCES: For the original software sources
SPECS: For .spec file
SRPMS: For built source rpm
tmp: For temporary files (Optional)
Install the following commands
rpmbuild: Typically part of rpm-build package
Other Optionals: rpmlint, gpg
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5. Steps to Build an RPM
Collating the package sources
Typically as a .tgz file
Writing a spec file
Basic structure
Building the package
Cleaning the package
Installing the package
Uninstalling the package
Building using rpmbuild
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6. Locate your Templates
Create the .tgz of sources
View the 'sources' target in the makefile
Output: SOURCES/pkg_cmd-1.0.tgz
Spec file & the macros
Example: SPECS/pkg_cmd-1.0.spec
Building the rpm
View the 'build' target in the makefile
Output: RPMS/pkg_cmd-1.0-1.i386.rpm
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7. Spec Sections
Introduction
Defines, Keywords, %description
%prep – Unpack source code
%build – Compile code
% install – Install code onto build machine
%clean – Clean up code
%files – List of files to use
%changelog – Change log of the code
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8. %file specific Macros
%defattr – Default attributes
file attributes, owner, group, dir attributes
%doc – Documentation files
%exclude – Exclude these files
Useful Path Macros
%{_prefix}
%{_bindir}, %{_sbindir}, %{_libdir}
%{_datadir}, %{_sysconfdir}
%{_mandir}, %{_infodir}
%{_gamesbindir}, %{_gamesdatadir}
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9. Additional Spec Sections
%pre – Execute before install
%post – Execute after install
%preun – Execute before uninstall
%postun – Execute after uninstall
Option to these: -p <interpreter>
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10. Signing an RPM
Assuming that a GPG key is there
Add the following macros in the .spec file
%_signature gpg
%_gpg_path /path/to/.gnupg
%_gpg_name name lastname (comment) <email>
'gpg --list-keys' to get the value
%_gpgbin /usr/bin/gpg
Build with --sign option to rpmbuild
Alternatively, an RPM can be signed as follows
rpm --addsign <rpm_package>
After putting the above macros in ~/.rpmmacros
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11. Interesting Spec Macros
Triggers on operation with other packages
%triggerin <pkg> – On installing <pkg>
%triggerun <pkg> – On uninstalling <pkg>
%triggerin <pkg> – After uninstalling <pkg>
Details about all
/usr/lib/rpm/macros
Place for repeated macros
~/.rpmmacros
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12. Building the RPM
Using rpmbuild
rpmbuild <build_options> [options] <spec_file>
<build_options>
-bs, bb, -ba
-bp (%prep), -bc (%build), -bi (%install)
-bl (list check from %files)
A very clean way
rpmbuild -ba --rmspec --rmsource
rpmbuild --rebuild
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13. Testing the RPM Build(ing)
Are rpms created in their directories?
Are the rpms with the correct names?
Is the rpm info correct? Issued by
rpm -qlivp --changelog <rpm_package>
Linting the rpms or even the spec files
rpmlint [-i] <rpm_package | spec_file>
Install Tests
Expected files at expected places & privileges
Binaries executable, Documentation accessible
Various installs, uninstalls
On different machines
Without required packages
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14. Backup
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15. Options to setup
-c – Create upper directory first
Useful for archive without a parent directory
-D – Does not delete the directory
Useful in later setups, if multiple
-T – Override the default behaviour
Rather specified by -a 0, -b 0, etc
-n <name> - <name> what source
unpacks to
Useful if different from the source name
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16. Generating a GPG key
Generate a key using gpg --gen-key
Listings (provides <UID>)
gpg --list-sigs
gpg --list-keys
Generating a public key
gpg --armor --export "<UID>" > my.key.file.asc
Publishing the public key
gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --send-key "<UID>"
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17. What all have we learnt?
System Setup to build an RPM
Steps to build an RPM
Collating the sources
Writing the spec file
Building the rpm
Testing the built RPM
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18. Any Queries?
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